Pelecinobaccha Shannon, 1927

Mengual, Ximo, Miranda, Gil Felipe G. & Thompson, F. Christian, 2018, Unraveling Ocyptamus and the Baccha legacy (Diptera: Syrphidae): redefinition of groups and new species descriptions, Zootaxa 4461 (1), pp. 1-44 : 13-14

Genus Pelecinobaccha Shannon, 1927

Figs 7 , 51 , 80 , 89–91 , 93, 96, 98–103 , 106 .

Pelecinobaccha Shannon, 1927: 10 , as a subgenus of Baccha . Type species: Baccha peruviana Shannon, 1927 (original designation). Miranda et al. (2014) proposed it as a genus.

Baccha tristis species group, in part. Hull (1949a).

Ocyptamus tristis species group, in part. Mengual et al. (2012).

Diagnosis. Dorsal occiput with two rows of pile (rarely anterior row with very short pile). Wings usually with dark markings. Petiolate abdomen, but might be very narrow and long. Female sixth segment modified into a single conical sclerite.

Biology. Very little is known about the natural history of Pelecinobaccha , despite the large number of species. Larval biology is only known for records of P. costata ( Say, 1829) and P. squamagula Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, whose immatures feed on scale insects ( Hemiptera : Coccidae ) ( Rojo et al. 2003; Miranda et al. 2014).

Comments. Many of the Pelecinobaccha species have a bicolored metatarsus, the metabasitarsomere having a dark base and pale apex. This genus is unique in having distinctly modified female genitalia, which is believed to be related to the placement of their eggs under the scale of their larval prey, Coccidae (Hemiptera) ( Miranda et al. 2014). Miranda et al. (2014) distinguished four species groups: 1) P. adspersa species group (flies with polished black head and wholly dark metatarsus); 2) P. brevipennis species group (very slender flies similar to the Ocyptamus stenogaster species group, with long abdomens, and maculae on tergum 3 restricted to a lateromedial pair); 3) P. peruviana species group (typical Pelecinobaccha with bicolored metabasitarsomere, with basal half or more dark); and 4) P. summa species group [as P. susio species group; see Miranda 2017] (only group with scutum pale laterally, at least on notopleuron and postalar callus, and with distinct pale microtrichose vittae, and metabasitarsomere usually with less than basal half dark).

Species list (52): P. adspersa ( Fabricius, 1805) , P. alicia ( Curran, 1941) , P. alucard Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. andrettae Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. aster ( Curran, 1941) , P. avispas Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. beatricea ( Hull, 1942c) , P. brevipennis ( Schiner, 1868) , P. capesorum Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. clarapex ( Wiedemann, 1830) , P. concinna ( Williston, 1891) , P. cora ( Curran, 1941) , P. costata ( Say, 1829) , P. cryptica ( Hull, 1942a) , P. cubensis ( Macquart, 1850) , P. cyclops ( Hull, 1947a) , P. dracula ( Hull, 1943a) , P. duopuncta Miranda & Thompson in Miranda et al., 2014, P. eruptova ( Hull, 1943f) , P. gracilitas Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. hiantha ( Hull, 1943b) , P. hirundella ( Hull, 1944b) , P. humillima Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. ida ( Curran, 1941) , P. invisibilis Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. levissima ( Austen, 1893) , P. manuelorum Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. menguali Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. mexicana ( Curran, 1930a) , P. mima ( Hull, 1949a) , P. morgani Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. nubilorum Miranda & Thompson in Miranda et al., 2014, P. oviphora ( Hull, 1943b) , P. ovipositoria ( Hull, 1943b) , P. pandora ( Hull, 1942a) , P. peruviana ( Shannon, 1927) , P. pilinigridensis Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. pilipes ( Schiner, 1868) , P. portachueloi Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. pucallpa Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. seara Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. squamagula Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. summa ( Fluke, 1936) , P. telescopica ( Curran, 1930a) , P. tica Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. transatlantica ( Schiner, 1868) , P. tristis ( Hull, 1930) , P. unica Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. vera ( Hull, 1943b) , P. vesca Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. waynei Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014, P. wyatti Miranda in Miranda et al., 2014.

