Stenaptinus javanus ( Dejean, 1825 )

Fedorenko, D. N., 2021, Stenaptinus (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Brachininae) of Vietnam. Note 2, Russian Entomological Journal 30 (1), pp. 25-42 : 28-30

1. Stenaptinus javanus ( Dejean, 1825)

Figs 9 , 19 , 27–28 , 59 , 67 , 74–76 .

Dejean, 1825: 305 ( Brachinus ; Java); Chaudoir, 1876: 18, 42 ( Pheropsophus ; part.); Andrewes, 1930: 273 (part.); 1933: 365; Louwerens, 1953: 318; Jedlička, 1964: 529 (part.); Habu, 1967: 291; 1984: 123 (part.); Darlington, 1968: 235; Hrdlička, 2017: 480 (part.).

MATERIAL. Syntype ♀ ( MNHN, digital images) with labels: ‘javanus . m/ h. in inf. Java’ [yellow label with handwritten text]; ‘ G. J. Arrow / vidit 1901’; ‘ Ex Musaeo / Chaudoir’ .

Additional material ( SIEE): ♂, S Vietnam, Dong Nai Province, ~ 90 km ENE of Saigon (N. Belyaeva) ; 4♂♂, 2♀♀, Lam Dong Province, 25 km NNW of Bao Loc, Loc Bao env., 11°44´18´´N / 107°42´08´´E, h= 800 m 5–20.IV.2013 (D. Fedorenko) ; ♀, Ha Tinh Province, Ke Go Nature Reserve, 18°06´30´´N / 106°01´E, env. Mui Tru Station , h= 40 m, 7–14.V.2015 (A. Abramov) ; ♂ ( MSPU) , Hanoi, 15.I.1962 (collector unknown) ; ♂, N Thailand, Chiang Rai Province, env. Mae Suai , 19°39´16´´N / 99°32´54´´E, h= 450 m, 10– 11.V.2013 (I. Melnik) ; 2♂♂, Bangkok, Rajitani villa, Ciong Liang , 14°41´N / 102°27´15´´E, at light, 20.XII.2007 – 10.I.2008 (A. Korshunov) ; ♂ ( SZM) : Nakhon Ratchasima Province (Korat), Saeng Sang, Lam Sae Dam , Tha Plan National Park , h= 250 m, 14°16´40´´N / 102°25´28.5´´E, 7– 8.06.2010 (A. Korshunov) ; ♀, Borneo, Sabah , 80 km W of Lahad Datu, 04°58´N / 117°48´24´´E, 17–20.IV.2012 (A. Kompantsev) .

Genitalia examined in all specimens but one female.

DIAGNOSIS. Elytra more or less parallel-sided. Head yellow, with Y-shaped patch; pronotum widely to narrowly black along sides because of yellow paramedian spots being narrow or wide, respectively ( Figs 74–76 ); elytral transverse band narrow and strongly dentate. Female tergite VII with 8– 12 straight apical setae of medium size, sternite VII mostly bisetose in male. Median lobe of aedeagus ( Figs 27–28 ) with apex robust, tapered, widely triangular, pointed, coarsely sculptured except dorsally, i.e., unevenly and rather desely strigose and minutely tuberculate, symmetric or almost so in dorsal view, with a distinct ventro-apical carina. Body of internal sac in lateral view geniculate, angulate dorsobasally; proximal basal bulbs projecting both basad and laterad, distal basal bulb large, oblong, as long as apex of median lobe in dorsal view; the body dorsally and distal basal bulb with microtrichia well-developed and dense ( Fig. 27 shows membranous apex not everted and thence invisible; no angle between it and the body accordingly).

REDESCRIPTION. Unnecessary here except as follows: Body macropterous or wings dimorphic (brachypterous adults have been found in at least one local population). BL 13.5– 18.5 mm (in specimens examined). Body pattern varying ( Figs 74–76 ). Dorsum glabrous in general, with very short individual setae scattered here and there over elytra; head and pronotum without or with similar setae just behind supraocular seta and/or along base and along apex; sometimes basal and apical pronotal pilosity fairly dense, with setigerous punctures, especially those along base, being usually small and imperceptible.

Pronotum as wide as long, subcordate, broadest just before middle, with sides subsinuate a fifth from base and rounded before; basal angles mostly right or very slightly obtuse, with extreme apices slightly blunted. Base slightly wider than apex. Lateral bead and groove fine yet distinct throughout, sometimes weak in front of basal angles.

