Opsiphanes cuspidatus cuspidatus Stichel, 1904

Piovesan, Mônica, Casagrande, Mirna Martins & Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, 2022, Systematics of Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini): an integrative approach, Zootaxa 5216 (1), pp. 1-278 : 229-233

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5216.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F9C92B91-42CF-4D2D-B315-14FF801815D4
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F391911-FF49-FF28-C3EF-FF21BCA34878
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Opsiphanes cuspidatus cuspidatus Stichel, 1904
status	stat. nov.

Treatment

Opsiphanes cuspidatus cuspidatus Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.

( Figs 213–217 View FIGURE 213 View FIGURE 214 View FIGURE 215 View FIGURE 216 View FIGURE 217 )

Opsiphanes invirae cuspidatus Stichel, 1904 View in CoL , in Wytsman. Gen. Ins. 20, p. 21; male, female, Chiriquí, Panama, collection Stichel.—Fruhstorfer, 1907. Int. ent. Ztschr. 1 (5): 30.— Stichel, 1908. Berl. ent. Ztschr. 52 (3): 169.— Stichel, 1909. Das Tierreich 25: 85, fig. 21 (male d, v).— Fruhstorfer, 1912, in Seitz. Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, p. 301, 304.— Stichel, 1932. Lep. Cat. 51, p. 45.— Blandin, 1977. Publ. Lab. Zool. l‘École norm. sup., Paris, 9: 169; biogeogr.— D’Abrera, 1987. Butt. Neotrop. Reg. 3, p. 412, 414 (fig. male v).— DeVries, 1987. Butt. Costa Rica, p. 251, pl. 42, figs 1, 2 (male d, v), 3 (female d); biol., ecol.— Bristow, 1991. Zool. Jour. Linn. Soc. 101 (3): 257, 261, figs 22a (male d, v), 23a (female d, v); LECTOTYPUS.—Andrade, 2002, in Costa et al. Monogr. Terc. Milenio, Zaragoza, 2: 162.— Casagrande, 2004. Brassolini View in CoL , in Lamas (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A, p. 204.

Opsiphanes invirae View in CoL ? cuspidatus View in CoL or subsp. nov.; Bristow, 1991. Zool. Jour. Linn. Soc. 101 (3): 258, fig. 22c (male d, v).

Taxonomic history. Fruhstorfer (1912) reproduced the information provided by Stichel (1909). DeVries (1987) illustrated the male and female. Bristow (1991) selected as a lectotype the specimen illustrated by Stichel (1909) and D’Abrera (1987).

Type material. Opsiphanes invirae cuspidatus Stichel, 1904 was described based on an unknown number of males and females from Chiriquí, Panama, deposited in the Stichel collection. Bristow (1991) designated a male as the lectotype, deposited at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Typus/ Type/ LECTOTYPE / Panama Bugaba e. c. H. Stichel/ O. invirae cuspidatus Stichel Type/ Rothschild Bequest B. M. 1939-1./.

Diagnosis. Opsiphanes cuspidatus cuspidatus stat. nov. differs from Opsiphanes cuspidatus relucens stat. nov. in having the oblique bands of DFW and VFW usually of equal width ( Figs 213–215 View FIGURE 213 View FIGURE 214 View FIGURE 215 ).

Variation. FW, length: male: 37–41 mm (n=10), female: 44–49 mm (n=10). DFW, the width, color, and length of the oblique band, which may be interrupted on CuA 2. DHW, the submarginal yellow band usually extends from the costal margin to M 2; between M 2 and CuA 2, this band widens and becomes rusty red, which merges with the ground color or extends toward the basal region; the length of the band in this region is limited by the distal portion of the discal cell, and this character can be easily seen in females. VFW, the width of the oblique band, and in males from M 3 -CuA 1 to the anal angle this band may be continuous or interrupted; a dark-brown spot may be present between M 3 and CuA 1; also in males, the EIII submarginal line may or may not exceed CuA 1. VHW, the size and shape of the eyespot between Sc+R 1 and M 1, and width of its dark-brown ring; the size and shape of the eyespot between M 3 and CuA 2; and the zigzag EII and EIII submarginal lines are not always evident.

Natural history. Occurs in forested environments ( DeVries 1987) ( Figs 213–215 View FIGURE 213 View FIGURE 214 View FIGURE 215 ).

Geographic distribution. Costa Rica (Alajuela, Guanacaste) ; Panama (Chiriquí, Bocas del Toro, Panamá, Colón, Darién) ; Colombia (Santander) ; Ecuador (Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas) ( Fig. 216 View FIGURE 216 ), at altitudes between sea level and 1,000 m .

