Croton hovarum Leandri, Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, ser . 5, 7(1): 40. 1939

Berry, Paul E., Kainulainen, Kent & Ee, Benjamin W. van, 2017, A Nomenclator of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, and the Mascarene Islands, PhytoKeys 90, pp. 1-87 : 37-38

67. Croton hovarum Leandri, Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, ser. 5, 7(1): 40. 1939

Croton rubricapitirupis Leandri, Adansonia, sér. 2, 13: 173. 1973, syn. nov. Type. Madagascar. Prov. Fianarantsoa: Ambatomenaloha, à l’W d’Itremo, 20 Jan 1955, R. Capuron 11580 (lectotype, designated here:P [P00380442]!; isolectotypes: P [P00154295]!, P [P00154296]!, P [P00154297]!, TEF [TEF000185]).

Croton anisatus var. hirsutus Radcl.-Sm., Gen. Croton Madag. Comoro 14. 2016, syn. nov. Type. Madagascar. Prov. Toamasina: Ambatondrazaka Distr., Ambatosoratra Canton, 26 Aug 1959, Réserves Naturelles 10857 (holotype: P [P00133189]!).

Croton cassinoides var. alaotrensis Radcl.-Sm., Gen. Croton Madag. Comoro 10. 2016, syn. nov. Type. Madagascar. Prov. Toamasina: Ambatondrazaka Distr., Ambatosoratra Canton, near the shore of Lac Alaotra, 16 Oct 1958, Réserves Naturelles 9633 -Rn (holotype: P [P00131518]!).

Croton greveanus var. ambositrensis Leandri ex Radcl.-Sm., Gen. Croton Madag. Comoro 39. 2016, syn. nov. Type. Madagascar. Prov. Fianarantsoa: Andina, environs d’ Ambositra, Dec 1921, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 18606 (holotype: P [P00133790]!).

Croton hovarum var. lepidotus Radcl.-Sm., Gen. Croton Madag. Comoro 179. 2016, syn. nov. Type. Madagascar. sin. loc., Oct 1881, R. Baron 678 (holotype: K [not seen]; isotype: P [P00133165]!).

Croton hovarum var. subglaber Radcl.-Sm., Gen. Croton Madag. Comoro 179. 2016, syn. nov. Type. Madagascar. Prov. Fianarantsoa: Rn 5, Ambalavao Distr., Sendrisoa Canton, 12 Nov 1953, Réserves Naturelles 5871 (lectotype, designated here: P [P00133188]!; isolectotype: P [P00133187]!).

Croton ivohibensis Leandri, Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, sér. 5, 7(1): 37. 1939, syn. nov. Type. Madagascar. Prov. Fianarantsoa: chaine du Vohibory, à l’ouest d’Ivohibe, 1000-1300 m, 1 Nov 1924, H. Humbert 3051 (lectotype, designated here: P [P00133264]!; isolectotypes: G [G00018157]!, K [K001040387]!, P [P00133263]!, P [P00133265]!, TAN [TAN000535]!).

Croton ivohibensis var. lepidotus Radcl.-Sm., Gen. Croton Madag. Comoro 149. 2016, syn. nov. Type. Madagascar. Prov. Fianarantsoa: Réserve Naturelle V, Antaniloha Canton, Ivohibe District, 29 Nov 1951, Réserves Naturelles 35-29 Rn (lectotype, designated here: P [P00133632]!; isolectotype: P00133631]!).

Type.

Madagascar. Prov. Antananarivo: Imerina, Ifanangoavana , Jan 1881, J.M. Hildebrandt 3811 (lectotype, designated here: P [P00133177]!; isolectotypes: G [G00446390]!, G [G00446405]!, JE [JE00015925]!, K [K001040345]!, M [M0110359]!), P [P00133176] !). Madagascar. sin. loc., s.d., R. Baron 675 (syntype: P [P00133164]!), Baron 678 (syntypes: K [K001040346]!, P [P00133165]), R. Baron 3151 (syntypes: K [K001040347]!, P [P00133166], P [P00133167]!) . Madagascar. Prov. Antananarivo: 20 km E de Tananarive, sur la route de Tamatave , 30 Oct 1928, R. Decary 6813 (syntypes: P [P00133171]!, G [G00018161]!, S [S07-14579]!), ibid. loc.. 30 Sep 1928, R. Decary 6834 (syntypes: P [P00133172]!; MO [5598313]!) . Madagascar. Prov. Antananarivo: au Nord d'Ankazobe , 9 Mar 1930, Decary 7292 (syntypes: P [P00133173], GB [GB-0047692]!), ibid. loc., 11 Mar 1930, R. Decary 7380 (syntypes: P [P00133174], MO [1602793]!) . Madagascar. Prov. Antananarivo: Manankazo, au NE d’Ankazobe, Nov 1913, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 9867 (syntypes: P [P0013383]!, P [P0013384]!, P [P0013385]!), ibid. loc., H. Perrier de la Bâthie 9877 (P [P00133186]!) . Madagascar. Prov. Toamasina: Andovoranto, Moramanga , bord de la Sahamarirana entre Ampasimpotsy et Bevalanirano, 24 Oct 1912, R. Viguier & H. Humbert 989 (syntypes: P [P00422391]!, P [P00422392]!, K [K001040344]!) . Madagascar. Prov. Fianarantsoa: Vakinankaratra, Ambatolampy , bois entre Tsinjoarivo et Ambohimasina , 2 Oct 1912, R. Viguier & H. Humbert 1924 (syntypes: P [P00133190]!, P [P00133191]!) .

Habit and distribution.

Shrubs; central upland Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa, Toamasina).

Notes.

Leandri (1973a) distinguished Croton rubricapitirupis from C. hovarum almost exclusively by the sparser, lepidote pubescence on the leaf undersides of C. rubricapitirupis . Croton hovarum is quite variable in leaf size and degree of indumentum, and we do not consider this a sufficient distinction at the species level. In its monopodial branching, large accrescent female calyx, and finely crenate to serrate leaf margins, C. hovarum is a readily recognizable species in upland Madagascar. The syntype Viguier & Humbert 989 corresponds to C. hypochalibaeus .