Abdomen ( Figs 9 , 19 ): Tergite VII with apical setae straight and moderately strong; double punctation dense; larger punctures rather fine and very dense in basal half, becoming coarse and sparser apicad; minute punctures rather few in number. Sternite VIII with hemisternite entirely yet faintly sclerotized, less so medially, and desclerotized mediobasally, with inner apical setae straight or slightly curved.

Legs: Profemora in dorsal view conspicuously tumid in male.

Female gonocoxite IX nearly parallel-sided and slightly curved ( Fig. 59 ). Spermathecal receptacle asymmetric, tumid, slightly Y-shaped, with oner horn nearly absorbed ( Fig. 67 ).

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION. This species has long been considered to occur throughout the Oriental region east to, and including, the Papuan region, ranging as far north as eastern China and the Maritime Province. Andrewes [1926] reported S. javanus from Luzon, the Philippines, and Lowerens [1953] from the Lesser Sunda Isles (Sumba, Flores, and Timor). On the other hand, Darlington [1968] deleted S. javanus from the Papuan faunal list and Giachino [2005] neither reviewed nor keyed this species for New Guinea, too. Habu [1967, 1984] only reported S. javanus from the Ryukyus and the Satsunan Islands in southernmost Japan (Takara, Amamioshima, and Tokunoshima Is.), and the records of the species in China and the Maritime Province [ Lafer, Zolotarenko, 1971; Lafer, 1973] proved to refer to S. agnatus (see below). Andrewes [1929] noted also that he had seen no Indian specimens of S. javanus other than one or two from Odisha and Assam. This, combined with no recent records made in India [ Venugopal, Thomas, 2019], suggests that S. javanus is either rare eastern species in India or absent from there at all. From this one could deduce that the species range extends in Indochina south to the Sunda Isles and east to south China, including Taiwan, easternmost Japan, and probably also the Philippines.

HABITATS AND HABITS. In Indochina, S. javanus is less frequent than a similar species, S. agnatus . All the specimens taken by me were hand collected on a bog at the edge of a forest in low mountains. The species is also attracted to lights at night.

COMMENTS. The fact that three similar and thence confused species, S. javanus , S. agnatus and S. fimbriatus , have very distinctive aedeagi settles any doubts about species status of the taxa.

Figures

Figs 1–10. Stenaptinus spp., sternite VIII in female: 1 — S. stenoderus; 2 — S. lissoderus; 3, 6 — S. agnatus from Cat Tien; 4 — S. sumatrensis sp.n.; 5 — S. c. consularis; 6 — S. montanus sp.n.; 7 — S. fimbriatus; 8 — S. consularis flaviceps ssp.n.; 9 — S. javanus; 10 — S. marginicollis. Scale bars: 1 mm. Рис. 1–10. Stenaptinus spp., стернит VIII самки: 1 — S. stenoderus; 2 — S. lissoderus; 3, 6 — S. agnatus иЗ Катьена; 4 — S. sumatrensis sp.n.; 5 — S. c. consularis; 6 — S. montanus sp.n.; 7 — S. fimbriatus; 8 — S. consularis flaviceps ssp.n.; 9 — S. javanus; 10 — S. marginicollis. МасШтаб: 1 мм.

Figs 11–20. Stenaptinus spp., tergite VIII in female: 11 — S. stenoderus; 12 — S. lissoderus; 13, 16 — S. agnatus from Cat Tien; 14 — S. sumatrensis sp.n.; 15 — S. c. consularis; 16 — S. montanus sp.n.; 17 — S. fimbriatus; 18 — S. consularis flaviceps ssp.n.; 19 — S. javanus; 20 — S. marginicollis; adr — apical depigmented region; psm — posteromedian sclerotized region. Scale bars: 1 mm. Рис. 11–20. Stenaptinus spp., тергит VIII самки: 11 — S. stenoderus; 12 — S. lissoderus; 13, 16 — S. agnatus иЗ Катьена; 14 — S. sumatrensis sp.n.; 15 — S. c. consularis; 16 — S. montanus sp.n.; 17 — S. fimbriatus; 18 — S. consularis flaviceps ssp.n.; 19 — S. javanus; 20 — S. marginicollis; adr — апикальнаЯ депигментированнаЯ область; psm — постеро-медиальнаЯ склеротиЗациЯ. МасШтаб: 1 мм.

