Chvalaea sinclairi Barros & Ale-Rocha, 2019

Barros, Luana Machado, Soares, Matheus Mickael Mota, Freitas-Silva, Rafael Augusto Pinheiro De & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2019, Neotropical Chvalaea Papp & Földvári (Diptera: Hybotidae: Ocydromiinae): new records, an illustrated key to species and description of three new species, Zootaxa 4571 (3), pp. 347-362 : 359-360

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.3.3
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CE0B17D0-918E-4D18-AD39-A72E585F7038
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5935634
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DAD3AD4F-CB7C-4EA4-A90D-59DFC6B14EE6
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:DAD3AD4F-CB7C-4EA4-A90D-59DFC6B14EE6
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Chvalaea sinclairi Barros & Ale-Rocha
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Chvalaea sinclairi Barros & Ale-Rocha sp. nov.

( Figs 16 View FIGURES 15–18 , 20, 22 View FIGURES 19–22 , 33–36 View FIGURES 33–36 , 44 View FIGURES 43–44 , 52 View FIGURES 45–52 , 53 View FIGURE 53 )

Diagnosis. Antenna brown, postpedicel about 1.5 times length of scape and pedicel combined ( Fig. 22 View FIGURES 19–22 ). Scutum brown, paler anteriorly close to the postpronotal lobes ( Fig. 16 View FIGURES 15–18 ). Pleura yellow except laterotergite light brown. Wing with veins M 1 and M 4 reaching wing margin ( Fig. 52 View FIGURES 45–52 ). Hind femur slightly clavate, pale yellow on basal half and brown on apical half, only hind tarsomeres 3–5 with short, blunt, black spine-like ventral setae, lacking on tarsomere 2.

Description. Holotype male ( Fig. 44 View FIGURES 43–44 ). Body length: 4.41 mm. Wing length: 4.0 mm. Head. Frons narrow (at mid-length narrower than width of anterior ocellus), as long as 1/4 length of face. Antenna brown, postpedicel about 1.5 times length of scape and pedicel combined, with dense brown microtrichia and 1 short, thin dorsal seta near base ( Fig. 22 View FIGURES 19–22 ); stylus arista-like, about 1.5 times length of scape, pedicel and postpedicel combined; 1 pair of ocellar setae very short, proclinate. Proboscis brown and very short; palpus yellow covered with dense yellow microtrichia and 1 long, thin seta. Thorax. Pronotum brown. Scutum covered with yellow pruinosity, paler, slightly gray on pleura, brown, paler anteriorly close to postpronotal lobes; postalar callus and postpronotal lobes pale brown ( Fig. 16 View FIGURES 15–18 ). Pleura yellow except laterotergite light brown. Scutellum brown with 1 pair of long and thin convergent apical setae, and 1 thin short lateral seta. Mediotergite brown. Acrostichals and dorsocentrals uniserial, short, thin and sparse; notopleuron with 1 long, strong seta, with 10 short, slender setae; 2 anterior postalar setae very short, slender and 1 posterior postalar long and strong, subequal in length to notopleural seta. Wing. Gently brownish, pterostigma brown, elongate and narrow; cell dm slightly shorter than basal cells; cell cua slightly shorter than half cell bm; CuA+CuP not reaching wing margin; veins M 1 and M 4 reaching wing margin ( Fig. 52 View FIGURES 45–52 ). Legs. All coxae pale yellow; fore and mid femora pale brown, hind femur slightly clavate, pale yellow on basal half and brown on apical half; fore and mid tibiae pale brown, hind tibia brown; fore and mid tarsi pale brown, hind tarsus brown. Chaetotaxy: fore femur without highlighted setae, mid and hind femur each with 1 long, slender anterodorsal seta near apex; fore tibia with 1 long, thin ventral seta at mid-length; mid tibia with 1 long, strong dorsal seta near base, 2 anteroventrals on basal half and 2 anteroventrals on apical half; hind tibia with 2 anteroventral and 3 posteroventral setae. Fore tarsomere 1 with 2 ventral setae slightly stronger near base; mid tarsomere 1 with 1 dorsal seta near base; hind tarsomere 1 with 2 series of 3 anteroventral and 5 posteroventral elongate, black spine-like setae; hind tarsomeres 3–5 with short, blunt, black spine-like ventral setae, tarsomere 2 with spine-like setae. Abdomen. Black, slender, slightly curved upwards, sides almost parallel in lateral view. Holotype male terminalia ( Figs 33–36 View FIGURES 33–36 ): hypandrium broad, distal margin slightly rounded with 4 long setae near apex ( Fig. 33 View FIGURES 33–36 ); anterior margin of subepandrial sclerite with mid-length depth concavity and apical margin slightly concave ( Fig. 34 View FIGURES 33–36 ); hypoproct with apex truncate and lateral margin round, basal margin strongly concave ( Fig. 34 View FIGURES 33–36 ).

Female. Unknown.

Distribution. This species is known from Venezuela (Aragua) ( Fig. 53 View FIGURE 53 ).

Type material. HOLOTYPE GoogleMaps ♂, labelled: VENEZUELA, Aragua, Rancho Grande, Parque Nacional Henry Pittier GoogleMaps [10°22′52.5″N 67°37′07.1″W], iii.4.1967, Flight trap 1100 m. M.E. Irwin / Holotype, Chvalaea sinclairi Barros & Ale-Rocha [red label] ( CAS) . Holotype in good condition, left fore tarsus lost, terminalia dissected.

Etymology. The species is named after Dr. Bradley Sinclair, of the Canadian National Collection of Insects (Ottawa), for his contribution to the knowledge of the taxonomy and cladistics of Empidoidea.

Remarks. Chvalaea sinclairi sp. nov. is similar to C. amazonica in the color pattern of the scutum and pleura, and by absence of short, blunt, black spine-like ventral setae on fore and mid tarsi. The main differences between each species is the short postpedicel, the apical scutellar setae and the combination of blunt, black spine-like ventral setae on hind tarsomeres. The postpedicel in C. sinclairi sp. nov. is about 1.5 times the length of scape and pedicel combined, and the apical scutellar setae are short and thin, subequal in length to the lateral setae. Whereas in C. amazonica , the postpedicel is 2.5 times the length of the scape and pedicel combined and the apical scutellar setae are long and strong, about 3 times longer than the lateral scutellar setae. In C. sinclairi sp. nov., the short, blunt, black spine-like ventral setae on hind tarsomere 2 are absent and are present in C. amazonica . Additionally, in C. sinclairi sp. nov. the left epandrial lamella is twice longer than wide, and the left surstylus is shorter than half width of the left lamella, while in C. amazonica the left epandrial lamella is about as long as wide, and the left surstylus is as long as the basal width of the left epandrial lamella.