Kurzenkotilla harmandi (André, 1898) Lelej & Williams & Terine & Okayasu & Parikh & Kumar, 2023

Lelej, Arkady S., Williams, Kevin A., Terine, Joshua B., Okayasu, Juriya, Parikh, Grishma R. & Kumar, Girish P., 2023, Review of the tribe Mutillini (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) from the Oriental Region, Zootaxa 5228 (4), pp. 455-476 : 461

Kurzenkotilla harmandi (André, 1898) , comb. nov.

( Figs 14–20 )

Mutilla harmandi André, 1898: 29 , ♁, holotype, ♁, Lakhon [ Laos / Thailand], [1878], J. Harmand leg. [MNHN]; 1902: 39, ♁.

Material examined. LAOS: Sayaboury, Sayaboury, 6.XII.1965, 1♀ [ BPBM] ; Vientiane, Tat Mun waterfall, el. 183 m, 18°01′03″N 102°27′38″E, 7.VI.2013, G.R. Ballmer leg., 1♀ [ UCRC, UCRCENT#428259 ] . THAILAND: Chaiyaphum: Tat Tone N.P., Staff house at Takfah waterfall, 15°56.461′N 102°5.955′E, 242 m, malaise trap, T. Jaruphan & O. Budsawong leg., 5–12.IX.2006, 1♁, [ QSBG]; Tha Hin Ngom Village , 16.001°N 102.011°E, 560 m, malaise trap, K.A. Williams et al. leg., 18–28.III.2019, 1♁, [ CSCA, DNA voucher 19E658] ; Chiang Mai, Omkoi District, dry dipterocarp forest, 17°50′49.9″N 98°22′33.0″E, 950–1010 m, R. Mizuno leg.: 19.XII.2016, 1♀, [ THNHM]; 20.VI.2017, 1♀ [ THNHM]; 27.VI.2017, 1♀ [ THNHM]; 7.VII.2017, 1♀, [ THNHM, DNA voucher 19E961]; 19.VII.2019, 1♀ [ THNHM]; Khonkaen , Nam Phong N.P., office, 16°37.377′N 102°34.454′E, 344 m, K. Jaidee leg., malaise trap, 19–26.VII.2006, 4♁, [ CSCA, EMUS, QSBG] ; Loei: Phu Kradeung N.P., mixed deciduous forest N of NA Noy Forest Unit , 16°48.17′N 101°47.66′E, 276 m, malaise trap, S. Gong-Iasae leg., 14–20.XI.2006, 2♁, [ QSBG] ; Nakhon Ratchasima, Kog Nong Bun Nak-Rat, 28.VII.2009, V. Bezborodov leg., 1♀, [ IBSS] .

Description. FEMALE. Body length 11–13 mm. Coloration. Head, mesosoma, and S1 orange-brown; legs, antenna, and metasoma blackish. Body setae generally sparse and silvery, except frons, vertex, and mesosomal dorsum with sub-erect golden and blackish setae; T1, T2 disc, and T4–5 setae dense black dorsally; T1–6 laterally, S1–6, T2 disc lateral spots, T2 fringe, T3 entirely, and T6 with dense pale golden setae; distance between T2 lateral spots 0.6 × spot diameter. Head. Width behind eye subequal to pronotal width. Frons, vertex, and gena punctures coarsely confluent. Mandible apex apparently tridentate, middle tooth blunt and confluent with lower tooth. Clypeus basomesal longitudinal carina and mesally notched transverse pre-apical carina. Antennal scrobe with thick dorsal carina. Antennal tubercle dorsally smooth, anteriorly micropunctate. Genal and postgenal carinae distinct, forming blunt tooth where they connect with hypostomal carina. F1 2.9 × pedicel length, F2 2.2 × pedicel length. Mesosoma. Length 1.15 × width (measured at posterolateral propodeal corners). Dorsum of mesosoma with coarse confluent punctures; wavy carina separating dorsal and lateral faces of mesonotum. Side of mesosoma with micropunctures and short setae. Mesopleural lamella a short thick carina. Humeral carina distinct. No trace of scutellar scale. Lateral and posterior propodeal faces separated by row of distinct teeth. Metasoma. T1 anterior face with separated punctures, posteriorly with dense setae obscuring sculpture. T2 disc and S2 with dense coarse subconfluent punctures; S2 obscurely concave anterolaterally, anteromesally with longitudinal ridge. T3–5 and S3–5 with dense setae obscuring sculpture. S1 with thick longitudinal lamella, notched sub-posteriorly. T2 felt line deeply linear, 0.7 × T2 total length. T6 convex without pygidial plate, smooth. S6 posterior margin distinctly bituberculate. MALE. See André (1898).

Distribution. Laos, Thailand.

Remarks. This species was previously known from males only and was treated as a member of the genus Mutilla , until the female was discovered in this paper. The sex association is initially based on identical ITS1 sequences of a male (GenBank # OP854799 ) from Chaiyaphum, Thailand, and a female (GenBank # OP854800 ) from Chiang Mai, Thailand. In previous studies on Mutillidae sex associations using ITS ( Pilgrim & Pitts 2006; Pilgrim et al., 2008; Williams et al. 2012), intraspecific sequence comparisons generally revealed genetic distances below 2%, while interspecific sequence comparisons generally revealed genetic distances above 2%. The identical ITS1 sequences, coupled with similar body size, coloration, and overlapping distribution are adequate evidence to recognize the previously unrecognized female of Mutilla harmandi . This female was not previously named and is clearly a member of the genus Kurzenkotilla , permitting us to recognize a new combination for K. harmandi , and to recognize the male sex for the genus.

This species was named in honor of Dr. François-Jules Harmand (1845–1921). Dr. J. Harmand explored in Indo- China region between 1875 and 1878 ( Geiser & Nagel 2013, Huang et al. 2015) and collected insects at a mountain of La-khôn ( Harmand, 1880). Some of his collections have a label with the same data “LAKHON, HARMAND 1878” and were deposited in MNHN and SDEI. According to Harmand’s (1880) map, there was a province named La-khôn. Meanwhile, a place named La-khôn was in Lakhôn province and located on a bank of the Mekong [= “Mèkhông” in Harmand (1880)] ( Huang et al. 2015: Fig. 18 ). Firstly, “Montagnes de Lakhon” lies in the vicinity of Tha Khaek, Khammuane Province, Laos ( Geiser & Nagel, 2013) and La-khôn was in the vicinity of Mekong ( Harmand, 1880) which is the boundary of modern Laos and Thailand ( Huang et al. 2015).

Figures

FIGURES 7–20. Kurzenkotilla. 7–13. K. annamensis (7, 9. ♀, holotype). 14–20. K. harmandi. 7, 8, 14, 15. Habitus, dorsal view; 9, 10, 16, 17. Habitus, lateral view. 11–13, 18–20. Genitalia (11, 18, dorsal view; 12, 19, lateral view); 13, 20, Penis valve. 7, 9, 14, 16, ♀; 8, 10–13, 15, 17–20, ♁. (Photographs by K. Williams and J. Okayasu).