Ibotyporanga guanambi Huber, 2024

Huber, Bernhard A., Meng, Guanliang, Král, Jiří, Ávila Herrera, Ivalú M. & Carvalho, Leonardo S., 2024, Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments, European Journal of Taxonomy 963, pp. 1-169 : 104-109

Ibotyporanga guanambi Huber sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EE1817A4-6D06-4480-9F80-FE8EDDE23F1C

Figs 22D , 73B–C , 74 , 88–91 ; SEM Figs 2E–F , 4E , 6B , 8C–D , 9F , 10E , 11C–D , 12F , 13D , 14D , 15B , 16D , 18D–E , 19A

Diagnosis

Males are distinguished from most known congeners (except I. imale sp. nov.) by distal course of main procursus branch ( Fig. 89A–D ; distal membranous part long, curved towards dorsal and proximal); from I. imale by dorsal process of procursus shorter, without distal bend ( Fig. 89C–D ). Females are externally possibly indistinguishable from putatively close relatives (species with a split procursus but without median sclerite in female internal genitalia: I. imale , I. ramosae , I. capivara sp. nov., I. sertao sp. nov.); I. sertao is distinguished by internal genitalia with distinct pair of convoluted tubes and by absence of large median expandable sac. Females of I. ramosae and I. imale may be morphologically indistinguishable from those of I. guanambi sp. nov.

Etymology

The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.

Type material

Holotype

BRAZIL – Bahia • ♂; N of Guanambi; 14.1797° S, 42.7812° W; 560 m a.s.l.; 12 Nov. 2022; B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho and R.A. Torres leg.; CHNUFPI 5932 .

Paratypes

BRAZIL – Bahia • 4 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, 2 juvs; same collection data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 5933 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; UFMG 31657 • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 9041 [deposited in ZFMK Ar 24370] • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 5934 .

Other material examined

BRAZIL – Bahia • 2 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀, 6 juvs, in pure ethanol; same collection data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 5935 [deposited in ZFMK Br22-158; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ used for SEM] • 1 ♂; Guanambi, Fazenda do Seu Washington ; 14.1830° S, 42.8128° W; 515 m a.s.l.; 12 Apr. 2015; L.S. Carvalho leg.; CHNUFPI 1496 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; CHNUFPI 3688 • 4 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; CHNUFPI 1543 • 1 ♂ 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; UFMG 17378 • 1 ♀; Caetité, Parque Eólico de Guanambi ; 14.1116° S, 42.6077° W; 1000 m a.s.l.; 13 Apr. 2015; L.S. Carvalho leg.; CHNUFPI 3761 .

Assigned tentatively (see below)

BRAZIL – Bahia • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; NE of Marcolino Moura ; 13.5883° S, 41.6635° W; 630 m a.s.l.; 19 Nov. 2022; B.A. Huber and L.S. Carvalho leg.; CHNUFPI 5936 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; CHNUFPI 9042 [deposited in ZFMK Ar 24371] • 3 ♀♀, in pure ethanol; same collection data as for preceding; CHNUFPI 5937 [deposited in ZFMK Br22-198] • 1 ♂; S of Contendas do Sincorá ; 13.7826° S, 41.0507° W; 320 m a.s.l.; hillside with shrubby caatinga woodland on sandy soil; 11 Nov. 2022; B.A. Huber and L.S. Carvalho leg.; CHNUFPI 5938 [deposited in ZFMK Ar 24372] • 1 ♀; W of Mucugê, Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina ; 13.0097° S, 41.4084° W; 1010 m a.s.l.; 19 Nov. 2022; B.A. Huber and L.S. Carvalho leg.; CHNUFPI 5939 .

Description

Male (holotype)

MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.2, carapace width 0.82. Distance PME–PME 80 µm; diameter PME 75 µm; distance PME–ALE 30 µm; distance AME–AME 10 µm; diameter AME 70 µm. Leg 1: 4.77 (1.27+0.30 +1.20 +1.50 + 0.50), tibia 2: 0.93, tibia 3: 0.82, tibia 4: 1.23; tibia 1 L/d: 11; diameters of leg femora 0.19–0.20, of leg tibiae 0.11.

COLOUR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs mostly ochre-yellow, carapace medially with brown mark, legs with distinct dark rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally); abdomen pale gray with dark internal marks dorsally and laterally; ventrally with light ochre plates in front of gonopore and in front of spinnerets.

BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 73B . Ocular area slightly raised. Carapace with distinct but shallow thoracic groove. Clypeus with sclerotized rim with median notch. Sternum wider than long (0.56/0.46), with pair of very low and indistinct anterior processes near coxae 1. Abdomen globular; gonopore with four epiandrous spigots in two pairs ( Fig. 4E ); spinnerets as in congeners ( Fig. 8C ).

CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 90A–B ; width 0.34; with strong median frontal apophysis; stridulatory files ( Fig. 10E ) very fine and poorly visible in dissecting microscope.

PALPS. As in Fig. 88 ; coxa unmodified; trochanter with rounded ventral protrusion; femur proximally with distinct retrolateral process directed toward distal, with prolateral stridulatory pick ( Fig. 12F ), distally widened but unmodified; femur-patella joints not shifted toward one side; patella dorsally slightly longer than medially wide; tibia-tarsus joints barely shifted toward retrolateral side; tarsus with small capsulate tarsal organ ( Fig. 13D ), without dorsal process; procursus ( Fig. 89A–C ) with short but wide dorsal branch; main branch with light prolateral band, length of distal transparent element 0.13; genital bulb ( Fig. 89E–G ) with distinct prolateral sclerite on bulbous part, embolus with slender prolateral ridge.

LEGS. Without spines but with longer and slightly stronger hairs ventrally on femora ( Fig. 15B ); without curved hairs; with several rows of short vertical hairs on tibia 1 ( Fig. 16D ); retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 51%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~3–4 pseudosegments, distally distinct.

Variation (male)

Dark mark on carapace and dark rings on legs variably distinct, sometimes also ocular area and clypeus dark. Tibia 1 in 12 other males from Guanambi area: 1.20–1.30 (mean 1.24). Males from NE of Marcolino Moura and from S of Contendas do Sincorá have seemingly identical chelicerae but slightly different palps (palpal tibiae slightly thicker: 0.26 vs 0.23; prolateral sclerite on genital bulb proximally narrower, distally wider; dorsal branch of procursus pointed and slightly longer: Fig. 89D ; tiny branch subdistally on main branch of procursus slightly more proximal: arrow in Fig. 89D ). Tibia 1 in four males from NE of Marcolino Moura and from S of Contendas do Sincorá: 1.23, 1.27, 1.30, 1.33. The species delimitation analysis slightly favors the idea that the sequenced specimen from Guanambi and the specimen from NE of Marcolino Moura are conspecific ( Fig. S7 ). The K2P distance between them was 8.7%.

Female

In general, similar to male ( Fig. 73C ) but slightly darker and dark marks more distinct; clypeus unmodified, chelicerae without stridulatory files ( Fig. 9F ); tibia 1 with few vertical hairs; tibia 1 length in 22 females from Guanambi area: 1.13–1.63 (mean 1.40). Epigynum ( Fig. 91A ) anterior plate oval to trapezoidal, posterior margin almost straight, with wide and shallow anterior pocket; posterior plate short and simple. Internal genitalia ( Figs 90C , 91C–D ) with pair of narrow and indistinct pore plates posteriorly, with complex system of membranous structures anteriorly.

The females from NE of Marcolino Moura and from near Mucugê may be indistinguishable from those from the Guanambi area ( Fig. 91B, E–F ). The internal genitalia appear identical except that the distance between pocket and internal folds appears larger (especially in the cleared female from NE of Marcolino Moura); however, this may in part be an artifact of preparation, in part due to slight variation in the shape of the anterior epigynal plate even within localities. Tibia 1 in seven females from NE of Marcolino Moura and from near Mucugê: 1.33–1.57 (mean 1.48).

Distribution

Known from three localities in the Guanambi area in Brazil, Bahia, and from three localities 130–200 km NE of Guanambi ( Fig. 74 ); however, all specimens other than those from the Guanambi area are assigned tentatively.

Natural history

The specimens from N of Guanambi were collected on a bare granite outcrop ( Fig. 22D ) and in the neighboring woodland on clayish soil. Most specimens were found under stones lying on the bare granite outcrop. The specimens from NE of Marcolino Moura were collected on a bare hillside with rocks and thorny shrubs (caatinga) on clayish soil. The female from near Mucugê was found in shrubland at the base of a large granite outcrop. Seven egg sacs were round but slightly flattened, had diameters of 1.5– 2.4, and egg diameters of 0.52–0.54; the total number of eggs per egg sac was estimated to be ~10–30.

