Liogenys bidentata Burmeister, 1855

Cherman, Mariana Alejandra, Mise, Kleber Makoto, Moron †, Miguel Angel, Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z. & Almeida, Lucia Massutti de, 2017, A taxonomic revision of Liogenys occurring in Brazil with an interactive key and remarks on New World Diplotaxini (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae), ZooKeys 699, pp. 1-120 : 12-16

Liogenys bidentata Burmeister, 1855 Figs 57, 89

L. bidentata Burmeister, 1855:13 (orig. desc.); Blackwelder 1944: 227 (check.); Evans 2003: 207 (check.); Evans and Smith 2005: 171 (check.); Evans and Smith 2009: 175 (check.)

L. bidentatus : Harold 1869a: 1140 (check.); Dalla Torre 1913: 319 (check.); Frey 1969: 43 (key).

Type material.

Liogenys bidentata male syntype (MLUH): [green handwritten] " bidentata /Burm/Bras/Kll", [white handwritten] "Type/ Liogenys / bidentatus /Burm/[printed] det. G. Frey, 1967/68", [white printed] "prof. Hüsing/Halle”. This type is here designated the lectotype: [white, outlined in red, printed] "LECTOTYPE/ Liogenys bidentata /Burmeister, 1851/des. M. A. Cherman 2014." Female syntype (MLUH): [white handwritten] “124”, [white handwritten] "Type/ Liogenys / bidentatus /Burm/[printed] det. G. Frey, 1967/68", [white printed] "prof. Hüsing/Halle”. This type is here designated as the paralectotype [white, outlined in red, printed] "PARALECTOTYPE/ Liogenys bidentata /Burmeister, 1851/des. M. A. Cherman 2014."

Non-type material.

BRAZIL. PA: Tapajós, without date and collector, 2 ex. (MNHN); MA: Mirador, Parque Estadual Base da Geraldina, 21/VIII/2006, F. Li meira-de-Oliveira col., 7 ex. (CEMT); CE: Beberibe, 10/XII/2002, A. Lindemberg col., 3 ex. (DZUP); PI: Teresina, 1/I/1953, A. K. Oliveira col., 5 ex. (DZUP); 3 ex. (MNRJ); 14/X/1952, A.G.A. Silva col., 1 ex.; 22/VIII/2006, without collector, 1 ex.; “CCA-UFPI”, 20/V/2008, without collector, 2 ex. (DZUP); RN: IV/1950, M. Alvarenga, 3 ex. (MNRJ); Natal, II/1958, without collector, 1 ex. (DZUP); XII/1956, Magalhães col., 1 ex. (MNRJ); 21/XII/1952, Melo col., 1 ex. (MZSP); Pedro Velho, XII/1953, F. Barros col., 1 ex. (DZUP); 3 ex. (MNRJ); Mossoró, I/1952, M. Alvarenga, 1 ex. (DZUP); Montanhas, XII/1963, without collector, 4 ex. (CEIOC); PE: without date, Weilenmann col., 1 ex. (ZMHB); Tigipió [Recife], 4/XI/1914, Zikan col., 2 ex. (CEIOC); AL: Maceió, without date and collector, 1 ex. (MNHN); SE: (1) Caninde do S Francisco "Faz. Miramar", 8/III/2001, L. Iannuzzi col., 1 ex. (CEMT); BA: without date, G. Bondar col., 1 ex. (NHMB); Juazeiro, without date and collector, 1 ex. (MNRJ); Feira de Santana, 8/XIII/1953, C. R. Gonçalves col., 4 ex. (DZUP); 1 ex. (MNRJ); Maracás, 19/XI/1965, F. M. Oliveira col., 2 ex. (DZUP); Jacobina, XII/1941, Mangabeira col., 1 ex. (CEIOC); Paulo Affonso, "E. E. Raso da Catarina.", 23/X/1982, without collector, 1 ex. (MNRJ); MG: Caraí, XI/1973, M. Alvarenga col., 1 ex. (CMNC); GO: Aragarças, I/1955, F. M. Oliveira col., 3 ex. (DZUP); MT: Jacaré. Parque Nacional Xingu, XI/1961, Alvarenga and Werner col., 4 ex. (DZUP); Utiariti, VII/1961, Lenko col., 2 ex. (MZSP).

Diagnosis.