Figs 21–28. Stenaptinus spp., median lobe of aedeagus with everted and inflated internal sac: 21–22 — S. marginicollis; 23–24 — S. madagascariensis; 25–26 — S. fumigatus; 27–28 — S. javanus; 21, 23, 25, 27 — left aspect; 22, 24, 26, 28 — dorso-apical aspect; bd — body of internal sac; dbl — left distal basal bulb; ma — membranous apex; pb — proximal basal bulb. Scale bars: 1 mm. The arrowhead shows the base of membranous apex, which is conformable to gonopore. Рис. 21–28. Stenaptinus spp., среднЯЯ долЯ Эдеагуса с вывернутым и надутым внутренним меШком: 21–22 — S. marginicollis; 23– 24 — S. madagascariensis; 25–26 — S. fumigatus; 27–28 — S. javanus; 21, 23, 25, 27 — слева; 22, 24, 26, 28 — дорЗо-апикально; bd — тело внутреннего меШка; dbl — левый дистальный баЗальный пуЗырь; ma — мембраноЗнаЯ верШина; pb — проксимальный баЗальный пуЗырь. МасШтаб: 1 мм. Стрелкой покаЗано основание мембраноЗной верШины внутреннего меШка, соответствуюЩее гонопору.

Figs 56–64. Stenaptinus spp., urite IX in female, ventral aspect: 56 — S. sumatrensis sp.n.; 57 — S. consularis flaviceps ssp.n. from Gia Lai Prov.; 58 — S. stenoderus; 59 — S. javanus; 60 — S. c. consularis; 61 — S. agnatus; 62 — S. marginicollis; 63 — S. fimbriatus; 64 — S. lissoderus; bc — bursa copulatrix; rp — spermathecal receptacle; sg — spermathecal gland. Scale bars: 1 mm. Рис. 56–64. Stenaptinus spp., урит IX самки вентрально: 56 — S. sumatrensis sp.n.; 57 — S. consularis flaviceps ssp.n. from Gia Lai Prov.; 58 — S. stenoderus; 59 — S. javanus; 60 — S. c. consularis; 61 — S. agnatus; 62 — S. marginicollis; 63 — S. fimbriatus; 64 — S. lissoderus; bc — копулЯтивнаЯ сумка; rp — семеприемник сперматеки; sg — желеЗа сперматеки. МасШтаб: 1 мм.

Figs 65–70. Stenaptinus spp., female reproductive tract: 65 — S. stenoderus; 66 — S. fimbriatus; 67 — S. javanus; 68 — S. marginicollis; 69 — S. agnatus; 70 — sumatrensis sp.n.; bc — bursa copulatrix; ov — common oviduct; rp — spermathecal receptacle; sc — seminal canal; sg — spermathecal gland. Scale bar: 1 mm. Рис. 65–70. Stenaptinus spp., репродуктивный тракт самки: 65 — S. stenoderus; 66 — S. fimbriatus; 67 — S. javanus; 68 — S. marginicollis; 69 — S. agnatus; 70 — sumatrensis sp.n.; bc — копулЯтивнаЯ сумка; ov — непарный Яйцевод; rp — семеприемник сперматеки; sa — апикальные Щетинки; sс — семенной канал; sg — желеЗа сперматеки. МасШтаб: 1 мм.

Figs 74–89. Stenaptinus spp., variation of dorsal pattern in specimens from different localities: 74–76 — S. javanus; 77–81 — S. fimbriatus; 82–89 — S. agnatus; 74 — Loc Bao; 75–76 — Thailand; 77 — Sumatra; 78–79, 88 — Cambodia; 80–81, 85–87 — Cat Tien NP; 82–83 — Song Thanh NP; 84 — Kon Plong Distr.; 89 — Nho Quan env. Рис. 74–89. Stenaptinus spp., иЗменчивость окраски верха у особей иЗ раЗных местонахождений: 74–76 — S. javanus; 77–81 — S. fimbriatus; 82–89 — S. agnatus; 74 — Локбао; 75–76 — Таиланд; 77 — Суматра; 78–79, 88 — Камбоджа; 80–81, 85–87 — нац. парк Каттьен; 82–83 — нац. парк Сонгтхань; 84 — округ Конплонг; 89 — окр. Нхокуан.