Figures

Fig. 22. Ibotyporanga spp., typical habitats, part one (cf. Fig. 23): rock outcrops; all localities are in Brazil. A. Bahia, S of Xique-Xique (type locality of I. xique Huber sp. nov.). B. Rondônia, near Jamari (type locality of I. kanoe Huber sp. nov.). C. Bahia, W of Itatim (type locality of I. itatim Huber sp. nov.). D. Bahia, Guanambi (type locality of I. guanambi Huber sp. nov.). E. Bahia, NE of Morro do Chapéu (I. canudos Huber sp. nov.). F. Pernambuco, NE of Cabrobó (I. sertao Huber sp. nov.). Photos BAH.

Fig. 73. Ibotyporanga spp., live specimens, part three (cf. Figs 25, 55), all from Brazil. A. I. sertao Huber sp. nov., male from Pernambuco, W of Orocó. B–C. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., male and female with egg sac from Bahia, N of Guanambi. D. I. emekori Huber & Brescovit, 2003, male from Bahia, near Toca do Índio.E. I. tuxa Huber sp. nov., male from Bahia, W of Barra do Mendes. F. I. kiriri Huber sp. nov., male from Bahia, SE of Paramirim. G. I. ouro Huber sp. nov., male from Bahia, E of Gentio do Ouro. H. I. canudos Huber sp. nov., male from Bahia, SW of Morro do Chapéu.

Fig. 74. Known geographic distribution of Brazilian species with long procursus and with dorsal branch on procursus, but without median sclerite in female internal genitalia. Abbreviations: BA=Bahia; CE =Ceará; GO =Goiás; MG = Minas Gerais; PE =Pernambuco; PI =Piauí.

Fig. 88. Ibotyporanga guanambi Huber sp. nov., male from Brazil, Bahia, N of Guanambi, ZFMK Ar 24370. Left palp, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. Scale line: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 89. Ibotyporanga guanambi Huber sp. nov. A–C. Left tarsus and procursus, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views (bold arrow: tiny side branch on main branch of procursus), male from Brazil, Bahia, N of Guanambi, ZFMK Ar 24370. D. Left tarsus and procursus, retrolateral view (bold arrow: tiny side branch on main branch of procursus), male from Bahia, NE of Marcolino Moura; ZFMK Ar 24371; at same scale as A–C. E–G. Left genital bulb, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views; same specimen as in A–C. Abbreviation: db =dorsal branch of procursus. Scale lines: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 90. Ibotyporanga guanambi Huber sp. nov., male and female from Brazil, Bahia, N of Guanambi, ZFMK Ar 24370. A–B. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. C. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (asterisk: expandable membranous sac not drawn, cf. Fig. 91D). Scale lines: 0.2 mm.

Fig. 91. Ibotyporanga guanambi Huber sp. nov. A–B. Abdomens, ventral views, females from Brazil, Bahia, N of Guanambi (A), ZFMK Ar 24370, and from Bahia, NE of Marcolino Moura (B), ZFMK Ar 24371. C–D. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views; same specimen as in A. E–F. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views, females from Bahia, NE of Marcolino Moura (E), ZFMK Ar 24371 and from Bahia, W of Mucugê (F), CHNUFPI 5939. Abbreviation: es =expandable membranous sac. Scale lines: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 2. Ibotyporanga spp., prosoma. A–B. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., male and female prosomata, frontal views. C. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., male prosoma, oblique frontal view. D. I. walekeru Huber sp. nov., male, frontal view. E–F. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., female, frontal view and male, frontal-dorsal view. G. I. payaya Huber sp. nov., female, dorsal view. Scale lines: 100 µm.

Fig. 4. Ibotyporanga spp., male gonopore and epiandrous spigots. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov. B. I. walekeru Huber sp. nov. C. I. itatim Huber sp. nov.D. I. naideaeMello-Leitão, 1944. E. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov. F. I. payaya Huber sp. nov. Scale lines: 10 µm.

Fig. 6. Ibotyporanga spp., spinnerets. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., female.B. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., female. C. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944, male. D. I. payaya Huber sp. nov., male. E–F. I. sertao Huber sp. nov., male. Abbreviations: ALS =anterior lateral spinneret; PLS= posterior lateral spinneret; PMS= posterior median spinneret. Scale lines: A, C–E =20 µm; B=100 µm; F =10 µm.

Fig. 8. Ibotyporanga spp., spinnerets. A–B. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944, male ALS and female ALS and PMS. C–D. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., male ALS and female ALS and PMS. E–F. I. payaya Huber sp. nov., male and female ALS. Scale lines: 10 µm.

Fig. 9. Ibotyporanga spp., chelicerae, frontal-lateral views. A–B. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., male and female.C–D. I. canudosHuber sp. nov., male and female.E. I. sertao Huber sp. nov., male.F. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., female. Scale lines: A–B, D =20 µm; C, E–F =100 µm.

