Pelecinobaccha summa

Miranda, Gil Felipe Gonçalves, 2017, Revision of the Hybobathus arx and Pelecinobaccha summa species groups (Diptera: Syrphidae), Zootaxa 4338 (1), pp. 1-43 : 25-26

The Pelecinobaccha summa species group

Taxonomic notes. The female segment 6 in the P. summa group has a weak line laterally, indicating an incomplete fusion of the two sclerites of the segment, different from the remaining Pelecinobaccha species. It can be further distinguished from the remaining Pelecinobaccha by the yellow lateral markings and the microtrichose pattern on the scutum, and the usually mostly pale metabasitarsomere ( Miranda et al. 2014).

Usually, the females of this group have a mostly dark frons, with narrow pale lateral margins. However, in females of P. cubensis and P. alia sp. nov. the dark area takes up only around 1/2 of the frons ( Fig. 8j ), in a similar manner to females of the H. arx group ( Fig. 5d ), with the exception that in the latter the dark areas are clearly delimited while in those two species of the P. summa group the margins of the dark areas are more diffuse and not clearly defined ( Fig. 8j ). The abdominal segment 2 is usually longer in the males than on the females of this group. As per Miranda et al. (2014), but with a slight modification, the female sternite 7 of Pelecinobaccha is referred to as the ‘segment 7 lateral sclerite’ to avoid wrong assumptions on homology. The epiproct apodeme is very short and can be distinguished as the triangular basal portion of the fused epiproct and cercus.

The species marked as Ocyptamus SUR-21b in Reemer (2010) was very different from Relictanum johnsoni ( Curran, 1934) and was thought to be a species from the P. summa group. However, on a closer inspection of the specimen, some color patterns proved to be artefacts of preservation and it fits the description of P. cora ( Curran, 1941) ( P. peruviana species group).

Prey records. Based on Miranda et al. (2014, 2016), the most likely prey of this group is within the family Coccidae (Hemiptera) although no prey is known up to now.

Key to species. A picture key is also available at http://keys.inpa.gov.br/?idkey=summagrp.

1. Scutum mostly brown/black laterally ( Fig. 11c ); if scutum mostly yellow laterally, then face mostly brown, yellow restricted to lateral sides ( Fig. 11i )..................................................................... P. summa (Fluke)

- Scutum yellow laterally ( Fig. 10g ); face usually yellow, at most with small brown area on tubercle ( Fig. 10h )............. 2

2. Face brown on tubercle ( Fig. 10h ); frons and frontal triangle mostly black ( Fig. 10h ); abdominal segment 4 longer than wide, central vittae not connected basally to other yellow markings ( Fig. 10e )............................ P. impostor sp. nov.

- Face wholly yellow; frons yellow with narrow central dark vitta ( Fig. 8j ), frontal triangle wholly yellow ( Fig. 9c ); abdominal segment 4 wider than long, central vittae connected basally to baso-lateral yellow markings ( Fig. 8a )................... 3

3. Wing usually with apical dark area ( Fig. 9g ); female abdominal segment 6 longer than basal width ( Fig. 9e ); male genitalia elongated ( Figs 9h & i ); mostly occurring in Central America........................ P. cubensis (Macquart) comb. nov.

- Wing without apical dark area ( Fig. 8d ); female abdominal segment 6 as long as or shorter than basal width ( Fig. 8i ); male genitalia not elongated ( Figs 10j & l ); mostly occurring in South America. ................................ P. alia sp. nov.

Species of the Pelecinobaccha summa group

Figures

FIGURE 5. Hybobathus obsoletus (Curran, 1941) comb. nov. a. Male, Baccha nectarina holotype, habitus, dorsal [copyright President and Fellows of Harvard College (MCZ)]. b. Female, abdomen, dorsal. c. Female, head, frontal. d. Female, head, dorsal. e. Male, Baccha obsoleta holotype, head, oblique dorsal (photo courtesy AMNH). f – i. Male genitalia: f. Epandrium, lateral. g. Epandrium, ventral. h. Hypandrium, lateral. i. Hypandrium, ventral. j – m. Female genitalia: j. Dorsal. k. Apex, dorsal. l. Ventral. m. Lateral. bph: Basiphallus, cerc: Cercus, drk: Dark marking on the face, ep: Epiproct, ind: Ventro-lateral indentation of the hypandrium, pgt: Postgonite, sscl: Subepandrial sclerite, s 2: abdominal segment 2, srs: Surstylus.

