Hybobathus luciane, Miranda, 2017

Miranda, Gil Felipe Gonçalves, 2017, Revision of the Hybobathus arx and Pelecinobaccha summa species groups (Diptera: Syrphidae), Zootaxa 4338 (1), pp. 1-43 : 11-14

Hybobathus luciane sp. nov.

Fig. 4

Description. MALE ( Figs 4a, b, e, g & k–m ). Head. Yellow; face with sparse white microtrichosity, with black pile, both absent medially. Gena with white pile. Lunule with central black marking and narrow dorsal black vitta from central marking to the crease ventral to the frontal triangle. Frontal triangle wholly yellow and with black pile, but with central bare area dorsal to the crease. Base of antenna protuberant. Vertical triangle with shiny white microtrichia, except on ocellar triangle, which is dull black, and medial-posterior area with sparser and differently oriented microtrichia, with a few irregular rows of black pile ending dorsal to the anterior ocellus; ocellar triangle separate by its length from the posterior margin of the head. Eye contiguity shorter than the vertical triangle length. Eye with sub-triangular indentation on posterior margin. Antenna with black pile; postpedicel darkened dorsoanteriorly. Occiput homogeneously covered by white microtrichia, with white pile, dorsal 1/3 with one row of flattened pile, ventral 2/3 with 2–3 rows, posterior row with longer and flattened pile and with a few black pile anteriorly around eye indentation. Thorax ( Figs 4a & g ). Scutum black, but yellow laterally from postpronotum to scutellum; mostly covered by white microtrichia, denser medially, except for medial pair of short vittate and sublateral pair of long vittate areas without microtrichia; pile short, black and erect, except pale on notopleuron, and a few dorsal to the wing base, and with anterior row of longer white pile, interrupted medially. Scutellum dark yellow, slightly paler on margins, with short, black and erect pile, very few slightly longer baso-laterally and basodorsally; subscutellar fringe with very short and black pile. Pleuron yellow, distinctly black on postero-ventral margin of katatergum, slightly orange on anterior 1/3 of posterior anepisternum, ventral 1/2 of katepisternum, and meron; white pilose (proepimeron, anterior and posterior anepisternum, dorsal and ventral katepisternum, anterior anepimeron, katepimeron and metaepisternum), katatergum with long microtrichia giving it a ‘velvet’ appearance. Plumula much reduced and pale. Calypter pale, pile long and pale on margin of the ventral lobe and margin of the dorsal lobe bare. Halter yellow, capitulum darker. Wing ( Fig. 4b ). Pale yellow, darker on bc, c, sc, r, basal 2/3 of r1, base of r2+3, base of r4+5 and posterior margin of bm; entirely microtrichose; alula light yellow, darker anteriorly, wide and convex, apically 4 times as broad as c cell, entirely microtrichose. Legs ( Figs 4a & b ). Pro- and mesolegs yellow, slightly darker medially on mesotibia, with yellow pile, except black anteriorly on mesocoxa and black, long and appressed posteriorly on the mesofemur. Metalegs mostly yellow, except dark brown on a sub-apical small area of the metafemur, and metatibia dark brown on middle 1/3, with mostly black pile, except a few yellow intermixed on metacoxa and wholly yellow from apical 1/3 of metatibia until metatarsus; metabasitarsomere 1/3 the length of the metatibia. Abdomen ( Figs 4a & e ). Dark brown and petiolate, 2.5 times the length of the thorax. Tergite 1 yellow, except for dark brown apical margin, with short, black and appressed pile, except slightly longer baso-laterally, yellow and erect dorsally, very few yellow pile baso-ventrally, and bare on dark area; sternite 1 yellow with mostly short, yellow and erect pile. Tergite 2 very long, 5 times longer than smallest width, pale basolaterally and with pair of wide vittate yellow markings sub-apically; with short, black and appressed pile, except slightly longer laterally; sternite 2 pale, with very sparse short, appressed, black pile. Tergite 3 trapezoidal, as long as apical width and apical margin 2.5 times wider than basal margin, with pair of central narrow yellow vittae, slightly widening apically, that almost reach the apical margin, and a basal sub-lateral pair of short, wide, tapering vittate markings that join the central pair basally; with short, black and appressed pile; sternite 3 as 2. Tergite 4 rectangular, wider than long, remaining characteristics as segment 3 except central vittae reach the apical margin. Tergite 5 rectangular short, wider than long, with four yellow vittae not connecting basally, remaining characteristics as on segment 4. Genitalia ( Figs 4k–m ). Cercus with 4 rows of pile; surstylus sub-oval and elongated, apex abruptly narrower, in lateral and ventral views, with pile only on dorso-basal 2/3, with sparse ventral setulae on apical 1/2 and a few sparse on ventro-lateral margin; subepandrial sclerite quadrate, apical indentation quadrate and with medial convexity, and with concave basal indentation. Hypandrium slightly oval, in ventral view, ventral notch extending on apical 2/3, with convex basal margin, and with medial-lateral indentations extending dorsally; phallapodeme weakly sclerotized on basal 1/4; basiphallus drop-shaped and very elongated, in ventral view, strongly tapering on basal 2/3, distiphallus slightly undulated, in lateral view, with baso-lateral extensions that do not join ventrally, anterior sclerotized area tapering apically, with wider membranous area on apex with ventral pile, ventral surface completely membranous; postgonite large, with anterior margin convex, antero-dorsal corner seems truncated, inconspicuously acute, and ventral extremity with long acute projection, with pile on basal 3/4 of the ventral margin.

