Andrena (Avandrena)

WOOD, T. J., 2024, Further revisions to the Palaearctic Andrena fauna (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae), Zootaxa 5483 (1), pp. 1-150 : 22-25

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5483.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AF0272DB-5588-411D-9EAE-DED4785BF170
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13312470
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/612B87FC-AC4C-4363-0B83-F8E98BF904C2
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Andrena (Avandrena)
status

Treatment

Key to Andrena (Avandrena) females

Note, the female of A. gavia View in CoL is unknown, and is therefore not included in the key. Care should be taken in central Spain to ensure that material conforms to A. liturata View in CoL ; if the tergal margins are strongly depressed, it is likely that it belongs to A. gavia View in CoL , but this should be established. For additional illustrations of A. erodiorum and A. juliae , see Wood & Ortiz-Sánchez (2022) and Wood (2023b).

1. Posterior face of the hind femur with a row of long apically pointed spines, clearly distinct against whatever hairs may be present............................................................................................. 2

- Posterior face of the hind femur without spines, with only scattered hairs........................................ 8

2. Face with entirely black pubescence, mesosoma with abundant black hairs....................................... 3

- Face never with entirely black pubescence, with at least some pale hairs medially ( Figures 1C View FIGURE 1 ; 4C View FIGURE 4 ; 13A; C; E; F View FIGURE 13 ), mesosoma without abundant black hairs, mesepisternum predominantly pale-haired ( Figure 4A View FIGURE 4 ; avara View in CoL -group).................... 4

3. Process of the labrum very narrow, triangular with a pointed apex. Posterior face of hind femur with 4–6 spines....................................... panurgina De Steffani View in CoL ( Portugal, Spain, France, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Italy, Greece)

- Process of the labrum broad, rounded rectangular, 4 times wider than long. Posterior face of hind femur with 9–12 spines............................................................................. heterodoxa Pérez View in CoL ( Italy: Sicily)

The condition of specimens is critical in identifying members of the avara View in CoL -group, since many characters are based on pubescence characters. Particular care should be taken with abraded specimens or specimens with matted hairs.

4. Terga with strongly developed apical hairbands, hairbands exceeding length of marginal areas, obscuring underlying surface ( Figure 13B View FIGURE 13 ); tergal discs with short pale hairs, intermixing with apical hairbands. Facial foveae relatively long, ventrally extending to below level of antennal insertions. Terminal fringe golden-orange.. eureka Warncke View in CoL (south-western Morocco)

- Terga with comparatively more weakly developed hairbands, hairbands either not exceeding length of marginal areas or weak and not obscuring underlying surface (beware abraded specimens; Figures 4F View FIGURE 4 ; 13D; F; H View FIGURE 13 ), tergal discs with sparse and scattered hairs, not intermixing with apical hairbands. Facial foveae shorter, terminating at or above level of antennal insertions. Terminal fringe orange-brown to brown........................................................................... 5

5. Tergal margins strongly depressed, most abruptly so on T3–4, forming a clear step with tergal discs AND tergal discs with clearly visible punctures that contrast the underlying surface ( Figure 4F View FIGURE 4 ). Margins of T3–4 with loose hairband occupying entire width of margin, hairs not obscuring underlying surface, apical extent of hairbands slightly but distinctly exceeding apex of marginal areas.............................................. baldocki spec. nov. (southern Spain and Portugal)

- Tergal margins either not strongly depressed ( Figures 1D View FIGURE 1 ; 13F; H View FIGURE 13 ), or if depressed then tergal discs obscurely punctate, punctures small, weak, and disappearing into underlying microsculpture ( Figure 13D View FIGURE 13 ). Margins of T3–4 with hairbands of a different form, either shorter (occupying a smaller proportion of the marginal area) or weaker........................ 6

6. Tergal margins comparatively strongly depressed, most visible on T3–4, forming a clear step with tergal discs ( Figure 13D View FIGURE 13 ). Margins of T2–4 with apical hairbands well-developed, short but dense and obscuring underlying surface....................................................................... caligata Warncke View in CoL ( Tunisia, Libya, Italy: Sicily, Israel *)

- Tergal margins weakly depressed, not forming clear step with tergal discs ( Figures 1D View FIGURE 1 ; 13F; H View FIGURE 13 ). Margins of T2–4 with apical hairbands weakly developed, long or short but not obscuring underlying surface................................... 7

7. Pubescence dark, face with abundant black and dark brown hairs, with pale hairs restricted to area around antennal insertions ( Figures 1C View FIGURE 1 ; 13E View FIGURE 13 ). Terga with light brown to brown pubescence, T2–4 with narrow apical hairbands, apical extent of hairbands not or only slightly exceeding apex of marginal areas, T2–4 with apical rims narrowly lightened hyaline-brown ( Figures 1D View FIGURE 1 ; 13F View FIGURE 13 )..................................................... avara Warncke View in CoL (southern Spain, northern Morocco)