Body, pronotum and elytra purplish brown to dark brown, elongate; distance between eyes more than twice the width of one eye; clypeal emargination rounded or sub-angled, shallow and wide; lateral margin convex, slightly produced; pronotal posterior corners sharp, obtuse or almost right-angled; prothorax scaly posteriorly; pro-, meso- and metasternum, pro- and metacoxae with white scales; mesotibia cylindrical in cross section; protarsal claws symmetrical; metatarsomere I nearly one-half the size of tarsomere II, equal in width or slightly wider; pygidium flat, sometimes slightly convex; pygidial width exceeding distance between spiracles of propygidium; male genitalia, total length of parameres more than five times the length of their apex; inner margins convergent; apex harpoon-like with lateral angle projecting straight downward (Fig. 57F).

Redescription.

Length: 12.0-13.0 mm; width: 5.7-6.2. Purplish brown. Head: distance between eyes more than twice the width of one eye; frons equal in length to clypeus; clypeal emargination sub-angled, shallow and wide; outer sides of anterior teeth sub-parallel; outer margin of anterior teeth shorter than the eye; lateral margin convex with a barely noticeable rounded projection; canthus not exceeding the outer margin of the eye (Fig. 57D); distal maxillary palpomere, maximum width more than twice width of apex; fovea deep and oval, extending past the transverse midline of the palpomere; labium transversely carinated, as wide as it is long; antenna 10-articulated, lamellae lighter in color than flagellum and in males lamellae and flagellum equal in length. Thorax: anterior margin of pronotum straight, flanged throughout; maximum length of pronotum exceeding the length of tarsomeres I, II and III together; disc glabrous, punctures coarse and sparse; sides distinctly convex, pronotal posterior corners sharp, obtuse or almost right-angled; prothorax scaly posteriorly; proepisternum with long bristles; mesepisternum scaly, as are the sides of metasternum; also with few long bristles on the anterior margin; distance between meso- and metacoxae up to twice the metacoxal length; scutellum ogival, coarsely and sparsely punctured, mainly at the base (Fig. 57D). Elytra: shiny, glabrous, uniform dark brown to purplish; elytra more than three times longer than the pronotum; elytral suture and elytron unicolored, distinctly elevated; the two pairs of inner ridges more noticeable than the two outer pairs (Fig. 57A). Legs: procoxa scaly on infra-carinal and outer surface; punctures visible at 12 × magnification; three protibial teeth, middle and apical equal in size, basal and middle teeth more spaced than middle and apical; inner apical spur present (Fig. 57C); mesocoxa with a tuft of long bristles; mesofemural disc setose, with a row of long bristles on the anterior margin; mesotibia cylindrical in cross section; disc coarsely sculptured, two mesotibial transverse carinae, the apical one complete; basal apophysis of metacoxa produced beyond the outer margin of trochanter; metatibia with apical spurs of different lengths, the longest equal in length to the diameter of the tibial apex; inner margin of male metatibia carinated towards apex, apical inner surface setose; metatibial disc coarsely sculptured; two metatibial transverse carinae present posteriorly; basal metatarsomere nearly one-half the length of tarsomere II and equal in width, in males protarsomere II long; pro- and mesotarsomeres I to IV enlarged, protarsomeres slightly wider than the mesotarsomeres and more than twice as wide as metatarsi; claw bifid, symmetrical, superior tooth longer and narrower than the inferior; distance between teeth as long as the inferior tooth. Abdomen: band of scales visible at the lowest magnification beneath the outer margin of elytra; ventrites bearing short bristles on disc and scarce scales on sides; propygidium visible, with sparse short bristles; pygidium flat, sometimes slightly convex; sub-quadrate, wider than long; pygidial width exceeding distance between propygidium spiracles; pygidial disc bristled only on apex; pygidial apex in males quadrate (Fig. 57E). Parameres: basal region narrower than the parameres together at the maximum width, parameral split at 2/3; total length of parameres more than five times the length of their apex; inner margins convergent; apex harpoon-like, with lateral angle projecting straight downward (Fig. 57F). In lateral view parameres straight, coplanar with basal region (Fig. 57G).

Type-locality.

BRAZIL. São Paulo, Ipanema [ Iperó].

Geographical distribution.

BRAZIL (PA, MA, CE, PI, RN, PE, AL, SE, BA, MG, SP, GO, MT).

Remarks.

Liogenys bidentata resembles L. fusca (Fig. 64) and L. pallidicornis (Fig. 67) and differs from them by the pronotum being coarser and more sparsely punctured, scales on prothorax posteriorly less abundant; mesotibia always cylindrical in cross section and pygidium mostly flat. The shape of parameres is also distinctive.