Riekoleon rudda (New, 1985)

Machado, Renato Jose Pires & Oswald, John David, 2020, Morphological phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the former antlion subtribe Periclystina (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Dendroleontinae), Zootaxa 4796 (1), pp. 1-322 : 308-311

Riekoleon rudda (New, 1985) , new combination

( Figs. 162 , 165–166 )

http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ 403A3264-34A2-4DC5-9CBA-08FA475EFC29

Glenoleon rudda New, 1985b:46 (OD); New 1996:83 (cat); Stange 2004:105 (cat); Oswald 2018 (cat).

Diagnosis. Forewing: first fork of RP in proximal half of wing, dark mediocubital line interrupted (not continuous); hind wing rhegmal area with a small brown infuscation; tibial spurs present; male ectoproct with ventral margin straight; female posterior gonapophysis longer than wide; female anterior gonapophysis a small plate.

Description. Lengths: forewing: 24–32 mm; hind wing: 21–29 mm.

Head ( Figs. 165 a–b): Labrum pale, with a line of elongate setae. Clypeus pale, with elongate black setae. Frons with ventral half pale but dorsal half black; beset with short white setae. Gena pale. Vertex raised; in anterior view pale, with a dorsal black line; in dorsal view mostly black except for some small pale areas posteriorly; set with short black setae. Ocular setae absent. Antennae clubbed; elongate,> 2x length of pronotum; distance between antennae wider than scape width; most flagellomeres black with distal half pale, two or three subapical flagellomeres entirely pale, apical flagellomeres entirely black, torular membrane yellow; flagellomeres almost as long as wide at base, apical ones much wider than long; all segments set with short black setae. Mandibles pale with tip dark brown. Palpi, maxillary and labial with basal segment black but remaining areas pale, apical labial palpomere fusiform, palpimacula opening oval-shaped, located medially.

Thorax ( Fig. 165b ): Pronotum slightly longer than wide; posterior margin as wide as anterior; subapical furrow present in some specimens; mostly black with two thin pale longitudinal bands around central region and two small- er ones near border; covered with short black setae. Mesonotum mostly black, with small longitudinal pale lines around segments central area, some specimens with two small pale spots near wing bases, covered with short black setae. Metanotum entirely black, with some pale marks on anterior margin in some specimens, covered with short black setae. Pterothoracic pleura with dorsal segments black, but ventral segments mostly pale, with some black marks, mainly on dorsal margin; covered with short white setae and few short black setae. Miller’s organ present.

Wings ( Fig. 165c ): Rather narrow with tip acute; anterior Banksian line present in both wings, posterior absent; veins set with short black setae, in general black, but the main longitudinal veins are intercalated by numerous short white regions. Male pilula axillaris present. Forewing membrane mostly hyaline with small brown marks generally concentrated on posterior margin and tip, and a longitudinal brown line on mediocubital area and costal area base; CuA fork located between RP origin and first fork; four presectoral crossveins, distal crossvein with a medial veinlet connecting with RP; costal area large, with few subcostal veinlets forked; posterior area narrower than prefork area. Hind wing membrane mostly hyaline except for rhegmal region brown infuscated; MP fork located between RP origin and first fork; subcostal veinlets mostly simple but few distal ones forked; one presectoral crossvein.

Legs ( Figs. 165 a–b): All pairs of legs, femur elongate (> 2.5x length of coxa); tibia as long as femur but longer than tarsi; tibial spurs surpassing T1 apex; T2, T3 and T4 about same size, T1 slightly longer than T2, T5 about twice as long as T1; claws about half of T5 length; coxa, trochanter, and femur set with short white setae; femur, tibia and tarsi set with short black setae, and scattered long black setae, femur and tibia with few long white setae; T5 ventrally with two rows of thick, long, black setae. Proleg sense hair absent; femur tip and tibia base slightly enlarged; tibia with antennal cleaning setae ventroapically; coxa, tibia and tarsi entirely black; trochanter pale; femur mostly black with basal half of ventral and internal surfaces pale. Mesoleg colour pattern very similar to proleg, except coxa pale, and femur pale areas (larger in some specimens). Metaleg femur, tibia and T1 slightly longer than in other legs; coxa, trochanter, T1, most of femur and tibia (except apex) pale, remaining areas black.

Abdomen: Mostly black, with scattered yellow marks generally on sternites; ectoproct pale with tip black; beset with short white setae.

Male Terminalia ( Figs. 166 a–c): Ectoproct ventral margin straight and slightly longer than dorsal margin in lateral view; set with elongate black setae. 9 th sternite with posterior border straight in ventral view; with some black setae. Gonarcus broad and arched, with medial region less sclerotized in posterior view; anterior margin elongated and rounded. Mediuncus absent. Paramere large, with tip elongate, rounded, and curving inwards in posterior view.

