Pollicaria crossei (Dautzenberg and ďHamonville , 1887)

Kongim, Bangon, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Naggs, Fred & Panha, Somsak, 2013, Taxonomic revision of the Elephant Pupinid snail genus Pollicaria Gould, 1856 (Prosobranchia, Pupinidae), ZooKeys 287, pp. 19-40 : 36

Pollicaria crossei (Dautzenberg and ďHamonville, 1887) Figs 5F, G 6F Tables 1 2

Hybocystis crossei Dautzenberg and ďHamonville, 1887: 220, pl. 8, fig. 4. Type locality: Than Moi, Tonkin. Kobelt and Möllendorff 1899: 137. Kobelt 1902: 290.

Pollicaria crossei -Kobelt, 1902: 290.

Material examined.

Single specimens of the syntype deposited in MNHN, the figured specimen in original publication is designated here as the lectotype of Hybocystis crossei Dautzenberg and ďHamonville, 1887 MNHN 21304 ( Fig. 5F ), and paralectotype RBINS 525390 (3 shells; the biggest one excluded). Cuc Phuong National Park, Ninh Binh, Vietnam: CUMZ 1521, 1522, 1588 ( Fig. 5G ), 1593. Hulien Nature reserve, Vietnam: CUMZ 1590.

Description.

Shell: Shell small, pupoid, bright orange. Periostracum thin, corneous; shell surface smooth. Whorls 5-6; sutures moderately impressed; apex obtuse; spire short. Last whorl large about two-thirds of shell height, distorted and flattened in front, ventrally rounded. Aperture rounded, with shallow to absent posterior angled groove. Peristome continuous, with thin parietal declining shoulder internally. Lip thickened, little expanded and duplicated; umbilicus narrow. Operculum thick, calcareous, concentric.

Radula: Taenioglossate radula, teeth arrangement with central, lateral and marginal teeth similar in shape to Pollicaria myersii .

Distribution.

The previous records of Pollicaria crossei was from Than-Moi, Tonkin and Cuc Phuong National Park, Ninh Binh, Vietnam ( Dautzenberg and ďHamonville 1887, Vermeulen and Maassen 2003).

Remarks.

Pollicaria crossei has long been recognized as a subjective synonym of either Pollicaria rochebruni or Pollicaria gravida ( Kobelt 1902, Pain 1974). However, the relatively smaller bright orange shell with thick, brown periostracum of Pollicaria crossei are a combination of characters that distinguish it from Pollicaria rochebruni . The bright orange shell with flattened whorls and shallow sutures distinguish it from Pollicaria gravida ( Table 1 , Fig. 3A ). Moreover, the karyotypic study of the smaller shell form of Pollicaria gravida sensu lato indicated a distinct species recognized as Pollicaria crossei (see Kongim et al. 2010).

Figures

Figure 3. General anatomy, genitalia and spermatophore of Pollicaria mouhoti mouhoti. A Right side of snail showing male genital organ B Left side of snail showing pallial cavity and circulatory system C Male genital organ D Female genital organ E Spermatophore from uterus.

Figure 5. Shell morphology of Pollicaria spp. A-C Pollicaria elephas A lectotype of Pollicaria elephas (MNHN 21309) B lectotype of Hybocystis jousseaumei Morgan, 1885 (MNHN 21308), and C specimen from Gunung Kenting, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia (CUMZ 1536) D, E Pollicaria rochebruni D lectotype (MNHN 21305), and E specimen from Phuong Nga National Park, Vietnam (CUMZ 1568) F, G Pollicaria crossei, F lectotype (MNHN 21304), and G specimen from Cuc Phuong National Park, Vietnam (CUMZ 1588).

Figure 6. Radular morphology of Pollicaria spp. A Pollicaria myersii from Pahom, Vang Vieng, Laos (CUMZ 1572) B Pollicaria mouhoti mouhoti from Tam Wungdang, Phitsanulok (CUMZ 1533) C Pollicaria mouhoti monochroma ssp. n. from the type locality (paratype CUMZ 1548) D Pollicaria elephas from Gunung Kenting, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia (CUMZ 1536) E Pollicaria rochebruni from Phuong Nga National Park, Vietnam (CUMZ 1568) F Pollicaria crossei from Cuc Phuong National Park, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam (CUMZ 1588). Numbers indicated order of lateral and marginal teeth. Central tooth indicated by ' C '.