Alburnus carianorum, Freyhof & Kaya & Bayçelebi & Geiger & Turan, 2018

Freyhof, Jörg, Kaya, Cüneyt, Bayçelebi, Esra, Geiger, Matthias & Turan, Davut, 2018, Generic assignment of Leuciscus kurui Bogutskaya from the upper Tigris drainage, and a replacement name for Alburnus kurui Mangit & Yerli (Teleostei: Leuciscidae), Zootaxa 4410 (1), pp. 113-135 : 124-126

Alburnus carianorum , new replacement name

Fig. 10

Alburnus kurui Mangit & Yerli, 2018

Material examined. FFR 04618, 59, 30– 92 mm SL; Turkey: Muğla prov.: Dalaman River north of Dalaman , 36.815, 28.802.— FSJF 1927 , 2 , 49–51 mm SL; Turkey: Aydın prov.: Büyük Menderes River south of Aydin, 37.783, 27.839.— FSJF 2345 , 26 , 31–84 mm SL; Turkey: Muğla prov.: Dalaman River south of Ortaca , 36.813, 28.798.— FSJF 2565 , 2 , 63–64 mm SL; Turkey: Aydın prov.: stream Çine south of Aydın, 37.762, 27.8356.— FSJF 2580 , 22 , 50–73 mm SL; Turkey: Aydın prov.: stream Çine south of Eskiçine , 37.543, 28.063 .

Diagnosis. Alburnus carianorum is related to A. demiri from the Tahtalı River drainage and a spring at Zeytinköy ( Mangit & Yerli 2018). Alburnus carianorum is distinguished from A. demiri by having fewer branched anal-fin rays (11–13½ vs. 13–14½), fewer scales in the lateral line (40–47 vs. 46–49), less scale rows between the lateral line and the dorsal-fin origin (6–8, vs. 9) and fewer gill rakers on the first gill arch (15–19 vs. 18–21). Alburnus carianorum has a more slenderer caudal peduncle than A. demiri (8.9–10.5% SL vs.10.5–11.1). Alburnus carianorum is distinguished from A. escherichii from the adjacent Sakarya River drainage and from A. nasreddini from the adjacent Eber, Akşehir and Ilgın Lake basins by having more gill rakers (15–19, mode 18 vs. 12–16, mode 13 in A. escherichii , 13–14, mode 13 in A. nasreddini ), less scales in the lateral line (40–47 vs. 45–53 in A escherichii , 45–51 in A. nasreddini ) and less scale rows between the lateral line and the dorsal-fin origin (6–8 vs. 8–10).

Description. See Figure 10 for general appearance and Table 4 for morphometric data of 30 individuals from River Dalaman. Medium sized, moderately deep and compressed body. Dorsal body profile convex, ventral profile more convex than dorsal profile. No hump at nape. Head short, its upper profile straight at interorbital area, slightly convex at nostrils. Snout short, its length smaller than eye diameter, with slightly round tip. Mouth oblique, lower jaw slightly projecting beyond upper jaw, with slightly developed chin. Eye diameter about equal to interorbital distance. Caudal-peduncle depth 1.7–2.3 times in its length.

Lateral line complete, reaching caudal-fin base, with totally 40 (1), 41 (7), 42 (3), 43 (6), 44 (4), 45 (5), 46 (2) and 47 (2) scales. 6 (3), 7 (8) and 8 (19) scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line, 3 (2), 4 (26) and 5 (2) scale rows between anal-fin origin and lateral line. Dorsal fin with three simple and 7½ (1) and 8½ (29) branched rays, outer margin straight. Anal fin with 3 simple and 11½ (1), 12½ (21) and 13½ (8) branched rays, outer margin slightly convex. Pectoral fin with one simple 13 (13), 14 (14), 15 (2) and 16 (1) branched rays, outer margin slightly convex. Pelvic fin with one simple and 7 (2) and 8 (28) branched rays, outer margin slightly convex. Pharyngeal teeth in two rows, 2.5–5.2 or 2.4–5.2, serrated, hooked at tip. Ventral keel prominent, exposed for 2–8 scales in front of anus. 15 (1), 16 (3), 17 (2), 18 (3) and 19 (1) gill rakers on first gill arch. Numerous small tubercles on head in adult males.

Coloration. Body silvery in life with greenish-grey back and hyaline fins. Yellowish-brown back and upper part of flank, pale yellowish on lower flank and belly. An indistinct dark-grey stripe along lateral midline from eye to caudal-fin base in life, very prominent in preserved individuals. Fins yellowish or hyaline.

Etymology. Named for the Carians, the inhabitants of the ancient province of Caria in the southern Anatolian Aegean basin. A noun in the genitive case.

Distribution. Lower Dalaman and Büyük Menderes River drainages in the Turkish Aegean Sea basin. While in their molecular tree, Mangit & Yerli (2018) identified the Alburnus from the Büyük Menderes River as A. kurui (here A. carianorum ), in the distribution map (Supplementary Material 4 Distribution maps), they refer this population to A. demiri , which we assume is a lapsus in their study.

Remarks. The name-bearing type (the holotype of Alburnus kurui Mangit & Yerli, 2018 ) becomes the holotype of A. carianorum (ICZN Art. 72.7). Alburnus carianorum is only distantly related to A. kurui and its relatives (6.8% nearest neighbor K2P distance; 7.2% K2P distance to A. kurui ) and was therefore not included in the molecular analyses. Mangit & Yerli (2018) mention the occurrence of A. demiri in the Küçük Menderes River in Western Anatolia. Özuluğ & Freyhof (2007b) described A. demiri ( Fig. 11 ) from the Tahtali River and a spring at Zeytinköy. The Tahtali is an independent river flowing to the Aegean Sea north of the Küçük Menderes. The spring at Zeytinköy also does not belong to the Küçük Menderes River drainage while being not very far from the estuary of the Küçük Menderes. Despite considerable efforts we were not able to find any Alburnus in the Küçük Menderes River drainage and we are not aware of such findings. Additionally, there are no Alburnus from the Küçük Menderes River in ZMH either. The Küçük Menderes is massively affected by water abstraction and pollution and there are very few places with fish left at all. Mangit & Yerli (2018) provide no evidence for their claim that A. demiri is found in the Küçük Menderes River drainage and their studied material of A. demiri listed originates from the Tahtali River drainage and not from the Küçük Menderes (Supplementary Material 1 Alburnus COI data). We do not want to exclude that A. demiri occurs or occurred in the Küçük Menderes River drainage, but there is no documentation that it has been found there yet.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Alburnus carianorum, FSJF 2345, about 75 mm SL; Turkey: Dalaman River at Ortaca.

FIGURE 11. Alburnus demiri, ZMB 33769, paratype, 88 mm SL; Turkey: stream Tahtali.