Cryptonura dohezarensis Arbea, Yahyapour & Shayanmehr, 2022

Yahyapour, Eliye, Shayanmehr, Masoumeh, Vafaei-Shoushtari, Reza & Arbea, Javier I., 2022, New species and records of Neanurinae (Collembola: Neanuridae) from Mazandaran Province (Northeastern Iran), with a key to Iranian species of the subfamily, Zootaxa 5087 (2), pp. 253-274 : 254-258

Cryptonura dohezarensis Arbea, Yahyapour & Shayanmehr sp. nov.

Figs 1−15 , Tab. 1a & b

Type locality. Iran, Mazandaran Province, Tonekabon county, Dohezar forest , 36º40ʹ21.7ʺ N, 50º49ʹ28.5ʺ E, 443 m a.s.l.

Type material. Holotype: female on slide in MNCN. Iran: Mazandaran Province, Tonekabon county, Dohezar forest , 10 November 2016, soil and leaf litter, Berlese extraction, Eliye Yahyapour leg. Paratype: juvenile on slide in SANRU, same data as for holotype .

Etymology. The species was named after the type locality, Dohezar forest.

Diagnosis. Habitus typical of the genus Cryptonura . Body without pigment, 2+2 eyes darkly pigmented. Dorsal tubercles present and well developed, roundish in shape. Buccal cone rather long, labrum ogival. Head with tubercles Af and Cl separated. With chaetae A, B, C, D and E. Chaeta O absent. Tubercles Dl and (L+So) on head with 5 and 8 chaetae respectively. Tubercle Di on Th I with 1 chaeta. Tubercles De on Th II and III with 2+s and 3+s chaetae respectively. Tubercles L on Abd III and IV with 3 and 6 chaetae respectively. Macrochaetae Ml relatively long. Cryptopygy present, poorly developed. Claw without inner tooth.

Description. Habitus typical of the genus. Head and tergite tubercles weakly developed, differentiated in small bosses, with tertiary granulation. Body length (without antennae): 1.6 mm in the holotype. Body without pigment. 2+2 eyes relatively small (diameter of ocellus slightly longer than diameter of alveolus Ocp), darkly pigmented.

Chaetal morphology. Dorsal ordinary chaetae of five types: Macrochaetae Ml relatively long, strongly thickened, almost cylindrical, arclike or straight, narrowly sheathed, apically rounded; lateral macrochaetae longer, less serrated and thinner apically; short macrochaetae Mc and Mcc thickened, straight and blunt; macrochaetae densely covered by minute denticles. Mesochaetae smooth or feebly serrated and pointed. Smooth microchaetae shorter, acuminate and thin. S-chaetae of tergites thin, smooth and longer than closest Mc ( Fig. 4 ).

Ventral side of head: Vi=6, Ve=11 (4 Vea, 3 Vem and 4 Vep).

Antenna: Ant I, II with 7, 10- 11 chaetae.

Ant III with 16 ordinary chaetae (5 ve, 3 vc, 4 vi and 4 d), 5 S-chaetae (AIIIO).

Ant IV dorsally with the complete set of chaetae (or, 8 S, i, 12 mou, 3 brs).

Ant IV ventrally with the complete set of chaetae (3 brs, 2iv; ap: 7bs, 4miA; ca:2 bs, 3 miA; cm: 3 bs, 1 miA; cp: 8 miA, 1 brs).

Antennae. Antennae shorter than head. Chaetotaxy of antennae as in Tab. 1a and in Figs 8−9 . Ant I with 7 chaetae: 2 long (Ml) and three shorter (Mc) thick and ciliate, others smooth. Ant II with 10−11 chaetae: 2 long thick and ciliate setae (Ml), and others smooth. Ant III and IV dorsally fused. Ant III with 16 ordinary chaetae (group d with 4 chaetae) and 5 S-chaetae of AIIIO, guard chaetae Sgv longer and slender than Sgd. Eight subequal S-chaetae (S1–S8) on Ant IV, S1 thinner and S4 slighlty stouter than others ( Fig. 1 ); Ant IV organite as a very small rod, almost entirely burried in the integument; apical bulb simple or feebly lobed, fused to Ant IV tip.

Mouthparts. Buccal cone elongated. Labrum pointed, with ventral sclerifications ogival as in Fig. 5 . Labrum with 0/2, 2 smooth chaetae of different sizes, prelabral chaetae absent ( Fig. 15 ). Labium with 11 chaetae: a1, a2, p2, E, F, G, b, c, d, e and f. Labial papillae x not detected ( Fig. 5 ). Maxilla styliform, mandible thin tridentate.

