Glyptapanteles brianestjaquesae Arias-Penna, sp. nov.

Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., 2019, A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador, ZooKeys 890, pp. 1-685 : 1

Glyptapanteles brianestjaquesae Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Figs 39 , 40

Female.

Body length 3.03 mm, antenna length 2.98 mm, fore wing length 2.63 mm.

Type material.

Holotype: COSTA RICA • 1♀; 02-SRNP-2950, DHJPAR0000261; Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector El Ensayo, Camino Ensayo ; rain forest; 500 m; 10.95152, -85.37388; 01.v.2002; Carolina Cano leg.; caterpillar collected in third instar; white single bud-like cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate; adult parasitoids emerged on 10.v.2002; ( CNC) . Paratypes. • 18 (3♀, 3♂) (8♀, 4♂); 02-SRNP-2950, DHJPAR0000261; same data as for holotype; ( CNC) .

Other material.

Reared material. COSTA RICA: Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector Rincón Rain Forest, Sendero Rincon : • 10 (3♀, 3♂) (2♀, 2♂); 02-SRNP-7651, DHJPAR0000263; 430 m; 10.8962, -85.27769; 04.vii.2002; Freyci Vargas leg. ; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; white single bud-like cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 06.vii.2002; adult parasitoids emerged on 14.vii.2002.

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector San Cristóbal, Rio Blanco Abajo : 14 (3♀, 3♂) (8♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-2053, DHJPAR0030994; rain forest; 500 m; 10.90037, -85.37254; 21.v.2007; Anabelle Cordoba leg. ; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; white bud-like cocoons adhered very lightly to the leaf and formed on 14.v.2007; adult parasitoids emerged on 21.v.2007.

Diagnosis.

Inner margin of eyes straight throughout, medioanterior pit of metanotum circular without median longitudinal carina ( Fig. 40D ), mesoscutum punctation distinct throughout ( Figs 39B , 40B ), phragma of the scutellum partially exposed ( Figs 39E , 40D ), petiole on T1 virtually parallel-sided over most of length but narrowing over distal 1/3 and finely sculptured ( Figs 39F , 40E ), propodeum without a median longitudinal dent ( Fig. 40D ), lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 distally losing definition on T2 ( Figs 39F , 40E ), and fore wing with r vein straight, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins forming a stub ( Figs 39G , 40G ).

Coloration

( Fig. 39A ). General body coloration brown-black although some areas on body are light brown/reddish as propleuron, parts of both dorsal and ventral furrows of pronotum, epicnemial ridge, distal-ventral corner of mesopleuron, distal corners of mesoscutum, lunules and lateral ends of dorsal ATS groove; proximal part of scape and apex of pedicel yellow-brown; labrum, mandibles, glossa, maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae yellow. Eyes gray/black and ocelli silver. Fore and middle legs yellow except fore claws brown; hind legs yellow except 3/4 coxae brown/reddish with 1/4 distal yellow (in the inner side, the yellow coloration expanded until covers the distal half), femora with a tiny brown spot at the apex, apex of tibiae brown and tarsomeres brown although basitarsus with a proximal yellow ring. Petiole on T1 brown-black and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median and adjacent areas brown, limits of adjacent area smeary, and lateral ends yellow-brown; T3 medially brown without defined shape, remaining area on T3 yellow-brown; T4 and beyond yellow-brown/brown; distally each tergum with a narrow yellowish transparent band. In lateral view, T1-3 yellow with little spots brown; T4 and beyond yellow, but dorsally light brown, extent of brown area remains constant in each tergum. All sterna yellow; ovipositor sheaths brown.

Description.

