Euploca humilis (L.) Feuillet, 2016

Feuillet, Christian, 2016, Two new combinations in Euploca Nutt. (Heliotropiaceae, Boraginales) and a conspectus of the species of the Guiana Shield area, PhytoKeys 61, pp. 101-124 : 105-106

Euploca humilis (L.) Feuillet comb. nov.

Tournefortia humilis L., Sp. Pl. 1: 141. 1753. Type. " Tournefortia foliis lanceolatis " in Plumier in Burman, Pl. Amer., 224, t. 227, f. 2, 1760 [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/779658] (lectotype designated by Miller in Cafferty and Jarvis 2004: 804). Epitype: France. Martinique: Case Pilote, Feb 1868, L. Hahn 416 (designated, by Miller in Cafferty and Jarvis 2004, 804: BM n.v.)).

Heliotropium ternatum Vahl, Symb. Bot. 3:21. 1794.

Euploca humilis Type. [Jamaica], " in India occidentali " (holotype C n.v. [scan!; microfiche 37: I, 3; photo GH!]).

Heliotropium hirtum Lehm., Neue Schriften Naturf. Ges. Halle 3(2): 10. 1817. Type. Venezuela. Cumana, Humboldt and Bonpland s.n. (lectotype, designated by Förther 1998, pg. 199: B-WILLD 3247!; isotypes MEL 233292 n.v., P! [scan!], P-Bonpl! [scan!]) [same type collection as Heliotropium hispidum Kunth (see below), but a different holotype].

Heliotropium demissum Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed 15bis 4: 37. 1819. Type. nom. illeg. renaming of Tournefortia humilis L.

Heliotropium humile (L.) R.Br. ex Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed 15bis 4: 37. 1819; non Lam. 1791.

Euploca humilis Type. nom. illeg. in syn. of previous.

Heliotropium hispidum Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 3: 87. 1818; illeg. not Lehm. 1817. Type. Venezuela. near Cumana, Sep, Humboldt and Bonpland s.n. (holotype P-Bonpl! [scan!]; isotypes B-WILLD 3247!, MEL 233292 n.v., P! [scan!]) [same type collection as Heliotropium hirtum Lehm. (see above), but a different holotype].

Pioctonon ternatum (Vahl) Raf., Sylva Tellur.: 88. 1838. Type. Based on Heliotropium ternatum Vahl

Pioctonon antillanum Raf., Sylva Tellur. 88. 1838. Type. nom. illeg. renaming of Tournefortia humilis L.

Tournefortia incana (G.Mey.) G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 368. 1838; non Lam. 1791. Type. Based on Messerschmidia incana G.Mey.; nom. inval.

Tournefortia meyeri DC., Prodr. 9: 530. 1845. Type. Renaming of Messerschmidia incana G. Mey.; nom. inval.

Heliotropium fruticosum var. ternatum (Vahl) DC., Prodr. 9: 542. 1845. Type. Based on Heliotropium ternatum Vahl

Heliotropium oaxacanum DC., Prodr. 9: 543. 1845.

Euploca humilis Type. Mexico. Oaxaca, Aug 1834, Andrieux 205 (holotype G-DC!; isotypes FI-W n.v. [fragment GH n.v.], P!, W n.v.).

Heliophytum passerinoides Klotzsch, in Rich. Schomburgk, Reis. Br.-Guiana 3: 1152. 1849 [ “1848”]; nom. nud.

Euploca humilis Type. Based on Guyana. Rupununi: May 1842, Schomburgk 573 (B†).

Schleidenia hispida (Kunth) Fresen., Fl. Bras. 8(1): 37. 1857. Type. Based on Heliotropium hispidum Kunth

Schleidenia fumana Fresen., in Mart.: Fl. Bras. 8, 1: 40. 1857.

Euploca humilis Syntype. Brazil. Minas Gerais, Vauthier s.n. (G n.v.). Type: Brazil. "ad Formigas et Ribeirao Catinga", Pohl 565 (= 3081 bzw. distr. nr. 1588) (lectotype, designated by Förther 1998, pg. 235: W n.v., photo MSB-55474; isotypes B† [photo F-17322, GH!, NY!, US!], F-874797 n.v. [scan!], GH, K!, M n.v., [as s.n.] W n.v.).

Heliotropium fumana (Fresen.) Gürke, in Engler and Prantl: Nat. Pflanzenf. 4, Abt. 3a: 97. 1893. Type. Based on Schleidenia fumana Fresen.

Heliotropium mexicanum Greenm., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33(25): 484. 1898; illegitimate: not Sessé & Moç. 1888.

Euploca humilis Syntypes: Mexico. Dugès s.n.; Pelmer 31, 98; L.C. Smith 209, 391; Alvarez 750; Pringle 672 6. Type. Mexico. Iron Mtn, near Durando, June 1897, Palmer 141 (lectotype, designated by Frohlich 1981, pg. 100: GH n.v.; isotypes BM n.v., F n.v., M n.v., MICH n.v. [scan!], MO!, NY!, S n.v., US!).

Heliotropium strictissimum sensu N.E. Br. 1901; not A. DC. 1845.

Heliotropium ternatum var. fumana (Fresen.) I.M.Johnst., J. Arnold Arb. 16:62. 1935. Type. Based on Schleidenia fumana Fresen.

Heliotropium greenmanii Wiggins, Contr. Dudley Herb. 4:22. 1950. Type. Based on Heliotropium mexicanum Greenm.

Euploca ternata (Vahl) J.I.M.Melo & Semir, Kew Bull. 64: 289. 2009. Type. Based on Heliotropium ternatum Vahl

Type.

Based on Tournefortia humilis L.

Description.

Suffrutescent herbs up to 30 cm tall; stems stiff, erect or decumbent, 10-50 cm long, with abundant, loosely appressed trichomes. Leaves: petiole subnul-2 mm long, thin; lamina lanceolate to linear, revolute, 0.5-3 × 0.1-0.8 cm, apex acute, base acute, margin +/- revolute, adaxially sericeous, abaxially tomentose, trichomes base very large and looking calcified. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, up to 20 cm long, stiff scorpioid cymes, single, peduncle 1-2 cm long, with scattered linear or narrowly elliptic bracts, 2-3 mm long, sericeous. Flower subsessile: pedicel 0.5-1 mm long, calyx 2-3 mm long, deeply lobed, lobes unequal, shorter than 1/2 the length of the corolla tube, becoming twice as large at maturity, sericeous in and out; corolla white, strigose outside, tube narrow, 2-2.7 mm long, throat yellow, lobes spreading, 1.3-2 mm long, ovate, sinuses rounded and plicate; stamens subsessile, anthers ovate with short, obtuse, hairy, apical long appendages which are apically joined; ovary globose, 0.3-0.4 mm diam., glabrous; style short but obvious, about 0.5 mm long; stigma about as large as the ovary, split at apex. Fruit depressed globose, 4-lobed, 1.5-1.8 mm diam., strigose or hirsute; nutlets 1-1.5 mm long.

Distribution.

Venezuela ( Bolívar) and Guyana; also Central America, Mexico, and the West Indies Southward to southern Brazil.

Selected specimens studied.

Guyana: Potaro-Siparuni, Iwokrama, Kurupukari Falls, 4°40'N, 58°40'W, 100 m, 9 Dec 1994, Mutchnick 595 (BRG, CAY, L, MO, NY, US); Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo, near Sand Creek, Baboon Hill, 3°00'N, 59°31'W, 120-150 m, 21 June 1989, Gillespie 1801 (BRG, CAY, L, MO, US); near Sand Creek, Sep 1948, Wilson-Browne 128 (NY).