Dorsal chaetotaxy and tubercles. Chaetotaxy of head as in Tab. 1a and Figs 1 and 11−12 , with 12 chaetal groups: Cl, Af, 2 Oc, 2 Di, 2 De, 2 Dl, 2 (L+So); tubercles Cl and Af separate ( Fig. 12 ); chaeta A distinctly shorter than B chaeta; chaeta D free; O absent; tubelem BE present; tubercle Dl with 5 chaetae, chaeta Dl6 absent ( Fig. 11 ); tubercle (L+So) with 8 chaetae, chaetae L2 and L3 absent ( Fig. 11 ). Chaetotaxy of Th and Abd as in Tab. 1b and in Figs 1–2 , 7 and 13–14 . Number of tubercles from Th I to Abd VI on half notum is: 3,4,4/4,4,4,4,2,1. S-chaetotaxic formula on Th I to Abd V as 0,2+ms,2/1,1,1,1,1; body s-chaeta thin and smooth, slightly longer than closest Mc ( Fig. 13 ). Tubercles Di on Th I with 1 chaeta; tubercles Di on Th II–III with 3 chaetae, chaetae Di3 free ( Fig. 7 ); chaetae De2 on Th II–III and De3 on Th III and Abd I–III connected with tubercle De ( Fig. 13 ); tubercle L on Abd III and IV with 3 and 6 chaetae respectively; tubercles Di on Abd V with chaetae Di3 as mi, Di2 as Mc or mi and Di1 as Ml ( Fig. 14 ). Cryptopygy poorly developed; Abd VI hardly visible from dorsal side ( Figs 2−3 ).

Ventral chaetotaxy. On head, groups Vea, Vem and Vep with 4,3,4 chaetae respectively; group Vi with 6 chaetae ( Fig. 10 ). On Abd IV, furcal vestige with 5 chaetae, devoid of mi but with a small posterior area of primary granulation. Ventral chaetae Vl and L' on Abd V present ( Fig. 3 ).

Legs. Chaetotaxy of legs as in Tab. 1b .Tibiotarsi with chaetae B4 and B5 short. Claw without inner tooth ( Fig. 6 ).

Ratios. Chaetae A: B: Ocm: Ocp: Di1 on Abd IV: Di1 on Abd V: Claw III = 12: 30: 27: 20: 50: 36: 10.

Remarks. Within the genus Cryptonura , C. dohezarensis sp. nov. most closely resembles C. persica Smolis et al. 2012 from Iran. Both taxa have similar chaetotaxy of central area of the head (chaetae A, C and D present), maxilla and mandible shape, the number of chaetae Di on Th I, similar dorsal chaetotaxy of abdomen (see Tab. 5 ). However, they clearly differ in the body colour (in C. dohezarensis , white; in C. persica , blue), the shape of dorsal tubercles (in C. dohezarensis , rounded; in C. persica , triangular), the fusion of Cl and Af tubercles on head (in C. dohezarensis , separate; in C. persica , fused) and the number of Di chaetae on Th II–III (in C. dohezarensis , 3; in C. persica , 2).

C. dohezarensis sp. nov. is also similar to two species without body pigment and with rounded dorsal tubercles: C. anthrenoidea ( Ellis, 1976) from Greece and C. jubilaria Smolis, 2002 from Poland. Nevertheless, the new species can be easily distinguished from them by the number of L+So chaetae on head (in C. dohezarensis , 8, in C. anthrenoidea and C. jubilaria , 7), the number of L chaetae on Abd IV (in C. dohezarensis , 6, in C. anthrenoidea and C. jubilaria , 5) and a combination of characters: unguis without inner tooth, mandible with 3 teeth, 6 Vi ventral chaetae on head, chaetae C, D and E present on head, 3 Di chaetae on Abd V and 5 De+Dl+L ordinary chaetae on Abd V. The main diagnostic characters of these species are summarized in Tab. 5 .

Figures

FIGURES 1–6. Cryptonura dohezarensis sp. nov.: 1, head and Th dorsal chaetotaxy; 2, Abd dorsal chaetotaxy; 3, Abd ventral chaetotaxy; 4, chaetae types: long macrochaetae, rounded or pointed apically (Ml), short macrochaeta (Mc), very short macrochaeta (Mcc), mesochaeta (me), microchaeta (mi), sensorial chaeta (S), microsensillum (ms); 5, labium and ventromedial head chaetae; 6, hind tibiotarsus and unguis. Scales: 0.2 mm (1−3), 0.02 mm (5−6).

FIGURES 7–15. Cryptonura dohezarensis sp. nov.: 7, Di tubercle on Th II; 8−9, Ant III−IV in dorsal (8) and ventral view (9); 10, ventral and lateral head chaetotaxy; 11, tubercles Oc, Dl and L+So on head; 12, tubercles Cl and Af on head; 13, De tubercle on Th II; 14, Di tubercle on Abd V; 15, apical portion of labrum. Scales: 0.1 mm (7, 10−14), 0.05 mm (8−9), 0.02 mm (15).

Tables

TABLE 1a. Cephalic chaetotaxy of Cryptonura dohezarensis sp. nov.

Dorsal tubercle	Number of chaetae	Types of chaetae	Names of chaetae
Af	4	Ml	F
		Mcc	G
Cl	8(10)	Ml	B
		Mc	A
		mi	C, D, (E)
Oc	3	Ml	Ocm
		Mc	Ocp
		mi	Oca
Di	2	Ml	Di1
		Mc	Di2
De	2	Ml	De1
		Mc/mi	De2
Dl	5	Ml	Dl1, Dl5
		Mc	Dl3, Dl4
		mi	Dl2
(L+So)	8	Ml	L1, L4, So1
		me	So3–6
		mi	L2