Eidmanacris caipira, Souza-Dias & Campos & Nihei, 2015

Souza-Dias, Pedro G. B., Campos, Lucas Denadai De & Nihei, Silvio Shigueo, 2015, Two new species of Eidmanacris (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from the Atlantic forest of São Paulo State, Brazil, Florida Entomologist 98 (2), pp. 547-555 : 547

Key Words: Luzarinae, Neotropical region, new species, taxonomy

Resumo

Duas novas espécies de grilos, Eidmanacris caipira sp. nov. e Eidmanacris suassunai sp. nov. ( Orthoptera : Phalangopsidae ), são descritas da Floresta Atlântica do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, usando caracteres genitais e de morfologia, de machos e fêmeas. O hábito de Eidmanacris , a distribuiÇão de suas espécies e a presenÇa de asas reduzidas em fêmeas são discutidas. O material tipo está depositado no Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZSP).

Palavras Chave: Luzarinae , novas espécies, Taxonomia, região Neotropical

Eidmaniella was described by Chopard in 1938 for the species E. larvaeformis , from Mendes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Later, Chopard (1956) renamed Eidmaniella (preocc. Keler, 1938) to Eidmanacris , which was posteriorly included in his Orthopterorum Catalogus ( Chopard, 1968).

A second species, E. bicornis Mesa & Mello, 1985 , was described from specimens collected in the entrance of a sandstone cave in Itirapina, São Paulo State ( Brazil).

Desutter-Grandcolas (1995) revised the genus and described 7 new species: E. dissimilis (PoÇos de Caldas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil); E. fusca (Aratinga, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil); E meridionalis (Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina State, Brazil); E. multispinosa (Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo State, Brazil); E. paramarmorata (Amambay, Paraguay); E. septentrionalis (Linhares, Espírito Santo State, Brazil); E. tridentata (Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo State, Brazil), and transferred Phalangopsis marmoratus Bruner, 1916 ( Bolivia) to Eidmanacris , proposing the new combination E. paramarmorata (Bruner, 1916) .

Mesa et al. (1998) described 2 new species, E. bidentata (ViÇosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil) and E. corumbatai (Cerrado de Corumbataí, São Paulo State, Brazil), synonymized E. bicornis with Arachnomimus alboannulatus Piza, 1960 , and proposed the new combination E. alboannulata (Piza, 1960) .

Recently, E. longa Gorochov, 2014 was described from Santa Cruz, Bolivia, thus totaling now 13 species known in the genus. Eidmancris is distributed in the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado domains, extending throughout the south and southeast Brazil, and reaching Bolivia ( E. marmorata and E. longa ), and Paraguay ( E. paramarmorata ) ( Fig. 8 ).

Desutter-Grandcolas (1995) presented a discussion on the origin of Eidmanacris and proposed 5 putative synapomorphies that support its monophyly: the formation of a median projection and a double row of bristles on the glandular metanotum of males, originating from the anterior border of metanotum (1), and the structure of the cylindrical vertical formations, with open apex (2); the inflated aspect of pronotum, resulting from the swelling of dorsal disc and elevation of lateral lobes (3), and features of the male genitalia structure: pseudepiphallic arms (referred to as “épine latérale ”) clearly separated from genitalia, and rather mobile (4), and the ectophallic arc shifed to the back of the genitalia, reduced and opened. Nevertheless, no phylogenetic analysis was proposed for Eidmanacris and its species so far.

The males of Eidmanacris species are easily distinguishable using male genitalia characters, unlike the females, which are quite similar ( Mesa et al. 1998).

Prado (2006) studied the reproductive behavior of the species E. corumbatai , however, the study of sexual behavior of more species is required to reliably propose and code behavioral characters for phylogenetic purposes.

The aim of the present paper is to describe 2 new Eidmanacris species from the Atlantic Forest of São Paulo State, Brazil, based on morphological and genital characters, what increases the number of known species to 15.

Laboratory of Systematics and Biogeography of Insects , Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil *Corresponding author; E-mail: [e-mail]

Supplementary material for this article in Florida Entomologist 98(2) (June 2015) is online at http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/entomologist/browse .

Figures

Fig. 8. South America map with Eidmanacris species distribution (only type locality), including the new species.