Hamadruas keralensis, Sen & Sudhin, 2022

Sen, Souvik & Sudhin, Puthoor Pattammal, 2022, A new species and a new record of Hamadruas Deeleman-Reinhold, 2009 (Araneae: Oxyopidae) from India, Records of the Zoological Survey of India 122 (4), pp. 345-348 : 345-347

Hamadruas keralensis sp. nov.

Figures 1a–e and 3 .

Type Material: Holotype: 1♀ (ZSI/ WGRC / I. R.INV.17220), India: Kerala, Kakkavayal , 11°38'34.27"N 76°08'07.80"E, h = 751 m, 30.xi.2019, Coll. S. Sen.

Etymology: The species name is derived from the name of the state from where the species was collected.

Diagnosis: The female of H. keralensis sp. nov. can be separated from all other described congeners by its triangular spermathecae, thick, anteriorly broad, and posteriorly narrow fertilization ducts, and pot shaped epigynal atrium ( Figures 1b–e).

Description: Female (Holotype, ZSI/WGRC/ I.R.INV.17220) ( Figures 1a–e): Measurements: Body length 13.44. Carapace length 4.31, width 3.63. Abdomen Length 8.74, width 2.81. Eye diameters: AME 0.10; ALE

0.20; PME 0.18; PLE 0.18. Eye inter distances: AME-AME

0.08; AME-ALE 0.11; PME-PME 0.29; PME-PLE 0.40. The first eye row is 0.29 wide, the second eye row is 0.65 wide, the third eye row is 1.30 wide, fourth eye row is 0.62 wide. Clypeus height 0.53. Measurements of legs: I: 17.92 (5.20, 6.0, 5.0, 1.72) II: 17.40 (5.0, 6.0, 5.0, 1.40); III: 14.73 (3.98, 4.50, 4.85 1.40); IV: 16.50 (4.75, 5.60, 4.55, 1.60). Leg formula 1243. Carapace yellowish brown ( Figure 1a), with scattered grey hairs, margins with dense grey hairs, posteriorly broad, anteriorly narrowed, longer than wide, cephalic region little elevated, thoracic region with a longitudinal reddish brown fovea; clypeus brown, margins grey with two longitudinal median grey lines; eyes white, encircled by black rings, anterior row strongly recurved, posterior row procurved, ocular area grey; chelicerae yellow-brown, fangs brown, pro- and retro-margins with a single tooth; labium, maxillae longer than wide; labium anteriorly brown and posteriorly yellow; maxillae yellow, anteriorly scopulate; sternum yellow, anterior margin concave, longer than wide; legs brown, long, with spines and hairs. Abdomen long, anteriorly wider, dorsum grey, with yellow spots and median lanceolate marking ( Figure 1a), laterally yellow with irregular grey lines; venter yellow, with lateral black longitudinal lines and broad median black band; spinnerets black. Epigyne as shown in Figures 1b–e. Epigynal atrium almost pot-shaped, epyginal rim laterally concave, copulatory opening at the posterior end of its lateral edges, spermathecae triangular, copulatory ducts long, nearly ‘S’ shaped, fertilization ducts thick, anteriorly broad and posteriorly narrow.

Distribution: Known only from the type locality ( Figure 3 ).

Souvik Sen and Puthoor Pattammal Sudhin Hamadruas hieroglyphica ( Thorell, 1887)

Figures 2a–e and 3 .

Oxyopes hieroglyphicus Thorell, 1887: 332 .

Tapponia hieroglyphica Thorell, 1895: 254 .

Hamadruas hieroglyphica Deeleman-Reinhold, 2009: 691 , figs. 57–63; Tang & Li, 2012: 3, figs. 1A–C, 2A–B.

Material Examined: 2♀♀ (ZSI/ WGRC /I.R-INV. 17216-17217), India: Kerala, Idukki, Periyar National Park ,09°28'51.77'" N77°11'58.97" E, h = 1031m, 10.xi.1996, Coll. P. M. Sureshan.

Diagnosis: For the diagnosis of this species, see Deeleman-Reinhold (2009).

Description: Female (ZSI/ WGRC /I.R-INV. 17216) ( Figures 2a–e ). Measurements: Body length 14.52. Carapace length 4.30, width 3.73. Abdomen length 9.33, width 4.03. Eye diameters: AME 0.10; ALE 0.23; PME

0.18; PLE 0.19. Eye inter distances: AME-AME 0.09; AME-ALE 0.10; PME-PME 0.31; PME-PLE 0.44. The first eye row is 0.33 wide, the second eye row is 0.73 wide, the third eye row is 1.35 wide, fourth eye row is 0.64 wide. Clypeus height 0.52. Measurements of legs: I: 18.15 (5.00,

6.30, 5.10, 1.75) II: 18.00 (4.80, 6.20, 5.20, 1.80); III: 16.70 (4.70, 5.50, 5.00, 1.50); IV: 17.5 (5.10, 6.00, 4.90, 1.50). Leg formula: 1243. Carapace brown ( Figure 2a ), flat, anteriorly narrowed, longer than wide, thoracic region with a longitudinal brown fovea, radii faint; clypeus brown; eyes transparent, encircled by black rings, anterior row strongly recurved, posterior row procurved, ocular quad longer than wide, ocular area black with some silky hairs; chelicerae yellow-brown, promargin with two teeth and retromargin with a single tooth, fangs brown; labium, maxillae yellow-brown,longer than wide,faintly scopulate; sternum yellow, anterior margin straight, nearly cordate; legs brown, long, with spines and hairs. Abdomen broad anteriorly, narrowing posteriorly, dorsum brown, with numerous white spots throughout ( Figure 2a ), median marking indistinct with a pair of small median sigilla; venter yellow-brown with a median ‘V’ shaped brown band; spinnerets brown. Epigyne as shown in Figures 2b–e . Epigynal atrium is nearly apple-shaped with highly sclerotized rims, spermathecae globular, copulatory openings situated at the lateral edges, copulatory ducts thick, arching up, fertilization ducts long and thin.

Distribution: China, Myanmar ( World Spider Catalog, 2022), India (new record) ( Figure 3 ).

Figures

Figures 2a–e. Habitus (a) and epigyne (b–e) of Hamadruas hieroglyphica. (a) – female habitus dorsal view; (b), (d) – epigyne, ventral view; (c), (e) – same dorsal view. Scale bar: a: 2 mm, b–e: 0.3 mm.

Figure 3. Map showing the type locality of H. keralensis sp. nov. and current collection records of H. hieroglyphica in India.