Xanthopimpla naenia Morley, 1913

Watanabe, Kyohei & Matsumoto, Rikio, 2021, Revision of the genus Xanthopimpla Saussure, 1892 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) from Japan, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68 (2), pp. 269-297 : 269

Xanthopimpla naenia Morley, 1913

Figs 1G, H , 3O , 4G , 5G, H

Xanthopimpla naenia Morley, 1913: 115; Townes et al. 1961: 61; Townes and Chiu 1970: 268; Watanabe 2011: 17; Watanabe 2012, 70.

Xanthopimpla imperfecta Krieger, 1915: 23; Momoi 1958: 120; Townes et al. 1961: 57; Townes et al. 1965: 61; Momoi 1970: 335; Matsumoto and Sugimoto 1998: 467. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Comparative diagnosis.

This species belongs to the incompleta species group sensu Townes and Chiu (1970). This species can be distinguished from other species of this species group by the following combination of character states: face with moderate-sized punctures; propodeum with area superomedia partly (indistinctly) or completely separate from second lateral area (Fig. 4G ); mesoscutum medially with three continuous black spots and these spots sometimes united into a single large black area (Fig. 1G, H ); femur entirely yellow or sometimes with black areas (Fig. 5G, H ); ovipositor sheath 0.2-0.4 × length of hind tibia.

Materials examined.

Japan: [ Honshu ] 1 M (DNA-Pol-657), Nara Pref., Nara City, Saki-cho, Heijo Palace Site, 7. Sep 2017 , R. Matsumoto leg. ( OMNH); 1 F, Wakayama Pref., Wakayama City , Uchihara, 14 Jun 1993, (em. from case of Nipponpsyche fuscescens ) , M. Murase leg. ( OMNH); 1 F, Hyogo Pref., Ono City, Kawainakamachi, 17 Sep 2018 , R. Kakeya leg. ( OMNH); 22 M & 7 F (incl. 1F: DNA-Pol-738), ditto, 12 May 2019 , R. Matsumoto leg. ( OMNH); 1 M, Hyogo Pref., ditto, 1 Nov 2019 , A. Ichikawa leg. ( OMNH). [Kyushu] 1 M & 2 F, Fukuoka Pref., Fukuoka City , Hakozaki, 25 Jul 1997, (em. from case of Nipponpsyche fuscescens ) , M. Sugimoto leg. ( OMNH); 1 F, Nagasaki Pref., Nagasaki City, Aburagimachi, 29 May 2012 , N. Yamamoto leg. ( KPMNH); 1 M, Kumamoto Pref., Asagiri Town , Uenishi, 24 Aug 2012 , R. Matsumoto leg. ( OMNH); 1 M, Kagoshima Pref., Ookuchi Town , 4 Jul 2012 , Y. Matsubara & K. Fukuda leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Koyama Town , Hoyoshidake, 20 May-20 Jun 2000 , T. Muroi & S. Onoda leg. ( OMNH). [Ryukyu Isls.] 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Yakushima Is., Miyanoura, 27 Oct 1972 , K. Kusigemati leg. ( SEHU); 1 F, ditto, 24 May 1974 ( SEHU) ; 1 M, ditto, 3-20 Apr 1999 , T. Murata leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Yakushima Is., Aikodake, 19-22 Jul 2006 , T. Yamauchi leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 F, 23-26 Oct 2006 ( KPMNH); 2 F, ditto, 28 Jun.-29 Jul 2007 ( KPMNH) ; 1 F, 29 Jul-25 Aug 2007 ( KPMNH); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Yakushima Is., Kankake, 26 Sep-24 Oct 2006 , T. Yamauchi leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 F, ditto, 27 Oct-28 Nov 2006; 1♀ , ditto, 28 Jun-30 Jul 2007 ; 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Yakushima Is., Shiratani, 22 Jul 2012 , T. Kawano leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Mt. Yui , 15 Apr-15 May 2001 , T. Muroi & Y. Maeda leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F, ditto, 21 Jun-5 Aug 2001 ( MU) ; 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Tatsugo Town , Ichiribaru, 24-27 Jun 2007 , A. Shimizu leg. (YPT) ( KPMNH); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Tokunoshima Is., Amagi Town, Mt. Yamatogusukuyama , 31 May 2007 , K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 4 F, Okinawa Pref., Okinawa Is., Kunigami Vil., Benoki, 7 Apr 1979 , K. Kusigemati leg. ( SEHU); 1 F, Okinawa Pref., Okinawa Is., Kunigami Vil., Yona, 7 Apr 1979 , K. Kusigemati leg. ( SEHU); 1 F, ditto, 28 Apr 2008 , E. Nishida leg. ( OMNH); 1 F, Okinawa Pref., Okinawa Is., Kunigami Vil., Hentona, 21 May 2007 , K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F, Okinawa Pref., Okinawa Is., Motobu Town , Izumi, 20 May 1980 (em. from larva of Psychidae ) , E. Nishida leg. ( OMNH); 1 F, Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is., Akaishi, 17 May 2009 , H. Inoue leg. ( OMNH); 1 M, Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is., Maesato, 11 Jul 2007 , R. Matsumoto leg. ( OMNH); 1F, Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is., Omotodake, 9 Dec 1993 , R. Matsumoto leg. ( OMNH); 1 F, ditto, 18-19 Mar 2002 , T. Yoshida leg. ( OMNH); 2 F (DNA-Pol-728, DNA-Pol-729), Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is., Hirae, 30 Jan 2019 , R. Matsumoto leg. ( OMNH); 1M, Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is., Mt. Banna , 15 Apr 1978 , S. Tsukaguchi leg. ( OMNH); 1 F, ditto, 16 Oct 1981 , K. Konishi leg. (NIAES); 1 F, ditto, 13-20 Mar 1995 , T. Matsumura leg. (MT) (NIAES); 1 M, Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is., 1 km S. of Kuura, 8 Apr 1999 host coll., 15 Apr. 1999 em. from Manatha sp., M. Sugimoto & T. Saigusa leg. ( OMNH); 1 F, ditto, 28 Apr 1999 em. ( OMNH); 1 F, Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is., Hoshino, 11 Feb 2010 , E. Nishida leg. ( OMNH); 1 M, Okinawa Pref., Iriomote Is., Otomi, 4 Jun 1977 , A. Nagatomi leg. ( SEHU); 1 F, Okinawa Pref., Iriomote Is., Rv. Shiiminato, 2-15 Nov 1995 , T. Muroi leg. (MT) ( MU). Taiwan: 1 M (det. Townes & Chiu), Kuanhsi, Sinchu, 31 Oct 1968 (MT) ( TARI) ; 1 F (det. Townes & Chiu), ditto, 3-9 Jun 1969 (MT) ( TARI) ; 1 F (det. Townes & Chiu), Rokkiri, 2 Sep 1927, J. Sonan & K. Shibata leg. ( TARI).

