Orchestina aureola, Tong, Yanfeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2011

Tong, Yanfeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2011, Six new Orchestina species from Hainan Island, China (Araneae, Oonopidae), Zootaxa 3061, pp. 36-52 : 37-38

Orchestina aureola sp. nov.

Figures 1A–B , 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A–C, 6A–F

Type material: Holotype male ( IZCAS Ar 19347), China: Hainan, Lingshui, Diaoluoshan, lakeside hill, 935 m a.s.l., 18°43.387´N, 109°51.273´E, 10 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 12 male and 23 female paratypes ( IZCAS Ar 19346), same data as holotype; 10 male and 79 female paratypes ( IZCAS Ar 19364), same data as holotype, Plank road side, 963 m a.s.l., 18°43.631´N, 109°51.939´E, 7 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 31 male and 59 female paratypes ( IZCAS Ar 19365), same data as holotype, 930 m, 18°43.664´N, 109°52.704´E, 6 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng.

Additional material: 1 male and 6 females ( IZCAS Ar 19338), same data as holotype, Plank road side, 978 m a.s.l., 18°43.673´N, 109°51.827´E, 9 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 8 females ( IZCAS Ar 19344), same data as holotype, on the roadside to an unnamed Waterfall, 505 m a.s.l., 18°40.440´N, 109°52.600´E, 10 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 2 males and 3 females ( IZCAS Ar 19336), same data as holotype; 1 male and 9 females ( IZCAS Ar 19345), same data as holotype, on the roadside to an unnamed Waterfall, 494 m, 18°40.440´N, 109°52.600´E, 10 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 3 males and 19 females ( IZCAS Ar 19343), same data as holotype, Plank road side, 948 m a.s.l., 18°43.599´N, 109°51.991´E, 8 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 13 males and 60 females ( IZCAS Ar 19342), same data as holotype, Plank road side, 956 m a.s.l., 18°43.599´N, 109°51.991´E, 8 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 1 female ( IZCAS Ar 19337), same data as holotype, Plank road side, 985 m a.s.l., 18°43.673´N, 109°51.827´E, 8 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 1 male ( IZCAS Ar 19340), same data as holotype, Plank road side, 963 m a.s.l., 18°43.631´N, 109°51.939´E, 7 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 37 males and 38 females ( IZCAS Ar 19341), same data as holotype, 948 m a.s.l., 18°43.644´N, 109°52.704´E, 6 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 2 males and 19 females ( IZCAS Ar 19339), same data as holotype, Plank road side, 985 m a.s.l., 18°43.673´N, 109°51.827´E, 9 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 3 females ( IZCAS Ar 19349), China: Hainan, Baisha, Yinggeling, Yinggezui Protection Station, 609 m a.s.l., 19°03.050´N, 109°33.887´E, 24 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 44 females ( IZCAS Ar 19354), same data as above, 678 m a.s.l., 9°03.047´N, 109°33.782´E, 21 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 5 females ( IZCAS Ar 19352), same data as above, 797 m a.s.l., 19°02.884´N, 109°33.529´E, 22 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 55 females ( IZCAS Ar 19355), same data as above, 693 m a.s.l., 19°03.049´N, 109°33.751´E, 25 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 12 females ( IZCAS Ar 19350), same data as above, 678 m a.s.l., 19°03.047´N, 109°33.782´E, 21 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 32 females ( IZCAS Ar 19353), same data as above, 797 m a.s.l., 19°02.884´N, 109°33.529´E, 22 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 2 males and 50 females ( IZCAS Ar 19351), same data as above, 728 m a.s.l., 19°02.933´N, 109°33.654´E, 22 August 2010, G. Zheng leg.; 15 females ( IZCAS Ar 19348), same data as above, 663 m a.s.l., 19°03.049´N, 109°33.751´E, 25 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 2 males and 2 females ( IZCAS Ar 19359), China: Ledong, Jianfengling, Mingfenggu, 1017 m a.s.l., 18°44.658´N, 108°50.435´E, 18 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 2 females ( IZCAS Ar 19358), same data as above, Mingfenggu, 1017 m a.s.l., 18°44.658´N, 108°50.435´E, 18 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 13 females ( IZCAS Ar 19357), same data as above, crossing to Fifth subarea, 864 m a.s.l., 18°44.272´N, 108°52.015´E, 13 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 2 males and 10 females ( IZCAS Ar 19356), same data as above, on the road to Fifth subarea, 959 m a.s.l., 18°44.026´N, 108°52.460´E, 15 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 8 males and 24 females ( IZCAS Ar 19363), same data as above, on the road to Fifth subarea, 975 m a.s.l., 18°44.026´N, 108°52.460´E, 15 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 1 male and 5 females ( IZCAS Ar 19362), same data as above, on the road to Fifth subarea, 975 m a.s.l., 18°44.051´N, 108°52.317´E, 14 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 14 males and 86 females ( IZCAS Ar 19356), same data as above, crossing to Fifth subarea, 855 m a.s.l., 18°44.272´N, 108°52.015´E, 13 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng; 1 male and 11 females ( IZCAS Ar 19360), same data as above, Chahekou Protection Station, 235 m a.s.l., 18°44.727´N, 108°59.632´E, 17 August 2010, leg. G. Zheng.

