Nemastoma bidentatum martensi Novak, Slana Novak & Raspotnig, 2021

Novak, Tone, Novak, Ljuba Slana, Kozel, Peter, Schaider, Miriam Gudrun, Komposch, Christian, Lipovšek, Saška, Podlesnik, Jan, Paušič, Igor & Raspotnig, Günther, 2021, Hidden diversity within the Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 complex (Opiliones: Nemastomatidae) Part I: Morphological evidence, European Journal of Taxonomy 777, pp. 1-67 : 28-30

Nemastoma bidentatum martensi Novak, Slana Novak & Raspotnig ssp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CCDC54EF-D41A-4547-A4D4-50370212C243

Figs 2–3 , 4G , 5G , 6G , 7G , 8G , 9G , 10G , 11G , 12G , 13F ; Table 10

Diagnosis

Subspecies of Nemastoma bidentatum with Ch basal article with a saw-like series of 1–3 μm high denticles on anterior margin of ventral hump, and a row of 5–11 denticles and tubercles in the distal half of Pa-Fe. Rec sem of 12–14 slightly elongated balloon-like vesicles.

Etymology

The subspecies name ʻ martensi ʼ is dedicated to Jochen Martens (Mainz), our teacher, colleague and friend, who provided the first modern revision of harvestmen in Slovenia.

Material examined

Holotype SLOVENIA – VL23 • 1 ♂; Poljane pri Podgradu; 45.50° N, 14.10° E; 597 m a.s.l.; 25 Sep. 2011; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg.; thermophile scrub and mixed forest litter sift; PMSL-Opiliones-TN 287/2011 . Paratypes SLOVENIA – VL23 • 8 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; PMSL-Opiliones-TN 287/2011 .

Other material

SLOVENIA – VL15 • 3 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; Buje ; 27 Sep. 2011; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (316/2011, rev. 2015); PMSL • 2 ♂♂; ibid .; (316a/2011); PMSL • 1 ♀; Mt. Ostrič ; 29 Aug. 2014; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (32/2014); PMSL. – VL23 • 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Poljane pri Podgradu; 15 May 2011; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (40/2012); PMSL • 1 ♂; ibid .; 18 Aug. 2011; (165/2012); PMSL • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; ibid .; 20 May 2012; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (GR 3597−3601, TN det.); PMSL • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; ibid .; 24 Oct. 2013; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (GR 6017, 6018, 6020, TN det.); PMSL • 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; ibid .; 28 Oct. 2013; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (GR 4651, 4653, 4654, 4656, 4657, 4659, TN det.); PMSL • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Mt. Velika Medvižica ; 18 Jul. 2014; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (15/2014); PMSL. – VL24 • 1 ♂; Mala Plešivica , Golac; 20 Sep. 2012; T. Novak leg. (169/2012); PMSL • 1 ♂; ibid .; 5 Oct. 2012; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (PK 20/2012, TN rev. 2018); PMSL • 1 ♀; ibid .; 21 May 2014; P. Kozel and T. Novak leg. (PK 18/2014); PMSL • 1 ♀; ibid .; (PK 18/2014); PMSL • 1 ♂; Mt. Mala Pleševica – Mt. Lipica ; 19 Oct. 2014; T. Novak leg. (26/2015); PMSL • 1 ♂; Obrov – Golac ; 19 Sep. 2011; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (253/2011); PMSL • 1 ♂; Mt. Velika Pleševica ; 19 Oct. 2014; T. Novak leg. (14/2015); PMSL • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; ibid .; (16/2015); PMSL • 1 ♂; Velika vrata , Mt. Velika Pleševica; 6 Oct. 2012; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (186/2012); PMSL • 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; ibid.; (PK 16/2012, TN rev. 2018); PMSL. – VL25 • 1 ♀; Buje – Suhorje ; 27 Sep. 2011; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (298/2011); PMSL. – VL26 • 3 ♂♂; Fameljska loza , Senožeče; 1 Oct. 2011; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (351/2011); PMSL. – VL33 ; PMSL • 3 ♂♂; Starod ; 25 Sep. 2011; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (269/2011); PMSL. – VL34 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Harije ; 19 Sep. 2011; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (224a/2011); PMSL. – VL43 • 2 ♀♀; Novokrajska jama cave , Cad. No. 810, Novokračine; 21 Jul. 2006; P. Trontelj and M. Zagmajster leg. (PK and TN 96/2020); PMSL • Novokračine ; 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; 27 Sep. 2011; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (307/2011, rev. 2015); PMSL. – VL44 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Jablanica – Trpčane ; 9 Sep. 2011; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (252/2011, rev. 2015); PMSL. – VL53 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Mt. Šešnovica ; 27 Sep. 2011; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (300/2011); PMSL. – VL54 • 1 ♀; Bezgovec , Zabiče; 13 Nov.–10 Dec. 2002; B. Drovenik and A. Gergeli leg. (PK 50/2012; TN rev. 2018); PMSL • 1 ♀; ibid .; 16 Oct.–13 Nov. 2002; B. Drovenik and A. Gergeli leg. (PK 58/2012; TN rev. 2018); PMSL • 1 ♂; Mt. Snežnik ; 12 Sep. 2018; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (116b/2018); PMSL. – VL84 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Pleš , Borovec pri Kočevski Reki ; 19 Sep. 2013; T. Novak leg. (60/2013, rev. 2015); PMSL. – VL87 • 1 ♂; Veliki Grintovec , Zagradec, Žužemberk; 10 May 2008; L. Slana Novak and T. Novak leg. (117/2011, rev. 2015); PMSL .