Temporal distribution. January–November.

Etymology. Name probably refers to the shape of the FW apex, described by Stichel (1904).

Specimens examined. Photos of the lectotypus of Opsiphanes cuspidatus cuspidatus Stichel, 1904 stat. nov., and the following specimens: COSTA RICA: no data, 1 male , USNMENT01590194 ( USNM), 25-XI-07, 1 female, A. Tonduz leg. , USNMENT01590195 ( USNM). Guanacaste — Área de Conservación Guanacaste ( Estación Quica ), 10.99697, -85.39666, 470 m, 22-X-2008, 1 female, L. Siezar leg. GoogleMaps , USNMENT01590183 ( USNM), 30-IX-2012, 1 male, R. Calero leg. , USNMENT01590768 ( USNM). Alajuela — Área de Conservación Guanacaste ( Rio Areno ), 10.91407, -85.38174, 460 m, 2-XI-2005, 1 male, O. Espinoza leg. GoogleMaps , USNMENT01590176 ( USNM), ( Laureles ), 10.93319, -85.25335, 95 m, 24-IX-2006, 1 male, J. Pérez leg. GoogleMaps , USNMENT01590177 ( USNM), ( Quebrada Bambú ), 10.9301, -85.25205, 109 m, 10-VIII-2012, 1 male, C. Umaña leg. GoogleMaps , USNMENT01590179 ( USNM), ( Estación Botarrama ), 10.95991, -85.28298, 160 m, 12-X-2009, 1 male, 1 female GoogleMaps , 29-XI-2011, 2 females, K. Aragón leg., USN- MENT01590182, 01590184, USNMENT01590185, 01590193 ( USNM), ( Estación Llanura ), 10.93332, -85.25331, 135 m, 29-VII-2012, 1 female, M. Moraga leg. GoogleMaps , USNMENT01590186 ( USNM), 1 female , 4-IX-2009, 1 male, 24-VI-2011, 1 male, 4-IX-2009, 1 female, 23-VII-2011, 1 male, 5 females, C. Umaña leg., USNMENT01590178, 01590180, 01590181, 01590187–01590192, 01590770 ( USNM). PANAMA: Bocas del Toro — Changuinola , 20-IV-1985, 1 male, R. W. Flowers leg. , UFFLMNH MGCL 1092430 ( MGCL). Panamá —no locality, 30-V- 1944, 1 male , 30-III-1944, 1 male , I– IV-1944, 4 males, W. H. Wagner Jr. leg., USNMENT01590197–01590202 ( USNM); Paraíso , 30-I-11, 1 male, A. Busck leg. , USNMENT01590203 ( USNM); Madden Forest , 1-VIII-1969, 1 female, G. B. Small leg. , UFFLMNH MGCL 1092397 ( MGCL), 23-VII-1969, 3 males, 1 female, G. B. Small leg. ,

USNMENT01590204, 01590206, 01590208, 01590210 (USNM), 7-II-1968, 1 male, S. S. Nicolay leg., USN- MENT01590205 ( USNM) , 11-VIII-1969, 1 male, 24-VII-1969, 1 male, R. Jae leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1092420, 1092421 ( MGCL) , 7-II-1968, 1 male, H. L. King leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1092428 ( MGCL) , 17-VIII-1969, 1 male, J. J. Bowe leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1092431 ( MGCL) . Colón —Gatún , 15-X-1972, 1 male, 1-XI-1972, 1 male, H. L. King leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1092422, 1092423 ( MGCL) ; Piña , 200 m, 31-VII-1970, 1 male, 30-VII- 1970, 1 male, 7-VII-1970, 1 male, 10-VII-1972, 1 male, 21-VII-1972, 1 male, H. L. King leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1092424–1092427, 1092429 ( MGCL) ; Cristóbal , 6-VIII-1975, 1 male, UFFLMNH MGCL 1092419 ( MGCL) . Darién —Cana , 400 m, 2-VIII-1981, 1 male, G. B. Small leg., USNMENT01590209 ( USNM) . COLOMBIA: Santander — Río Suárez , 900– 1,000 m, 11–28-VIII-1946, 1 male, L. Richter leg., ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352466 ( AMNH) . ECUADOR: Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas — Santo Domingo de los Colorados ( Tinalandia ), 700 m, 20-V-1985, 1 male, C. V. Covell Jr. leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1092434 ( MGCL) .