Fig. 10. Ibotyporanga spp., stridulatory files on male chelicerae, lateral views (A, B, E are mirror images of left chelicerae). A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov. B. I. walekeru Huber sp. nov. C. I. itatim Huber sp. nov. D. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944. E. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov. F. I. sertao Huber sp. nov. Scale lines: A–D, F =10 µm; E= 20 µm.

Fig. 11. Ibotyporanga spp., male palp. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., tip of left procursus (and mechanoreceptive hair), distal view. B. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., tips of right procursus and embolus, dorsal view. C. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., left embolus, dorsal-distal view. D. I. guanambi, right procursus and embolus, dorsal view; bold arrow points at longitudinal slit. E. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944, left bulb and embolus, retrolateral view.F. Detail from preceding figure.Abbreviations: db =dorsal branch of procursus; e =embolus; p =procursus. Scale lines: A–C, F =10 µm; D–E=100 µm.

Fig. 12. Ibotyporanga spp., male palp. A. I. payaya Huber sp. nov., right procursus tip, distal view; arrow points at tiny side branch. B. I. payaya, tiny side branch (arrow) of left procursus, prolateraldorsal view. C. I. canudos Huber sp. nov., tiny side branch (arrow) on main branch of right procursus. D. I. canudos, tip of dorsal branch of right procursus. E. I. sertao Huber sp. nov., right procursus, dorsal view; arrow points at longitudinal slit. F. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., stridulatory pick on left femur. Abbreviation: p=procursus. Scale lines: A=20 µm; B–E =10 µm; F =2 µm.

Fig. 13. Ibotyporanga spp., male palpal tarsal organs. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov. B. I. itatim Huber sp. nov. C. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944. D. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov. E. I. payaya Huber sp. nov. F. I. sertao Huber sp. nov. Abbreviation: to =tarsal organ. Scale lines: 10 µm.

Fig. 14. Ibotyporanga spp., female palp tip. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov. B. I. itatim Huber sp. nov. C. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944. D. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov. E. I. payaya Huber sp. nov. F. I. sertao Huber sp. nov. Abbreviation: to=tarsal organ. Scale lines: 10 µm.

Fig. 15. Ibotyporanga spp., leg femora and trichobothria. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., right male femur 1, retrolateral view; arrows point at slightly stronger ventral hairs. B. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., right male femur 3, retrolateral view; arrow points at slightly stronger ventral hair. C. I. ziruma, retrolateral trichobothrium on right male tibia 3. D. I. walekeru Huber sp. nov., retrolateral trichobothrium on right female tibia 2. E. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., retrolateral trichobothrium on right female tibia 2. F. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944, trichobothrium on right female metatarsus 1. Scale lines: 10 µm.

Fig. 16. Ibotyporanga spp., sexually dimorphic short vertical hairs on male tibiae. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., right tibia 1, retrolateral view. B–C. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., right tibia 1, retrolateral views. D. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., right tibia 1, retrolateral view. E. I. payaya Huber sp. nov., left tibia 1, prolateral view. F. I. canudos Huber sp. nov., left tibia 1, prolateral view. Scale lines: A, C–F =10 µm; B=2 µm.

Fig. 18. Ibotyporanga spp., rimmed pores and cuticular plates. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., left male tibia 1, prolateral view. B. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., left female tibia 1, dorsal view. C. I. itatim, right male chelicera. D. I. guanambiHuber sp. nov., right male tibia 3, retrolateral-ventral view.E. I. guanambi, male abdomen, above spinnerets. F. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944, right female metatarsus 1. G. I. payaya Huber sp. nov., right female tarsus 4, retrolateral view. H. I. canudos Huber sp. nov., right female femur 4, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: pl = cuticular plate; rp = rimmed pore. Scale lines: A–G =10 µm; H =2 µm.

Fig. 19. Ibotyporanga spp., leg tarsal organs. A. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., male tarsus 1. B. I. sertao Huber sp. nov., female tarsus 1. C. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., male tarsus 2. D. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944, male tarsus 2. E. I. sertao, female tarsus 2. F. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., female tarsus 3. G. I. itatim, male tarsus 4. H. I. naideae, male tarsus 4. Scale lines: A, E–G =10 µm; B–D, H =2 µm.

Fig. 7. Ibotyporanga spp., spinnerets. A. I. walekeru Huber sp. nov., female AMS area. B. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944, female AMS area. C–D. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., male and female ALS and PMS. E. I. walekeru Huber sp. nov., male ALS. F. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., male ALS. Scale lines: 10 µm.