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Chionanthus Linnaeus (1753: 8)

Quang, Bui Hong & Nuraliev, Maxim S., 2021, The genus Chionanthus (Oleaceae) in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam, Phytotaxa 525 (3), pp. 167-195 : 168-169

publication ID

 https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.525.3.1

DOI

 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5714324

persistent identifier

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scientific name

 Chionanthus Linnaeus (1753: 8)
status

 

Chionanthus Linnaeus (1753: 8) View in CoL .

TYPE (designated by Jarvis et al. [1993: 33]):— C. virginica Linnaeus (1753: 8) .

Mayepea Aublet (1775: 81) View in CoL . TYPE:— M. guianensis Aublet (1775: 81) View in CoL .

Freyeria Scopoli (1777: 208) View in CoL . TYPE:—not designated.

Thouinia Thunberg ex Linnaeus (1782: 89) View in CoL , nom. rej. TYPE:— T. nutans Linnaeus (1782: 89) .

Ceranthus Schreber (1789: 14) View in CoL . TYPE:— C. schreberi Gmelin (1791: 26) View in CoL .

Linociera Swartz ex Schreber (1791: 784) View in CoL . Don (1837: 52), de Candolle (1844: 296), Bentham & Hooker (1876: 678), Clarke (1882: 607), Ridley (1923: 316), Gagnepain (1932: 785, 1933: 1066), Kerr (1939: 410), Backer & Bakhuizen van den Brink (1965: 213), Pai (1986: 627), Miao (1992: 112), Ho (2003: 884), Kress et al. (2003: 319), Ly (2003: 1168), Jin et al. (2016: 159). TYPE:— L. ligustrina ( Swartz 1788: 15) Swartz (1797: 50) View in CoL .

Bonamica Vellozo (1825: 21) View in CoL . TYPE:— B. filiformis Vellozo (1825: 21) View in CoL .

Tessarandra Miers (1851: 198) View in CoL . TYPE:— T. fluminensis Miers (1851: 198) View in CoL .

Description

Trees or shrubs, usually evergreen (deciduous in temperate species). Leaves opposite, simple, petiolate, exstipulate; leaf blade oblanceolate, oblong-lanceolate or obovate, chartaceous or coriaceous, with entire margin, pinnately veined, often with domatia on abaxial side in axils of secondary veins and midvein. Inflorescences axillary or rarely terminal, cymose, paniculate or rarely racemose-decussate. Flowers small, bisexual or unisexual, often fragrant. Calyx persistent, short, cup-shaped, with tube and 4 free lobes; lobes sometimes very short (in form of teeth). Corolla white or (greenish) yellow (rarely pink or red), with short tube and 4 free lobes; lobes sometimes almost free to base or joined in pairs at base, valvate in bud, linear or shortly oblong. Stamens 2 (rarely 4), inserted at base of corolla lobes, included in corolla; filament shorter than anther; anther elliptic; connective sometimes extended into a short appendage. Ovary superior, globose to bottle-shaped, bilocular, with 2 pendulous ovules per locule; style short, stigma entire or slightly 2-lobed. Fruit a drupe, ovoid to ellipsoid or spherical, with fleshy mesocarp and bony endocarp, usually 1-seeded; seed with or without endosperm.

Literature: — Don (1837: 50), de Candolle (1844: 295), Blume (1851: 317), Miquel (1856: 550), Bentham & Mueller (1869: 301), Bentham & Hooker (1876: 677), Kurz (1877: 158), Kiew (1979: 263, 1989: 286, 1998: 471, 2002: 131, 2015: 287), Panigrahi (1985: 53), Pai (1986: 630), Green (1988: 265, 1994: 261, 2000b: 281, 2003: 260, 2004: 303), Miao (1992: 118), Yamazaki (1993: 128), Chang et al. (1996: 293), Coode et al. (1996: 247), Yang & Lu (1998: 128), Kessler et al. (2002: 100), Kress et al. (2003: 317), Wei (2003: 419), Newman et al. (2007: 248), Wen & Fang (2011: 781), Xu & Xia (2011: 130), Cho et al. (2016: 141), Jin et al. (2016: 159).

Etymology: —The name of the genus means “snowy flower”, apparently referring to the white colour of the flowers ( Kiew 2002).

Notes: —The genus is represented in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam by 13 species, four of which are endemic to the region. In Vietnam, twelve species are known, including two national endemics. Laos has nine species, and Cambodia has five species.

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Gagnepain, F. (1932) Especes nouvelles du genre Linociera (Oleacees d'Indochine). Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France 79 (5): 785 - 788.

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Green, P. S. (1994) A revision of Chionanthus (Oleaceae) in S. America and the description of Priogymnanthus, gen. nov. Kew Bulletin 49 (2): 261 - 286. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 4110264

Green, P. S. (2000 b) Oleaceae. In: Santisuk, T. & Larsen, K. (Eds.) Flora of Thailand. Vol. 7 (2). The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department, Bangkok, pp. 271 - 340.

Green, P. S. (2003) Synopsis of the Oleaceae from the Indian sub-continent. Kew Bulletin 58 (2): 257 - 295. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 4120616

Green, P. S. (2004) Oleaceae. In: Kubitzki, K. (Ed.) The families and genera of vascular plants 7. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg & New York, pp. 296 - 306. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 18617 - 2 _ 16

Ho, P. H. (2003) An illustrated flora of Vietnam. Vol. 2. Youth Publishing House, Ho Chi Minh City, 982 pp. [In Vietnamese]

Jarvis, C. E., Barrie, F. R., Allan, D. M. & Reveal, J. L. (1993) A list of Linnaean generic names and their types. Regnum Vegetabile 127: 1 - 100.

Jin, H. - Y., Ahn, T. - H., Lee, H. - J., Song, J. H., Lee, C. H., Kim, Y. J., Yoon, J. W., Chamg, K. S., Kang, H. S., Cheng, H. C., Park, J. H., Bang, M., Bouahom, B., Phongoudome, C., Thammavong, V., Souladeth, P., Bouamanivong, S., Phasaysombath, T., Chanthavongsa, K., Lanorsavanh, S., Sayyalath, S., Bounithiphonh, C. & Phonephanome, P. (2016) A checklist of plants in Lao PDR. Korea National Arboretum of the Korea Forest Service, Pocheon-si, 403 pp.

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Kessler, P. J., Bos, M. M., Daza, S. S., Kop, A., Willemse, L. P. M., Pitopang, R. & Gradstein, S. R. (2002) Checklist of woody plants of Sulawesi, Indonesia. Blumea. Supplement 14 (1): 1 - 160.

Kiew, R. (1979) The genus Chionanthus L. (Oleaceae) in Malesia. I. The Malayan species. The Malaysian Forester 42 (3): 259 - 279.

Kiew, R. (1989) Oleaceae. In: Ng, F. S. P. (Ed.) Tree flora of Malaya 4. Longman Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, pp. 285 - 292.

Kiew, R. (1998) Name changes for Malesian species of Chionanthus (Oleaceae). Blumea 43: 471 - 477.

Kiew, R. (2002) Oleaceae. In: Soepadmo, E., Saw, L. G. & Chung, R. C. K. (Eds.) Tree Flora of Sabah & Sarawak 4. Sabah Forestry Department, Forest Research Institute of Malaysia and Sarawak Forestry Department, pp. 129 - 168.

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Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Lamiales

Family

Oleaceae

Specimens