Cryptonura abmalensis Arbea, Yahyapour & Shayanmehr, 2022

Yahyapour, Eliye, Shayanmehr, Masoumeh, Vafaei-Shoushtari, Reza & Arbea, Javier I., 2022, New species and records of Neanurinae (Collembola: Neanuridae) from Mazandaran Province (Northeastern Iran), with a key to Iranian species of the subfamily, Zootaxa 5087 (2), pp. 253-274 : 258-261

Cryptonura abmalensis Arbea, Yahyapour & Shayanmehr sp. nov.

Figs 16−25 , Tab. 2a & b

Type locality. Iran, Mazandaran Province, Sari county, Abmal forest , 36º42ʹ52ʺ N, 53º06ʹ00ʺ E, 10 m a.s.l.

Type material. Holotype: female on slide in MNCN. Iran: Mazandaran Province, Sari county, Abmal forest , 23 April 2016, soil and leaf litter, Berlese extraction, Eliye Yahyapour leg. Paratypes: 4 females, 1 male and 3 juvenile on slide in MNCN (4 paratypes) and SANRU (4 paratypes), same data as holotype .

Etymology. The species was named after the type locality, Abmal forest.

Diagnosis. Habitus typical of the genus Cryptonura . Colour of the body bluish-gray, 2+2 eyes darkly pigmented. Dorsal tubercles present and well developed, triangular in shape. Buccal cone rather long, labrum ogival. Head with chaetae B, C and E. Chaetae A and O absent. Tubercles Af and Cl fused. Tubercles Dl and (L+So) on head with 6 and 9 chaetae respectively. Tubercle Di on Th I with 1 chaeta. Tubercles De on Th II and III with 2+s and 3+s chaetae respectively. Tubercles L on Abd III and IV with 4 and 8 chaetae, respectively. Macrochaetae Ml relatively long. Cryptopygy present, poorly developed. Claw without inner tooth.

Description. Habitus typical of the genus. Head and tergite tubercles well developed. Body length (without antennae): 1.8–2.8 mm ♀, 2.1 mm ♂ (holotype ♀: 2.4 mm). Colour of the body bluish-gray. 2+2 eyes relatively small (diameter of ocellus equal to diameter of alveolus Ocp), darkly pigmented ( Fig. 16 ).

Chaetal morphology. Dorsal ordinary chaetae of five types: Macrochaetae Ml relatively long, strongly thickened, almost cylindrical, arclike or straight, narrowly sheathed, apically rounded; lateral macrochaetae longer, less serrated and thinner apically; short macrochaetae Mc and Mcc thickened, straight and blunt; macrochaetae densely covered by minute denticles. Mesochaetae smooth or feebly serrated and pointed. Smooth microchaetae shorter, acuminate and thin. S-chaetae of tergites thin, smooth and shorter than closest Mc.

Antennae. Antennae shorter than head. Chaetotaxy of antennae as in Tab. 2b and in Figs 21−22 . Ant I with 7 chaetae: 2 long (Ml) and 3 shorter (Mc) thick and ciliate, others smooth, and few subcuticular reticulations. Ant II with 12 chaetae: 3 long (Ml) and one shorter (Mc), thick and ciliate chaetae, and others smooth. Ant III and IV dorsally fused, with subcuticular reticulation. Ant III with 16 ordinary chaetae (group d with 4 chaetae) and 5 S-chaetae of AIIIO, guard chaetae Sgd and Sgv slightly shorter and slender than S-chaetae of Ant IV. Eight subequal S-chaetae (S1–S8) on Ant IV, S1 thinner than others ( Fig. 21 ); Ant IV organite as a very small rod, almost entirely burried in the integument; apical bulb poorly developed, trilobed, fused to Ant IV tip.

Ventral side of head: Vi=6, Ve=10- 11(4 Vea, 3 Vem and 3-4 Vep).

Antenna: Ant I, II with 7, 12 chaetae.

Ant III with 16 ordinary chaetae (5 ve, 4 vc, 3 vi and 4 d), 5 S-chaetae (AIIIO).

Ant IV dorsally with the complete set of chaetae (or, 8 S, i, 12 mou, 3 brs).

Ant IV ventrally with the complete set of chaetae (3 brs, 2 iv; ap: 6 bs, 5 miA; ca: 3 bs, 3 miA; cm: 3 bs, 1 miA; cp: 7 miA, 1 brs).

Mouthparts. Buccal cone elongated. Labrum pointed, with ventral sclerifications ogival. Labrum chaetotaxy with 0/2,2 smooth chaetae of different sizes, prelabral chaetae absent. Labium with 11 chaetae: a1, a2, p2, E, F, G, b, c, d, e and f. Labial papillae x not detected. Maxilla styliform ( Fig. 19 ), mandible thin with four teeth, being two basal stronger, unequal teeth and two smaller, subequal apical teeth ( Fig. 18 ).

