Graphis persicina G. Meyen & Flotow (1843: 229)

Kalb, Jutarat, Lücking, Robert & Kalb, Klaus, 2018, The lichen genera Allographa and Graphis (Ascomycota: Ostropales, Graphidaceae) in Thailand-eleven new species, forty-seven new records and a key to all one hundred and fifteen species so far recorded for the country, Phytotaxa 377 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

* Graphis persicina G. Meyen & Flotow (1843: 229) .

Type :— PHILIPPINES. Ad truncos sylvarum in interioribus Manillae insulae, ( B, holotype, not seen) .

Fig. 7B .

Thallus corticolous, whitish, or grayish, continuous, smooth or uneven, corticate, dull. Lirellae erumpent, young with an almost complete, later with a lateral to basal thalline margin, elongate, up to 8 mm long, straight, curved or sinuous, unbranched to (rarely) irregularly branched, labia divergent, entire, disc first concealed, especially at the ends of the lirellae, widely opened with age and even convex, thinly whitish pruinose or black or purple coloured when pruina is abraded, (scripta- or negrosina -morph). Exciple laterally carbonized; hymenium densely inspersed with purple oildrops, K + dirty-green efflux (isohypocrellin); ascospores (2–) 4–6 (–8)/ascus, hyaline, 8–13-septate, 30–50 × 8–10 μm; 9–11-septate, 26–34 × 8 μm ( M. Nakanishi, annotation slip attached to isotype in G); 9–13-septate, 20–56 × 7–10 μm ( Vainio 1921b).

Chemistry: norstictic acid (major), ± connorstictic acid (minor) (anal. J. Sutjaritturakan).

Distribution and habitat:—palaeotropical; reported from India (Adawadkar & Makhia 2007), the Philippines [type locality, and recollected by Merrill and Baker (Vainio 1921)], Hong Kong ( Aptroot & Sipman 2001), Papua New Guinea, Taiwan ( Aptroot & Sparrius 2008 –present) and here reported for the first time from Thailand where is was growing in mangrove forests, secondary forests, plantations and coastal coniferous forests at low elevations.

Remarks:—This species can habitually resemble Platygramme caesiopruinosa (Fée) Fée or especially Platygramme reticulata (Fée) Fée , and both have an inspersed hymenium, too. However, the two genera are easily separated, as Platygramme has brownish ascospores reacting I+ reddish violet or reddish brown, not hyaline ascospores, reacting I+ bluish violet which is the case in Graphis . In addition, the unusual hymenial chemistry sets G. persicina apart.

Material from Thailand examined:— Trat province: Mueang district, near Ban Nam Chieo, in a ± disturbed mangrove forest with dominant Rhizophora apiculata , Rh. mucronata , Lumnitzera racemosa and Avicennia marina , 3 m, 12°10’25’’ N, 102°28’ 37’’ E, 3 m, 12°10’25’’ N, 102°28’37’’ E, 25 February 2011, K. Kalb, P. Mongkolsuk & M. Sodamuk s.n. (hb. K. Kalb 38876)— Chumphon province: Pathio district, tambon Chum Kho, in front of Ban Chum school, in a temple-tree plantation ( Plumeria rubra ), 10 m, 10°43’48’’ N, 99°19’20’’ E, 23 December 2007, J. Sutjaritturakan 0204, 0214, 0215, 0222, (hb. K. & J. Kalb 42441, 42437, 42440, 42439,); dito, Lamae district, tambon Suan Taeng, in the area of the car park at Khaoplu forest, in a plantation of yellow flametree ( Peltophorum pterocarpum ), 10 m, 09°43’27’’ N, 99°06’22’’ E, 31 August 2009, J. Sutjaritturakan 1384 & R. Nokkhao, (hb. K. & J. Kalb 42431); dito, in a coastal coniferous forest, on bark of an unidentified tree, 3 m, 09°43’ N, 99°09’ E, 4 April 2012, K. Kalb, P. Mongkolsuk & M. Sodamuk s.n. (hb. K. Kalb 39075, 39076); dito, tambon Thung Luang, surroundings of Tham Khao Plu hot springs, on bark of an unidentified tree, in a reforestation, 4 m, 09°43’27’’ N, 99°06’22’’ E, 31 August 2009, J. Sutjaritturakan 1281, 1285, 1301 & R. Nokkhao, (hb. K. & J. Kalb 42435, 42430, 42432).

Figures

FIGURE 7. A. Graphis omiana (scale = 0.5 mm); B. Graphis persicina (scale = 0.5 mm); C. Graphis pinicola (scale = 0.5 mm); D. Graphis plumierae (scale = 0.5 mm); E. Graphis prunicola (scale = 0.8 mm); F. Graphis schroederi (scale = 1 mm); G. Graphis subducta (scale = 0.6 mm); H. Graphis subhiascens (scale = 1.2 mm).