FEMALE ( Figs 4c, d, f & n–p ). Like male except for the following characters: Dark vitta, which connects frons color to central black marking of the lunule, as wide as marking of the lunule. Frons with medial, narrow, dark vitta that ends before the crease of the frontal prominence, with dark area covered by white microtrichosity, with differently oriented microtrichosity dorsally. Ocellar triangle separated by twice its length from the posterior margin of the head and distanced one ocellus-width from lateral eye margin. Vertex covered in white microtrichosity, differently oriented postero-medially to ocellar triangle, and absent on ocellar triangle, which is dull black. Overall pile of scutum shorter. Overall pile on scutellum shorter; subscutellar fringe absent. Mesotibia wholly yellow. Metabasitarsomere slightly less than 1/2 the length of the metatibia. Abdomen 2.7 times longer than thorax; overall pile shorter. Sternite 1 pile appressed. Tergite 2 slightly compressed medially, 5.8 times longer than smallest width, overall darker. Tergite 3 shorter than apical width; central vittae slightly curving towards sides, reaching apical margin, sub-lateral markings longer and narrowing more apically. From tergites 3 to 5 with a faint central yellow vitta. Tergite 6 is 1/3 of the length of 5. Genitalia ( Figs 4n–p ). Tergite 7 as four wide sclerotized strips that join basally, pilose on apical 1/2 and apico-lateral 2/3; sternite 7 sclerotized laterally, wholly pilose but with a few longer pile on a sub-apical row. Tergite 8 as a sub-triangular sclerotized area with short baso-lateral extensions towards apex, pilose on membranous area, with a few pile apically on sclerotized area; sternite 8 with triangular lateral sclerotizations that connect as a fascia basally, wholly pilose, with a few longer pile apicolaterally. Epiproct as a pair of sclerotized strips, with a few pile apically, apodeme the same length as the epiproct; hypoproct triangular and membranous, pilose. Cerci membranous, pilose, positioned apically and on a slightly perpendicular plane to the epiproct. Three oval spermathecae with few tubercles on 1/2 of their surface.

Variation. MALE. Area immediately above lunule wholly yellow. Subscutellar fringe with sparse intermixed short and long white pile; plumula not reduced; margin of the dorsal lobe of the calypter with short black pile. Profemur with a few longer and erect pile baso-posteriorly; mesofemur with longer and erect pile baso-posteriorly. Pile on abdominal sternite 1 longer; tergite 4 baso-lateral markings extend apically as narrow vittae. FEMALE. Area immediately above lunule wholly yellow; frons might seem wholly yellow (but microtrichia pattern still present). Subscutellar fringe with sparse, very short, black pile. Abdomen around 2.3 times longer than thorax; segment 2 long, 4.5 times longer than smallest width; tergite 4 with four complete vittae; abdominal vittae wider. Tergite 7 might have wider unsclerotized areas; tergite 8 might have an unsclerotized area baso-medially.

Puparium ( Figs 4h–j ). Yellow to brown, surface smooth. Anterior end inflated, posterior 1/3 abruptly flattened and tapering. Anterior 1/2 concave ventrally, posterior 1/2 flattened ventrally (and apparently was the part attached to the substrate). Anterior spiracles not found. Pupal spiracles absent. Posterior respiratory process short, with one pair of longitudinal, oval, spiracular openings anteriorly and two pairs of transversal oval openings posteriorly, these openings with a dark border; with one dark tubercle on the medial side of the anterior opening and two tubercles between the anterior and the posterior opening, the latter tubercles might be distanced (female) or close (male, Fig. 4h ) to each other.