Dorsal chaetotaxy and tubercles. Chaetotaxy of head as in Tab. 2a and Figs 16 and 24 , with 11 chaetal groups: Cl+Af, 2 Oc, 2 Di, 2 De, 2 Dl, 2 (L+So). Tubercles Cl and Af fused ( Fig. 24 ); chaetae A and O absent; tubercle Dl with 6 chaetae, chaeta Dl6 as mi ( Fig. 23 ); tubercle (L+So) with 9 chaetae. Chaetotaxy of Th and Abd as in Tab. 2b and in Figs 16–17 and 25 . Number of tubercles from Th I to Abd VI on half notum is: 3,4,4/4,4,4,4,2,1. S-chaetotaxic formula on Th I to Abd V as 0,2+ms,2/1,1,1,1,1; body s-chaeta thin and smooth, distinctly shorter than closest Mc ( Fig. 25 ). Tubercles Di on Th I with 1 chaeta; tubercles Di on Th II–III with 3 chaetae; chaetae De2 on Th II–III and De3 on Th III connected with tubercle De ( Fig. 25 ); chaetae De3 on Abd I–III connected with tubercle De ( Fig. 3 ); tubercle L on Abd III and IV with 4 and 8−9 chaetae, respectively; tubercles Di on Abd V with chaetae Di2 as Mc and Di3 as Mcc. Cryptopygy poorly developed; Abd VI hardly visible from dorsal side ( Figs 17 and 20 ).

Ventral chaetotaxy. On head, groups Vea, Vem and Vep with 4, 3, 3−4 chaetae, respectively; group Vi with 6 chaetae ( Fig. 23 ). On Abd IV, furcal vestige with 5−6 chaetae, devoid of mi but with a small posterior area of primary granulation. Ventral chaetae Vl and L' on Abd V present ( Fig. 20 ).

Legs. Chaetotaxy of legs as in Tab. 2b . Tibiotarsi with chaetae B4 and B5 short. Claw without inner tooth.

Ratios. Chaetae A: B: Ocm: Ocp: Di1 on Abd IV: Di1 on Abd V: Claw III = −: 34: 31: 24: 54: 47: 10

Remarks. C. abmalensis sp. nov. seems to be closest to C. maxima and C. persica described from the northern part of Iran ( Smolis et al. 2012). All three species have blue body colour, triangular dorsal tubercles and a similar chaetotaxy of central area of the head (C and D chaetae present), one Di chaeta on Th I, 2,2,3/3,3,3 De ordinary chaetae on Th I–Abd III, respectively, and 3 Di chaetae on Abd V. However, these species differ in another set of characters: number of mandibular teeth (in C. abmalensis sp. nov., four teeth; in C. maxima and C. persica , three), the fusion of Cl and Af tubercles on head (in C. abmalensis sp. nov. and C. persica , fused; in C. maxima , present), the presence of A chaetae on head (in C. abmalensis sp. nov., absent; in C. maxima and C. persica , present), the number of Dl and L+So chaetae on head (in C. abmalensis sp. nov., 6 and 9, respectively; in C. maxima , 6 and 10; in C. persica , 5 and 8), the number of Di chaetae on Th II–III (in C. abmalensis sp. nov. and C. maxima , 2; in C. persica , 3), the number of L chaetae on Abd IV (in C. abmalensis sp. nov. and C. maxima , 8–9; in C. persica , 6–7) and the number of De+Dl+L ordinary chaetae on Abd V (in C. abmalensis sp. nov. and C. persica , 5; in C. maxima , 6–7). The main diagnostic characters of these species are summarized in Tab. 5 .

Figures

FIGURES 16–25. Cryptonura abmalensis sp. nov.: 16, head and Th dorsal chaetotaxy; 17, Abd III−VI dorsal chaetotaxy; 18, mandible; 19, maxilla; 20, Abd ventral chaetotaxy; 21−22,Ant III−IV in dorsal (21) and ventral view (22); 23, ventral and lateral head chaetotaxy; 24, Cl+Af tubercle on head; 25, De tubercle on Th II. Scales: 0.2 mm (16−17, 20, 23), 0.1 mm (21−22, 24−25), 0.02 mm (18−19).

FIGURES 1–6. Cryptonura dohezarensis sp. nov.: 1, head and Th dorsal chaetotaxy; 2, Abd dorsal chaetotaxy; 3, Abd ventral chaetotaxy; 4, chaetae types: long macrochaetae, rounded or pointed apically (Ml), short macrochaeta (Mc), very short macrochaeta (Mcc), mesochaeta (me), microchaeta (mi), sensorial chaeta (S), microsensillum (ms); 5, labium and ventromedial head chaetae; 6, hind tibiotarsus and unguis. Scales: 0.2 mm (1−3), 0.02 mm (5−6).

Tables

TABLE 2a. Cephalic chaetotaxy of Cryptonura abmalensis sp. nov.

Dorsal tubercle	Number of chaetae	Types of chaetae	Names of chaetae
(Af+Cl)	10	Ml	B, F
		Mc	E, G
		Mcc	C
Oc	3	Ml	Ocm, Ocp
		Mc	Oca
Di	2	Ml	Di1
		Mc	Di2
De	2	Ml	De1
		Mcc	De2
Dl	6	Ml	Dl1, Dl5
		Mc	Dl2, Dl3, Dl4
		mi	Dl6
(L+So)	9	Ml	L1, L3, So1, So6
		Mc	L2, So3
		me	L4, So4–5