Description

Male (holotype)

BODY. Length 1.63, width 1.26.

CHELICERAE. Ch basal article (without Apo) length 0.57, 2.5 times as long as wide at Ch max width at dorsal hump, and with a saw-like series of 1–3 μm high denticles on anterior margin of ventral hump (not visible on Figs). Ch-Apo small, 0.31 times as high as basal article length, rounded-trapezoid, widest distally, highest posteriorly; Ch-Apo height 0.18, max width 0.15, min width 0.09 (at the base), frontal margin quarter moon-like. Secretion field medially. Distal article length 0.58, max width 0.19, movable finger length 0.23 ( Figs 4G , 5G , 6G ).

PEDIPALPS. Pa-Tr oval-trapezoid, moderately high (Pa-Tr height:length ~ 0.6:1), Pa-Fe moderately robust (Pa-Fe min:max width ~1:3.0), with 7 subequidistant low, stout, irregularly shaped tubercles and denticles in the distal Pa-Fe half. Pa-Pt moderately robust (length: max width ~ 1:4.0) ( Figs 5G , 6G ). Pa article lengths in Table 10 .

PENIS. Pe length 1.44, base 0.45, glans 0.12, stylus 0.07 ( Figs 7G , 8G ).

LEGS. Pseudoarticle leg-Fe formula I−IV: 0−1−1−2. Tarsomere leg-Fe formula I−IV: 8−17−8−9. Leg article lengths in Table 10 .

Female

BODY. Length 2.23, width 1.60.

CHELICERAE. Ch basal article length 0.60, 2.9 times as long as wide at dorsal hump, with slightly, evenly arched dorsal margin in front dorsal indentation, and medial straight portion in middle of slightly concave ventral margin ( Fig. 13F ). Distal article length 0.63, max width 0.20, movable finger length 0.23.

PEDIPALPS. Pa-Tr with moderately high, arched, with straight posterior portion of dorsal margin, Pa-Fe slightly widened distally; Pa-Pt, Pa-Ti and Pa-Ta elongated ( Fig. 13F ). Pa article lengths in Table 10 .

OVIPOSITOR. Ovipositor length 0.94, Rec sem of 12–14 slightly elongated vesicles ( Fig. 11G ).

LEGS. Leg article lengths in Table 10 .

Distribution

Croatia, Slovenia. Vertical distribution in Slovenia: 320−1030 m a.s.l. Type locality: Poljane pri Podgradu (45.50° N, 14.10° E, 597 m a.s.l.), Slovenia.

Ecology

Nemastoma b. martensi ssp. nov. is native to lowland to submontane habitats with thermophile scrub and Quercetalia pubescenti–petraeae and Tilia platyphyllos Scop. forest communities, with partly substantial admixture of Fagus sylvatica and Corylus avellana L. in southwestern Slovenia. Phenology: adults probably eurychronous.

Figures

Fig. 2. The complete distributional area of the Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 complex, according to Gruber & Martens (1968), Martens (2006), Schönhofer & Holle (2007) and own data, with marked positions of the type localities of the taxa.

Fig. 3. Distributional areas of six subspecies (circles) and hybrids (triangles, squares) within the Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 in Slovenia and adjacent regions. Note that many localities overlap on the map.

Fig. 4. Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 complex, ♂♂. Ch basal articles (medial, lateral views).

Fig. 5. Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 complex, ♂♂. Pa (medial view).

Fig. 6. Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 complex, ♂♂. Synchroscopic images of the male Ch basal article and Pa-Fe (medial views, except G, right figure, which is in dorso-medial view).

Fig. 7. Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 complex. Penes (lateral view). Note: The penis of N. pluridentatum (Hadži, 1973) stat. nov. is unknown.

Fig. 8. Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 complex. Glans (dorsal and lateral views). Note: The penis of N. pluridentatum (Hadži, 1973) stat. nov. is unknown.

Fig. 9. Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 complex, ♂♂. Variation of the Ch basal article (medial view) in species, subspecies and hybrids.

Fig. 10. Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 complex, ♂♂. Variation of the Pa-Fe (A–B first image, C, D–E first image, F–G first image; H–J, L–M right, N–O: lateral view; the others in dorso-medial view to show the armament).

Fig. 11. Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 complex, ♀♀; Rec sem (lateral view, right portion, except F left figure, which is in dorsal view). A. The frame encloses the ovipositor portion with Rec sem. Note: Female N. pluridentatum (Hadži, 1973) stat. nov. is unknown.

Fig. 12. Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 complex, ♂♂. From left to right: Ch basal article (medial, lateral views), Pa (medial view) and Pe tip (dorsal, lateral views). Arrows indicate the most identifying characters. Note: Pe of N. pluridentatum (Hadži, 1973) stat. nov. is unknown.

Fig. 13. Nemastoma bidentatum Roewer, 1914 complex, ♀♀. From left to right: Silhouettes of the Ch basal article, Pa (both medial view) and Rec sem. Arrows indicate the most identifying characters. Note: female N. pluridentatum (Hadži, 1973) stat. nov. is unknown.