FIGURE 8. Pelecinobaccha alia sp. nov. a. Male, holotype, habitus, dorsal. b. Female, habitus, dorsal. c. Male, holotype, habitus, lateral. d. Male, wing. e. Female, abdominal segment 1, dorsal. f. Male, lunule, dorsal. g. Male, holotype, head, oblique dorsal. h. Male, head, oblique dorsal. i. Female, abdominal segments 5 and 6, dorsal. j. Female, head, dorsal. k – n. Male genitalia: k. Epandrium, lateral. l. Hypandrium, lateral. m. Epandrium, ventral. n. Hypandrium, ventral. o – r. Female genitalia: o. abdominal segment 7, lateral. p. abdominal segment 7, dorsal. q. abdominal segment 8 and proctiger, lateral. r. abdominal segment 8 and proctiger, dorsal. bph: Basiphallus, crc: Cercus, ep: Epiproct, lscl: abdominal segment 7 lateral sclerite, oc: Occiput, pl: Apical pile on lunule, pgt: Postgonite, sscl: Subepandrial sclerite, sg 6: abdominal segment 6, srs: Surstylus.

FIGURE 9. Pelecinobaccha cubensis (Macquart, 1850) comb. nov. a. Male, habitus, dorsal. b. Female, habitus, dorsal. c. Male, head, dorsal. d. Female, habitus, lateral. e. Female, abdominal segments 4 – 6, dorsal. f. Male, anepisternum, lateral. g. Male, wing. h – k. Male genitalia: h. Epandrium, lateral. i. Hypandrium, lateral. j. Epandrium, ventral. k. Hypandrium, oblique ventral. l – o. Female genitalia (originally published in Miranda and Moran (2017) by Koninklijke Brill NV publisher): l. abdominal segment 7, dorsal. m. abdominal segment 7, lateral. n. abdominal segment 8 and proctiger, dorsal. o. abdominal segment 8, ventral. aanepst: Anterior anepisternum, bph: Basiphallus, crc: Cercus, ep: Epiproct, lscl: abdominal segment 7 lateral sclerite, panepst: Posterior anepisternum, pgt: Postgonite, sscl: Subepandrial sclerite, sg 6: abdominal segment 6, srs: Surstylus.

FIGURE 10. Pelecinobaccha impostor sp. nov. a. Male, holotype, habitus, dorsal. b. Female, habitus, dorsal. c. Male, holotype, habitus, lateral. d. Female, habitus, lateral. e. Male, abdominal segments 4 and 5, dorsal. f. Female, abdominal segments 5 and 6, dorsal. g. Female, pleuron, lateral. h. Male, holotype, head and thorax, oblique lateral. i – l. Male genitalia: i. Epandrium, ventral. j. Epandrium, lateral. k. Hypandrium, ventral. l. Hypandrium, lateral. m. Female, abdominal segment 6, lateral. n – q. Female genitalia: n. abdominal segment 7, lateral. o. abdominal segment 8 and proctiger, lateral. p. abdominal segment 7, dorsal. q. abdominal segment 8 and proctiger, dorsal. aanepst: Anterior anepisternum, bph: Basiphallus, crc: Cercus, drk: Dark marking on the face, ep: Epiproct, lscl: abdominal segment 7 lateral sclerite, panepst: Posterior anepisternum, pgt: Postgonite, sscl: Subepandrial sclerite, sg 6: abdominal segment 6, srs: Surstylus, wl: Lateral weakness line on abdominal segment 6.

FIGURE 11. Pelecinobaccha summa (Fluke, 1936). a. Male, holotype, habitus, dorsal (photo courtesy AMNH). b. Female, habitus, dorsal. c. Male, Thorax, oblique dorsal. d. Female, detail of dorsal occiput, oblique dorsal. e – f. Male, scutellum, posterior. g – h. Metatarsus, dorsal: g. Male. h. Female. i. Male, head, frontal. j – n. Male genitalia: j. Hypandrium, ventral. k. Hypandrium, lateral. l. Postgonite, lateral. m. Epandrium, lateral. n. Epandrium, ventral. o. Female, abdominal segment 6 and genitalia, dorsal. p. Female, abdominal segment 7, lateral. q. Female, abdominal segment 8 and proctiger, lateral. bph: Basiphallus, crc: Cercus, ep: Epiproct, lscl: abdominal segment 7 lateral sclerite, mtb: Metabasitarsomere, oc: Occiput, pgt: Postgonite, sscl: Subepandrial sclerite, sct: Scutellum, srs: Surstylus.