Female Terminalia ( Figs. 166 d–e): Ectoproct posterior margin rounded, set with long black setae. Lateral gonapophyses rounded, shorter than ectoproct, beset with long black setae. 7 th sternite elongate, with distal border rounded in ventral view; covered with short setae. Pregenital plate relatively small, shaped as upside down “U” in ventral view. Posterior gonapophyses broad, elongate, beset with very long black setae and a large group of cavisetae at apex, and some small thickened black setae on internal margin. 9 th tergite with a membranous digitiform process. Anterior gonapophyses very small, a minute sclerotized plate, covered with short setae. Ventral membrane gonapophyseal plates present and connected basally by a short transverse bar.

Distribution ( Fig. 162 ). Australia: ACT, NSW*, QLD*, WA*. Known from scattered records in southeastern Queensland and eastern New South Wales, with outliers in Western Australia.

Adult activity period. Records for October to May.

Biology. Unknown, larva unknown.

Name-bearing type. Glenoleon rudda : Holotype (by original designation), female, ANIC, examined. Type locality: Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra (city). From original description: “Types / Holotype, ♀, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, 19.xii.1957, E. F. Riek ( ANIC)”. Condition: good, terminalia dissected.

Additional material examined (48♂, 62♀, 8?). AUSTRALIA: ACT: Black Mountain : ii–iii.1967, light trap (1♂, ANIC) ; Canberra : i.1952 (1♀, PT ANIC) ; ii.1952 (1♀, PT ANIC) ; i.1955 (1♀, SAMA) ; ii.1957 (1♀, 1♂, PT ANIC) ; ii.1957 (1♂, PT ANIC) ; i.1960 (1♀, PT ANIC) ; ii.1960 (11♀, 11♂, PT ANIC, 1♂, FSCA) ; i.1961 (2♀, 1♂, PT ANIC) ; ii.1961 (3♀, PT ANIC) ; ii.1963 (9♀, 4♂, PT ANIC, 1♀, FSCA) ; iii.1963 (4♀, 4♂, PT ANIC) ; i.1966 (4♀, 5♂, PT ANIC) ; New South Wales: 8 km S of Mendooran , 31 o 53’S– 149 o 03’E , 12.ii.1992, G. Daniels & C.J. Burwell (1♂, QMBA) ; Nombinnie Nature Reserve: 18 air km SSE Mount Hope , 160m, 32.99613 oS– 145.94006 oE ± 70m , 3.i.2013, M.V., Oswald, Diehl & Machado, Oswald #626 (10♂, 7♀, TAMU) ; Pillaga Scrub : 30:56S–149:23E , 10.ii.1997, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (1♀, AMSA) ; Queensland: Brisbane : (8?, QMBA) ; 2.ii.1925, H Hacker (1♀, QMBA) ; 6.xi.1926 (2♀, QMBA) ; 21.i.1927 (1♂, QMBA) ; 3.ii.1927 (1♀, ZMUC) ; 12.iii.1927 (1♂, ZMUC; 1♀, QMBA) ; 18.x.1927 (1♀, ZMUC) ; 1.xi.1930 (1♀, QMBA) ; 29.x.1936 (1♀, MVM) ; 40 km WNW of Goondiwindi , 17.xii.1983, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (1♀, AMSA) ; 17 km W of Miles , 11.xii.1990, T.A. Lambkin (1♂, QMBA) ; Millmerran : 12.xi.1987, at light, T.A. Lambkin (1♂, QMBA) ; Mount Coot-tha: Hilltoping , 27 o 29’S– 152 o 57’E , 10.v.1997, J.A. Skevington (1♀, QMBA) ; Nine Mile Creek : 14 km NNW of Miles , 24.i.1990, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (3♀, AMSA) ; Rocky Bar via Eldsvold : 18–19.i.1996, at light, K.J. Lambkin (2♀, QMBA) ; Western Australia: 1 km NE of Millstream , 21.35S– 117.04E , 6.xi.1970, Upton & Feehan (1♂, ANIC) ; 23.x.1970, J.C. Car- dale, at light (1♂, ANIC) ; iv.1971 (1♂, ANIC) ; Norseman : i.1966 (1♀, ANIC) .

Comments. Riekoleon rudda can easily be distinguished from other Riekoleon species by the colour pattern of its wings, the broad costal area of its forewing, and the general shape of its male and female terminalia. For phylogenetic relationships see Fig. 4 .

Figures

FIGURE 4. Strict consensus tree of morphology-based parsimony analysis of species belonging to the former subtribe Periclystina (ingroup, names in black), and outgroups (names in red). Former Glenoleon species are shown on blue branches, former Austrogymnocnemia species on green branches. Numbers above branches are Bremer support values; numbers below branches are bootstrap values (shown where>50%).

FIGURE 162. Distribution of Riekoleon species (part).

FIGURE 165. Riekoleon rudda: a) head, anterior; b) head and thorax, dorsal; c) wings, dorsal.

FIGURE 166. Riekoleon rudda: male: a) terminalia, lateral; b) genitalia, lateral; c) genitalia, posterior; female: d) terminalia, ventral (note pregenital plate hidden beneath sternite); e) terminalia, lateral. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.