Sparianthis boraris, Rheims, 2020

Rheims, Cristina A., 2020, Revision of the spider genus Sparianthis Simon, 1880 (Araneae, Sparassidae Sparianthinae), Zootaxa 4890 (2), pp. 151-191 : 159-161

Sparianthis boraris sp. nov.

Figs 17–31 , 144

Type material. Holotype: ³ from Brazil, Pará, Santarém, Altér do Chão [-2.5000, -54.9500], Carapiranga 2, 15 July 2007, M.L.N. Sirotheau leg. ( MPEG 30633 ) . Paratypes: 1³, same locality as holotype, 22 June 2007, B.J.F. Silva leg. ( MPEG 30635 ); 1♀ , same locality as holotype, Anisio , 26 June 2007, E. Borari leg. ( MPEG 30639 ); 1³ , same locality as holotype, Caratinga , 27 June 2007, E. Borari leg. ( IBSP 258329 ); 1♀ , same locality as holotype, São Luis , 2 July 2007, E. Borari leg. ( MPEG 30636 ); 1♀ , Brazil, Pará, Aveiro, Margem do Rio Mamuru, Comuni-dade Cataueré (-3.4135, -56.4065), 26 September 2009, R. R. dos Santos leg. ( IBSP 258330 ) .

Additional material examined. BRAZIL: Pará: 1♀, Juruti, Vista Bela , pista de Pouso (-3.1167, -56.5852), 2 October 2009, N.F. Lo Man Hung leg. ( MPEG 15792 ) ; 1♀, Santarém, Altér do Chão, Paraíso [-2.5000, -54.9500], 17 July 2007, B.J.F. Silva leg. ( MPEG 30630 ) .

Etymology. The specific name refers to the Boraris indigenous community, that inhabited the region of Altér do Ch ã o until the early 18 th century; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. Males of S. boraris sp. nov. resemble those of S. megalopalpa by the palp with mRTA as long as vRTA and longer than dRTA ( Figs 28 , 116 ). They are distinguished from the latter species by vRTA bifid in retrolateral view, with one branch short and blunt and the other longer and conical, and mRTA long, sharply pointed in ventral view and rectangular in retrolateral view (vRTA single branched, conical and mRTA bifid, with two truncated branches in retrolateral view in S. megalopalpa ) ( Figs 27–28 ). Females resemble those of S. caracarai sp. nov. and S. ravida by the epigyne with anterior atrium smooth, as long as wide or slightly longer than wide ( Figs 29 , 36 , 140 ). They are distinguished from S. caracarai sp. nov. by anterior atrium larger than median septum and vulva with first turn anteriad (anterior atrium smaller than median septum and first turn mediad in S. caracarai sp. nov.), and from S. ravida by median septum widest anteriorly and vulva with spermathecae elongate (median septum widest posteriorly and spermathecae rounded in S. ravida ) ( Figs 29–31 ).

Description. Male (holotype): Prosoma brown, darker at eye area, with thin, darker brown lines along thoracic striae; fovea brown; eye borders black. Chelicerae brown, darker than prosoma. Legs and palps lighter than prosoma. Labium and endites brown, distally pale yellowish brown. Sternum brownish cream colored with darker margins. Opisthosoma pale grey; dorsally with brownish gray pattern of irregular elongate marks laterally, few spots around cardiac mark area and one chevron, one triangle and three smaller chevrons down posterior half; ventrally with few irregular marks laterally on posterior half and slender V-shaped lines of muscle sigilla along the entire length of ventral opisthosoma ( Figs 17–18 ). Total length 9.0. Prosoma: 4.4 long, 3.6 wide. Opisthosoma: 4.2 long, 2.6 wide. Eyes: diameters: 0.30, 0.22, 0.16, 0.23; interdistances: 0.21, 0.10, 0.50, 0.25, 0.15, 0.09. Legs (1243): I: 13.6 (3.8, 1.9, 3.5, 3.6, 0.8); II: 12.9 (3.8, 1.9, 3.3, 3.1, 0.8); III: 10.0 (3.2, 1.5, 2.2, 2.4, 0.7); IV: 12.6 (3.7, 1.5, 2.8, 3.6, 1.0). Spination follows the generic pattern. Metatarsi III–IV with ventral distal preening combs. Palp: tibia with prolateral spines short; cymbium with one strong prolateral spine; tegulum with retro-proximal protrusion; TBE squared with apical projection short and laminar; TBC wide, keel-like; embolus slender, with no projections, running distally and curving ventral-proximately at the distal margin of alveolus ( Figs 21–23 , 26–28 ).