- Pubescence bright, face with whitish pubescence medially, black hairs restricted to the inner margins of the compound eyes ( Figure 13G View FIGURE 13 ). Terga with pale pubescence, T2–4 with long apical hairbands, apical extent of hairbands clearly exceeding apex of marginal areas, T2–4 with apical rims more broadly lightened hyaline-yellow ( Figure 13H View FIGURE 13 )............................................................................................... liturata Warncke View in CoL ( Spain and France)

8. Mesepisternum entirely black-haired ( Figures 6A View FIGURE 6 ; 8B; D View FIGURE 8 ). Process of the labrum narrow (quadrate, slightly wider than long) with deep emargination medially........................................................................ 9

- Mesepisternum never entirely black-haired, usually with abundant pale hairs, at most with 60–70% of hairs black ( Figure 9A View FIGURE 9 ). Process of the labrum variable, usually several times broader than long......................................... 10

9. Clypeus with shallow but large, round, and clearly visible punctures ( Figure 6A View FIGURE 6 ). Scutum uniformly shagreened and dull ( Figure 6F View FIGURE 6 ). Terminal fringe dark brown. Slightly larger, 7–8 mm ......................................................................................... canohirta (Friese) View in CoL (North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece, western Turkey)

- Clypeus with obscure and latitudinally compressed punctures, disappearing into underlying sculpture of clypeus ( Figure 6C View FIGURE 6 ). Scutum laterally shagreened, becoming polished and shining medially ( Figure 6E View FIGURE 6 ). Terminal fringe golden-brown ( Figure 6B View FIGURE 6 ). Slightly smaller, 7 mm ............................................................ collisa spec. nov. ( Cyprus)

10. Small, 7–7.5 mm. Process of the labrum narrowly triangular. Associated with Euphorbia View in CoL ( Euphorbiaceae View in CoL ).................................................................................. euphorbiae Pisanty ( Israel & Lebanon *)

- Larger, usually clearly in excess of 8 mm. Process of the labrum more or less rounded rectangular, with or without median indentation, never narrowly triangular. Not associated with Euphorbia View in CoL .......................................... 11

11. Mesepisternum predominantly dark-haired, at least 50% of hairs black. Pronotum laterally with deep longitudinal shining impression in ventral half ( Figure 11D View FIGURE 11 ). Fore margin of the clypeus upturned............................................................................................. melacana Warncke View in CoL ( Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya)

- Mesepisternum predominantly pale-haired, usually with no more than 30% of hairs black. Pronotum with or without ( Figure 9C View FIGURE 9 ) a longitudinal shining impression; if mesepisternum with abundant black hairs, then never with a longitudinal impression on the pronotum. Fore margin of the clypeus not upturned................................................... 12

12. Western species, present in Spain. Pronotum rounded, without a humeral angle, at most with hints of an angulation dorsolaterally but this does not descend and form a longitudinal angle ( Figure 9C View FIGURE 9 ). Dorsal surface of propodeum with weak to strong sculpture, in some species with distinctly raised network of raised rugosity.............................................. 13

- Eastern species, present in Libya, Turkey, or Israel. Pronotum laterally with a distinct humeral angle. Dorsal surface of propodeum entirely microreticulate, without strong or weak raised network of reticulation.......................... 15

13. Dorsolateral parts of propodeum and propodeal triangle with fine granular reticulation, without any rugosity ( Figure 9E View FIGURE 9 )........................ melacanoides spec. nov. (southern Spain: Cádiz and Granada, probably also Albacete & Málaga).

- Dorsolateral parts of propodeum and propodeal triangle with raised sculpture, either forming an interlinked network of raised rugae or more irregular pattern of raised rugosity........................................................... 14

14. Propodeum (including propodeal triangle) and mesepisternum with strongly produced but fine interlinked network of raised rugae. Facial foveae occupying ¾ of space between the compound eye and lateral ocellus.Apical fringe of T5 and hairs flanking pygidial plate golden-brown...................... erodiorum Wood & Ortiz-Sánchez (south-eastern Spain: Albacete)

- Propodeum with fine granular reticulation, with weak network of raised rugosity, propodeal triangle slightly depressed, basal ⅔ with raised longitudinal rugae. Facial foveae occupying ½ space between the compound eye and a lateral ocellus. Apical fringe of T5 and hairs flanking pygidial plate dark brown......................... juliae Wood (south-western Spain: Cádiz)

15. Scutum and scutellum (particularly scutellum) with weak shagreen, more or less smooth and shining between punctures. Tibial scopae composed of uniformly golden weakly plumose hairs. Clypeus with an impunctate longitudinal mid-line....................................................................... caudata Warncke View in CoL (south-western Turkey, Israel)

- Scutum and scutellum shagreened, at most weakly shining between punctures. Tibial scopae composed of simple hairs, dorsally dark brown, ventrally white. Clypeus uniformly punctate............ ochropa Warncke View in CoL (north-eastern Libya: Cyrenaica)