Length. Body: male 15.9–17mm (n = 2), female 13.5–15mm (n = 8); wing: male 12.9–13.9mm, female 11.6– 12.5mm.

Distribution. Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), Colombia (Boyaca, Cundinamarca), French Guina, Peru (Junin, Ucayali), Venezuela (Aragua).

Etymology. The specific epithet is an homage to my former advisor and colleague, Luciane Marinoni, for all her valuable aid in my formation as a taxonomist. It should be treated as a noun in apposition.

Prey records. Specimens were reared on Membracis foliata ( Linnaeus, 1758) ( Hemiptera , Membracidae ).

Comments. Similar to H. phaeopterus but with a mostly yellow pleuron and short appressed pile on the male abdominal tergite 1 (all other species from the H. arx group have long and erect pile on this tergite), besides a different male postgonite.

The male and female variations are from Venezuela, and were both reared from larvae feeding on M. foliata ( Hemiptera , Membracidae ) at the same locality (El Limón, Aragua), and are assumed to be conspecific. The specimens seemed to have been pinned, along with their puparia, soon after emerging, for the specimens are very pale and their abdomen does not show any signs of feeding or egg formation. Both specimens lack the anterior end of the puparia. However, the anterior spiracles are assumed to be absent since they are also lacking in the closely related species Hermesomyia wulpiana ( Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891) and Ocyptamus luctuosus ( Bigot, 1883) ( Rotheray et al. 2000). Although the male (USNMENT01288143) agrees with the condition of the abdominal tergite 1 pile, he varies on other key characters that are unique to this species (see ‘Variation’ above). The male genitalia were already damaged before dissection, but the basiphallus at least agrees with this description. The females agree in more characters than the male, noteworthy the appressed longer pile on the posterior surface of the mesofemur and unique patterns of the segments 7 and 8.

Type material. HOLOTYPE: Male specimen in good conditions, except left mesoleg glued to locality label, left wing with short tear apically, and genitalia dissected, placed in microtube with glycerin and pinned with the specimen; “ Mun. Dourado Mato Grosso [do Sul ] Brasil Alvarenga & Roppa III.74 ” “GFGM-MNRJ0013” “ Holotype Hybobathus luciane Miranda ” [red label] . PARATYPES: BRAZIL. Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourado , iii.[19]74, leg. Alvarenga & Roppa (GFGM-MNRJ0012) [1 ♀, MNRJ] . COLOMBIA. Boyaca, Muzo , 1936, leg. J. Bequaert (JSS32980) [1 ♀, CNC] . Cundinamarca, Monte Redondon , 10.xii.1956, leg. J. Foerster (JSS32981) [1 ♀, CNC] . FRENCH GUIANA. Cayenne, Régina, i.1917, leg. Trav. Fo., Carrera & E. Dente (JSS32977) [1 ♀, CNC] . PERU. Junin, Valle Chanchamayo , ii.1942, leg. F.M. Hull (JSS32401) [1 ♀, CNC] . Ucayali, Pucallpa , 4.xii.1947, leg. J. Schunke ( CNC _ Diptera 190529) [1 ♀, CNC] . VENEZUELA. Aragua, El Limon , 10.i.1972, leg. D. Villasmil & J. Teran (USNMENT01288143, 01288194–5) [2 ♀ & 1 ♂, USNM] .

Figures

FIGURE 4. Hybobathus luciane sp. nov. a. Male, holotype, habitus, dorsal. b. Male, holotype, habitus, lateral. c. Female, habitus, lateral. d. Female, habitus, dorsal. e. Male, holotype, abdominal segment 1, dorsal. f. Female, mesofemur, oblique dorsal. g. Male, pleuron, lateral. h – j. Puparium: h. Posterior respiratory process, dorsal. i. Posterior respiratory process, anterior. j. Habitus, lateral. k – m. Male genitalia: k. Hypandrium, ventral. l. Genitalia, lateral. m. Epandrium, ventral. n – p. Female genitalia: n. Dorsal. o. Ventral. p. Lateral. bph: Basiphallus, cerc: Cercus, ep: Epiproct, panepst: Posterior anepisternum, pgt: Postgonite, sscl: Subepandrial sclerite, spr: Spiracular opening, srs: Surstylus.