Description. Female (paratype, MPEG 30369): Coloration pattern generally lighter than male. Prosoma with fovea barely conspicuous and no lines along thoracic striae. Opisthosoma dorsally with irregular marks laterally, faint smudged area around cardiac mark, one median chevron and three median triangles down posterior half; ventrally with few scattered spots laterally on posterior half and no visible muscle sigilla ( Figs 19–20 ). Total length 10.1. Prosoma: 4.8 long, 3.8 wide. Opisthosoma: 5.1 long, 3.4 wide. Eyes: diameters: 0.32, 0.24, 0.18, 0.24; interdistances: 0.25, 0.15, 0.55, 0.35, 0.17, 0.09. Legs (2143): I: 13.7 (4.0, 2.1, 3.7, 3.2, 0.7); II: 13.8 (4.3, 2.2, 3.4, 3.21, 0.7); III: 10.4 (3.5, 1.7, 2.2, 2.4, 0.6); IV: 13.2 (4.1, 1.5, 2.9, 3.7, 1.0). Spination follows the generic pattern. Metatarsi III–IV with ventral distal preening combs. Epigyne: epigynal field rectangular, slightly longer than wide; anterior atrium squared, as long as wide; median septum 1.5 times longer than wide, with posterior margin rounded ( Figs 24 , 29 ). Vulva: internal ducts slender, half spermathecae width; glandular projection rounded, arising from duct at first turn ( Figs 25 , 30–31 ).

Variation. Males (n = 3): total length 9.0–10.0; prosoma length 4.4–4.6; femur I length 3.8–4.3. Females (n = 5): total length 9.0–12.6; prosoma length 4.3–5.0; femur I length 3.4–4.2.

Distribution. Known from Brazil, western state of Pará ( Fig. 144 ).

Figures

FIGURES 17–20. Sparianthis boraris sp. nov., habitus. 17–18 male, paratype (MPEG 30638) (17 dorsal, 18 ventral); 19–20 female (MPEG 15792) (19 dorsal, 20 ventral). Scale lines: 2 mm.

FIGURES 21–25. Sparianthis boraris sp. nov. 21–23 male, paratype (MPEG 30638) left palp (21 prolateral, 22 ventral, 23 retrolateral); 24–25 female, paratype (MPEG 30636) (24 epigyne, 25 vulva). Scale lines: 1 mm.

FIGURES 26–31. Sparianthis boraris sp. nov. 26–28 male, paratype (MPEG 30638), left palp (26 prolateral, 27 ventral, 28 retrolateral); 29–31 female, paratype (MPEG 30636) (29 epigyne, 30 vulva, 31 schematic course of internal duct system). Scale lines: 1 mm. AA = anterior atrium; af = anterior furrow; ap = apical projection; dRTA = dorsal brach of RTA; lf = lateral furrow; mRTA = medial branch of RTA; MS = median septum; pt = retro-proximal protrusion; TBC = tegular projection at conductor base; TBE = tegular projection at embolus base; vRTA = ventral branch of RTA.

FIGURES 143–144. Distribution maps for Sparianthis spp. 143 S. beebei sp nov., S. caracarai sp. nov., S. granadensis (Keyserling), S. juruti sp. nov., S. magalopalpa (Caporiacco) and S. picta (Simon); 144 S. boraris sp. nov., S. chickeringi (Gertsch), S. crulsi (Mello-Leitão), S. humaita sp. nov., S. juazeiro sp. nov. and S. ravida (Simon).

FIGURES 114–116. Sparianthis megalopalpa (Caporiacco), male (MNHN), left palp (114 prolateral, 115 ventral, 116 retrolateral). Scale lines: 1 mm. ap = apical projection of TBE; dRTA = dorsal branch of RTA; E = embolus; mRTA = medial branch of RTA; TBC = tegular projection at conductor base; TBE = tegular projection at embolus base; vRTA = ventral branch of RTA.

FIGURES 32–38. Sparianthis caracarai sp.nov. 32–34 male, holotype (IBSP 166272), left palp (32 prolateral, 33 ventral, 34 retrolateral); 36–38 female, paratype (IBSP 166267) (36 epigyne, 37 vulva, 38 schematic course of internal duct system). Scale lines: 1 mm. af = anterior furrow; dRTA = dorsal brach of RTA; lf = lateral furrow; mRTA = medial branch of RTA; pt = retroproximal protrusion; TBC = tegular projection at conductor base; TBE = tegular projection at embolus base; vRTA = ventral branch of RTA.

FIGURES 137–142. Sparianthis ravida (Simon). 137–139 male (MPEG 15041), left palp (137 prolateral, 138 ventral, 139 retrolateral); 140–142 female (MPEG 30701) (140 epigyne, 141 vulva, 142 schematic course of internal duct system). Scale lines: 1 mm. af = anterior furrow; ap = apical projection; dRTA = dorsal branch of RTA; lf = lateral furrow; mRTA = median branch of RTA; TBC = tegular projection at conductor base; TBE = tegular projection at embolus base; vRTA = ventral branch of RTA.