Celaenorrhinus, Hubner, 1819

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3033.1.1
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6C3D2156-6E49-FFC8-E0FE-FB56FDA4302D
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Celaenorrhinus
status

Celaenorrhinus View in CoL Group 1: brown pupae with cephalic projections

This group includes all of the black and white species that we have reared except C. sanjeensis Kielland. Within this section C. plagiatus Berger , C. proxima proxima , C. p. maesseni Berger, C. undescribed nr. dargei Berger and, we anticipate, C. dargei , form a very compact group, here referred to as the C. proxima group, whose caterpillars ( Figures 2.2 View FIGURE 2 , 4 View FIGURE 4 , 5.1 View FIGURE 5 , 8, 10, 12 and 14) and pupae ( Figures 1 View FIGURE 1 , 5 View FIGURE 5 , 9 View FIGURE 9 , 11 View FIGURE 11 , 13 View FIGURE 13 , 15 View FIGURE 15 ) we cannot easily separate. Celaenorrhinus zanqua Evans and C. humbloti (Mabille) also belong in group 1 but the early stages, particularly the pupae, are recognisably different from those of the C. proxima group. Based on the adults, C. ambra Evans from Madagascar is also similar; the genitalia of all these species are similar in structure and all have a large cuneus in the penis that is missing in the orange species (T.B. Larsen pers. comm. 2011).

It would be desirable to have more material before drawing firm conclusions, but there do seem to be differences to the size and orientation of the cephalic projections of the pupae, as demonstrated in the photographs of the frontal plates of emerged pupae in Figure 1 View FIGURE 1 . The two West African taxa, C. plagiatus ( Figure 1.1 View FIGURE 1 ) and C. proxima maesseni ( Figure 1.6 View FIGURE 1 ), have a more robust central projection, than the East African taxa ( Figures 1.2–5 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 ); the projections over the eyes are angled outwards slightly in C. plagiatus , but slightly recurved in C. proxima maesseni . The projections over the eyes of C. undescribed nr. dargei ( Figure 1.2 View FIGURE 1 ) are angled outwards at almost 45° to the vertical, whereas those of C. proxima proxima ( Figure 1.3–5 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 ) are almost vertical. The specimen of C. proxima proxima from Cameroon ( Figure 1.5 View FIGURE 1 ) has a slightly more slender central projection than those from Kenya ( Figure 1.3–4 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 ), but otherwise, all three are similar.