Head ( Fig. 39A ). Head rounded with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.25:0.08, 0.24:0.08, 0.24:0.08), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.13:0.06, 0.11:0.06), antenna shorter than body (2.98, 3.03); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face shape flat or nearly so, finely punctate-lacunose, interspaces smooth, and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctuate, and interspaces clearly smooth. Inner margin of eyes straight throughout; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.07, 0.11). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally rounded and dorsally wide.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 39 A–C, E ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum proximally convex and distally flat, punctation distinct throughout and interspaces smooth. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with BS, scutellar punctation distinct throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM; ATS demilune inner side with a row of foveae; dorsal ATS groove with carinae only proximally. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation with same kind of sculpture as mesoscutum and nearly at the same level as mesoscutum (flat) and depressed centrally. Metanotum with BM wider than PFM (clearly differentiated); MPM circular without median longitudinal carina; AFM with a small lobe and not as well delineated as PFM; PFM thick and smooth; ATM proximally with semircular/undulate carina and distally smooth. Propodeum without median longitudinal carina, proximal half weakly curved with medium-sized sculpture and distal half rugose with a shallow dent at each side of nucha; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle distally framed by faintly concave/wavy carina; nucha surrounded by at most three short carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum and dorsal furrow smooth, but ventral furrow with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with fine punctations throughout and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum flat or nearly so. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove smooth, shiny and shallow, but visible; epicnemial ridge elongated more fusiform (tapering at both ends).

Legs ( Fig. 39A ). Ventral margin of fore telotarsus entire, but with a tiny curved seta, fore telotarsus proximally narrow and distally wide, and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.11, 0.06). Medially hind coxa smooth, dorsally with scattered punctation and ventrally with dense punctation, dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.22, 0.15); entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.13, 0.12).

Wings ( Fig. 39G, H ). Fore wing with r vein straight; 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming an angle at their junction and outer side of junction forming a slight stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with microtrichiae virtually throughout; veins 2CUa and 2CUb completely spectral; vein 2 cu-a present as spectral vein, sometimes difficult to see; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a straight, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe very narrow, subdistally and subproximally evenly convex, and setae evenly scattered in the margin.

Metasoma ( Fig. 38A, D, F, I ). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 finely sculptured on distal half, virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but narrowing over distal 1/3 and apex truncate (length 0.39, maximum width 0.23, minimum width 0.11), petiole with scattered pubescence on distal half. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.15, length T2 0.15), edges of median area obscured by weak longitudinal stripes, median area broader than long (length 0.15, maximum width 0.25, minimum width 0.10); T2 with scarce pubescence throughout. T3 longer than T2 (0.22, 0.15) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense.

Cocoons. White or beige bud-like cocoons with body ridge-shaped and silk fibers evenly smooth. Single cocoons adhered very lightly to the leaf substrate.

Male

( Fig. 40 A–H ). The sterna are darker in coloration than females.

Etymology.

Briane St. Jaques is collections data manager at the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario ( BIO), University of Guelph, Ontario, CA, since 2011.

Distribution.

Parasitized caterpillars were collected in Costa Rica, ACG, Sector El Ensayo (Camino Ensayo), Sector Rincón Rain Forest (Sendero Rincón), and Sector San Cristóbal ( Río Blanco Abajo), during May and July 2002, and May 2007 at 430 m and 500 m in rain forest.

Biology.

The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious.

Host.

Drugera morona Druce ( Notodontidae : Heterocampinae) feeding on Ossaea micrantha and Conostegia micrantha ( Melastomataceae ). Rhuda difficilis Schaus ( Notodontidae : Heterocampinae) feeding on Conostegia micrantha ( Melastomataceae ). Caterpillars were collected in third and fourth instar.

Figures

Figure 38. Glyptapanteles boharti sp. nov. male 01 - SRNP- 21185 DHJPAR 0000016 A Habitus B, C Head B Lateral view C Dorsal view D Flagellomeres E Hind coxa, lateral view F Genitalia: Parameres, lateral view G, H, J Mesosoma G Dorsolateral view H Ventrolateral view J Lateral view I T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view K Metasoma, lateral view L, M Wings L Fore M Hind.

Figure 39. Glyptapanteles brianestjaquesae sp. nov. female 02 - SRNP- 2950 DHJPAR 0000261 A Habitus B, C Mesosoma, B dorsolateral view C Lateral view D Metasoma, lateral view E Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view F T 1 - 3, dorsolateral view G, H Wings G Fore H Hind I Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view.

Figure 40. Glyptapanteles brianestjaquesae sp. nov. male 02 - SRNP- 2950 DHJPAR 0000261 A Habitus B, C Mesosoma, B dorsolateral view C Lateral view D Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view E T 1 - 3, dorsolateral view F Metasoma, lateral view G, H Wings G Fore H Hind.