Carabus nemoralis nemoralis Mueller , 1764

Bousquet, Yves, 2012, Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico, ZooKeys 245, pp. 1-1722 : 192

Carabus nemoralis nemoralis Mueller, 1764

Carabus nemoralis O.F. Müller, 1764: 21. Type locality: Frederiksdal [Sjaelland, Denmark] (inferred from title of the book). Syntype(s) lost.

Carabus nemoralis var. canadensis Lapouge, 1908a: 19 [primary homonym of Carabus canadensis LeConte, 1853]. Type locality: "Terre-Neuve et New Brunswick" (original citation). Syntype(s) location unknown. Synonymy established by Breuning (1933a: 667). Note. The specimen from "France: Ardèche” in MHNP designated as lectotype of this taxon by Toulgoët (1976: 32) is certainly not a syntype since the taxon was described from specimens collected in Newfoundland and New Brunswick.

Distribution.

This European subspecies is adventive in North America where it is found from Newfoundland (Lindroth 1955a: 27) to central Minnesota (Crow Wing County, CNC), south to northeastern Virginia (Falls Church, UASM) in the east, and from the Queen Charlotte Islands (Kavanaugh 1992: 51) to central Alberta (Lindroth 1961a: 37), south to southeastern Wyoming (Burne 1989: 290), northern Utah (Salt Lake County, CMNH), and central California (Lindroth 1961a: 37); seemingly isolated in the Saskatoon area, Saskatchewan (Ronald R. Hooper pers. comm. 1990). The first inventoried specimens collected on this continent was found in New Brunswick in 1890 (Horn 1892d: 61) and on the west coast around 1909 in Seattle, Washington (Hatch 1933c: 117). The date of 1870 listed by Lindroth (1961a: 37) for the first occurrence of this species on the continent is probably a lapsus for 1890. The species was also intentionally introduced in New England as predators of gypsy moths prior to 1911 (Smith 1959: 9).

Records.

CAN: AB, BC (QCI, VCI), NB, NF, NS, ON, PE, QC, SK USA: CA, CT, DE, ID, IL, IN, MA, ME, MI, MN, MT, NH, NJ, NV, NY, OH, OR, PA, RI, SD, UT, VA, VT, WA, WI, WY - Adventive