Etymology: The specific name is an adjective and refers to the beautiful, yellow carapace.

Diagnosis: The new species is most similar to O. sinensis Xu, 1987 and O. flava Ono, 2005 , but can be distinguished from O. sinensis by the shape of the male endites and female genitalia, and from O. flava by the enlarged tibia of the male palp and the shape of the female genitalia.

Description: Male. Total length 0.92, carapace length 0.49, carapace width 0.39, abdomen length 0.53. Habitus as in Figs 1A, B . Color in alcohol: Carapace yellow, abdomen, legs and palp pale yellow. Cephalothorax: Carapace oval, surface smooth, without any pattern, with some long setae on top surface, pars cephalica slightly elevated in lateral view, with rounded posterolateral corners. Clypeus ( Fig. 3A ) margin unmodified, curved downwards in front view, sloping forward in lateral view, high, ALE separated from edge of carapace by their diameter or more; setae present, needle-like. Eyes six, well developed, PME largest; posterior eye row recurved from above; ALE-PLE touching, PME touching throughout most of their length. Sternum (Fig. 2A) longer than wide, yellow, without radial furrows between coxae, surface smooth; setae sparse, needle-like, evenly scattered, without hair tufts. Mouthparts: Chelicerae straight, anterior face unmodified; labium shortened hexagon, not fused to sternum, anterior margin not indented at middle; endites (Figs 2A, 6D) strongly sclerotized, distally not excavated, outer margin with row of denticles. Abdomen ovoid, without any pattern; pedicel tube short, unmodified, scuto-pedicel region unmodified. Legs without color pattern; femur IV thickened, much larger than femora I–III. Male genitalia ( Figs 6 A–C): Tibia of palp enlarged, cymbium small. Bulbus cucurbitshaped, the sclerotized seminal duct strongly curved and visible through the cuticle of the palpal bulb. Embolus short.

Female. Total length 1.26, carapace length 0.62, carapace width 0.46, abdomen length 0.64. As in male except as noted. Endites with serrula. Female genitalia: Ventral view ( Figs 4 A, 6E): without special external features, the internal genital structures shining through the integument. Dorsal view ( Figs 5A–C , 6 F): Medially a cylindershaped sclerite, the anterior part of which shows two long lateral protrusions; ventral to the sclerite a long duct; the duct connects anteriorly to a massive ventral membrane; posterior of the sclerite a dorsal plate.

Variation: The sclerite of the female genitalia varies greatly in length and shape ( Figs 5A–C ).

Distribution: Known only from Hainan Island.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Female abdomen, ventral view. A. Orchestina aureola sp. nov.; B. Orchestina clavulata sp. nov.; C. Orchestina tubulata sp. nov.; D. Orchestina truncatula sp. nov.; E. Orchestina yinggezui sp. nov.; F. Orchestina zhengi sp. nov. (black arrow shows the transverse cuticle fold). Scales: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 6. Orchestina aureola sp. nov. A. Male left palp, prolateral view; B. Male left palp, retrolateral view; C. Male left palp, dorsal view; D. Male endites, ventral view; E. Female genitalia, ventral view; F. Female genitalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Dc: duct; Dp: dorsal plate; Pr: lateral protrusions; Sc: sclerite; Vm: ventral membrane. Scales: A – E, 0.1 mm; F, 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 1. A – H. Male, dorsal and lateral views; I – M. Female, dorsal and lateral views. A – B. Orchestina aureola sp. nov.; C – D. Orchestina clavulata sp. nov.; E – F. Orchestina truncatula sp. nov.; G – H. Orchestina tubulata sp. nov.; I – J. Orchestina yinggezui sp. nov.; K – M. Orchestina zhengi sp. nov. Scales: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 3. A, B, D, E. Male prosoma, frontal view; C, Male chelicerae, lateral view. A. Orchestina aureola sp. nov.; B. Orchestina clavulata sp. nov.; C – D. Orchestina truncatula sp. nov. (white arrow shows the proximal apophysis, black arrow shows the characteristic distal setae); E. Orchestina tubulata sp. nov.. Scales: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 5. A – E, G, H, J. Female genitalia, dorsal view. F, I. Female genitalia, ventral view. A – C. Orchestina aureola sp. nov.; D. Orchestina clavulata sp. nov.; E. Orchestina truncatula sp. nov.; F – G. Orchestina tubulata sp. nov.; H. Orchestina yinggezui sp. nov.; I – J. Orchestina zhengi sp. nov. (black arrow shows the transverse cuticle fold); Scales: 0.05 mm.