Distribution.

Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Yakushima Is., Amamioshima Is., Tokunoshima Is., Okinawa Is., Ishigaki Is. and Iriomote Is.). Outside Japan, this species has been recorded from China, India, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam ( Yu et al. 2016).

Bionomics.

In Japan, adults were collected from April to November. In Tokunoshima Is., the first author collected this species along the edge of forest. Matsumoto and Sugimoto (1998) recorded a host, Nipponopsyche fuscescens Yazaki, 1926 ( Lepidoptera, Psychidae ), in Japan. In this study, we record the second host of this species, Manatha sp. ( Lepidoptera, Psychidae ).

Remarks.

This is the first record of this species from Ishigaki Is. and Iriomote Is. Townes and Chiu (1970) described the differences in body colouration between materials from Japan and other areas. We recognised these differences as intraspecific variations and concluded that Japanese population should be treated as X. naenia .

Figures

Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of Japanese Xanthopimpla A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G, H. X. naenia Morley, 1913.

Figure 3. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, H. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B, J. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; C. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); D, K, N, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; E. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); F, L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; G, M. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; I. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; O. X. naenia Morley, 1913 (D, F, G, K-M, P. holotype; N. paratype) - A, B. head, frontal view; C-G. head, dorsal view; H, I. mesonotum, dorsal view; J-M. scutellum, lateral view; N. mesosternum, ventral view; O, P. areolet of right wing.

Figure 4. Propodeum of Japanese Xanthopimpla, dorsal view A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G. X. naenia Morley, 1913; H. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; I. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); J. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); K. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; M. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; N. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (H, L, N. holotype).

Figure 5. Japanese Xanthopimpla - A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G, H. X. naenia Morley, 1913; I, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; J. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); K. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); L. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); M, Q. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; N. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; O, R. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (I, M, O-R. holotype) A-O. left hind leg, lateral view; P-R. left hind tarsal claw, lateral view.