Anthocoris nemoralis (Fabricius, 1794)

Moulet, Pierre, 2017, Updated catalogue of Iranian Anthocoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cimicomorpha), Zootaxa 4311 (4), pp. 451-479 : 456

Anthocoris nemoralis (Fabricius, 1794)

Cimex silvarum Rossi, 1790: 251 (synonymy suspected); Anthocoris nemoralis Fabricius, 1794: 76 (as new species); Cimex triguttatus Schrank, 1796: 165 ; Lygaeus austriacus Fabricius, 1803: 239 ; Anthocoris nemoralis var. superbus Westhoff, 1881: 78 ; Anthocoris dohrni Le Quesne, 1958: 125 ; Anthocoris pemphigi Wagner, 1960: 91 .

Distribution in Iran. Ardabil, Guilan ( Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000), East Azarbaijan ( Hassanzadeh et al. 2009a, b; Ghahari et al. 2011; Khaghaninia et al. 2011, 2013; Farshbaf Pour-Abad et al. 2017), Fars ( Modarres Awal 1997; Ostovan & Niakan 2000), Golestan ( Heiss 2002; Ghahari & Ostovan 2006), Isfahan ( Modarres Awal 1997; Emami 2004), Markazi, Tehran ( Modarres Awal 1997), Mazandaran ( Ghahari et al. 2008a, 2011, 2015), Razavi Khorasan ( Hassanzadeh Awal & Modarres Awal 2010b), Zanjan ( Abd-Rabou & Ghahari 2006).

General distribution. Euro Asian, North Africa (incl. Canary Islands), Azores; introduced into Canada and USA.

Plant associates. Fruit trees (apple, pear) and grasses ( Hassanzadeh Awal & Modarres Awal 2010a, b), cotton field, Jasminum fruticans (Oleaceae) ( Ghahari et al. 2011), rape ( Khaghaninia et al. 2011); on a great number of trees and schrubs less frequent on herbs ( Urtica sp. ( Urticaceae ), Chenopodium sp. ( Amaranthaceae )) ( Péricart 1972).

Prey records. Psylla pyricola (Förster, 1848) ( Hemiptera : Psyllidae ) ( Modarres Awal 1997; Emami 2004, 2006), whiteflies ( Hemiptera : Aleyrodidae ) ( Abd-Rabou & Ghahari 2006), Psyllidae and Aphididae (Hemiptera) , Thysanoptera , eggs and larvae of Tineidae and Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) , Tetranychus sp. and Oligonychus sp. (Acari: Tetranychidae ) ( Péricart 1972), Cacopsylla pyricola (Foerster, 1848) ( Hemiptera : Psyllidae ) in North America ( Saulich & Musolin 2009).

Biology. In Great Britain overwintering adults are active from mid March and oviposition from the end of April to May; adults of the new generation born from the end of May to mid June ( Saulich & Musolin 2009). According to the season, the host plants change ( Saulich & Musolin 2009).