Figures

FIGURES 1–10. 1: Mimocalla erebus (Hull) [female, CNC_Diptera209354], metafemur, lateral view. 2: Salpingogaster sp. [male, INPA-DIP0000125], metafemur, lateral view. Note: Arrow indicates ventral spinose setae. 3: Salpingogaster nigra Schiner [male, ZFMK-DIP-00020899], postmetacoxal bridge with tergum 1 and sternum 1, posterior view. Note: Arrow indicates tergum 1. Red lines indicate the complete postmetacoxal bridge (=metepimera continuous behind coxae). 4: Eosalpingogaster umbra Mengual & Thompson [female, USNMENT 00036793], postmetacoxal bridge with tergum 1 and sternum 1, posterior view. Note: Arrow indicates tergum 1. Red lines indicate the complete postmetacoxal bridge (=metathoracic epimera continuous behind metacoxae); less sclerotized medial line visible. 5: Salpingogaster nigra [male, DEBU01088906], wing. 6: Eosalpingogaster cochenillivora (Guérin-Méneville) [male, MPEGDIP12170472], wing. 7: Pelecinobaccha alia Miranda [male, USNMENT 01288155], occiput and pleuron, lateral view. Note: Arrow indicates pile on anterior anepisternum. 8: Orphnabaccha cf. ampla Fluke [male, CNC_Diptera210129], pleuron, lateral view. Note: Arrow indicates pile on anterior anepisternum. 9: Salpingogaster nigra [male, ZFMK-DIP-00020899], scutellum and tergum 1, dorsal view. 10: Eosalpingogaster umbra [female, USNMENT 00036793], scutellum and tergum 1, dorsal view.

FIGURES 46–54. 46: Pseudoscaeva diversifasciata (Knab), male, habitus, dorsal view, by Alice Abela. 47: Ocyptamus megafemur Thompson sp. nov. [male holotype, USNMENT 00249222], habitus, lateral view. Scale = 4 mm. 48: Ocyptamus megafemur Thompson sp. nov. [male holotype, USNMENT 00249222], head, frontal view. Scale = 1 mm. 49: Ocyptamus megafemur Thompson sp. nov. [male holotype, USNMENT 00249222], head, dorsal view. Note: Arrow indicates the mesonotal collar or fringe. 50: Ocyptamus megafemur Thompson sp. nov. [male holotype, USNMENT 00249222], habitus, dorsal view. Scale = 1 mm. 51: Pelecinobaccha transatlantica (Schiner) [female, INPA-DIP0000253], antenna. 52: Styxia eblis (Hull) [male, DEBU01088838], wing, lateral view. 53: Styxia eblis [paratype male, CNC No 19270], habitus, dorsal view. 54: Styxia eblis [male, DEBU01088838], head, frontal view.

FIGURES 78–84. 78: Hybobathus norina (Curran) [female, CNC, JSS25237], head, dorsal view. 79: Ocyptamus sp., O. lepidus species group [male, INPA-DIP0000247], head, dorsal view. 80: Pelecinobaccha alia Miranda [female paratype, USNMENT 00036075], head dorsal view. Scale = 1 mm. 81: Hybobathus norina [female, CNC, JSS25237], thorax, dorsal view. 82: Hybobathus arx (Fluke), female, habitus, dorsal view, photo previously published in Miranda (2017). 83: Hermesomyia wulpiana (Lynch Arribálzaga) [male, USNM], habitus, dorsal view. 84: Ocyptamus titania (Hull) [female, CNC], abdomen, dorsal view.

FIGURES 85–91. 85: Ocyptamus parvicornis (Loew) [male, CNC_Diptera237922], habitus, dorsal view. 86: Ocyptamus fascipennis (Wiedemann) [female, USNM], habitus, dorsal view. 87: Ocyptamus melanorrhinus (Philippi), female, habitus, dorsal view, by Steve Marshall. 88: Ocyptamus fascipennis [female, USNM], habitus, lateral view. 89: Pelecinobaccha adspersa (Fabricius) [female, ZFMK-DIP-00028704], habitus, dorsal view. Note: a blurry pinhead covers part of the scutum; check couplet 30. 90: Pelecinobaccha brevipennis (Schiner) [male, MPEG-DIP12170496], habitus, dorsal view. 91: Pelecinobaccha cubensis (Macquart) [male, USNMENT 01288157] habitus, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm.

FIGURES 92–98. 92: Ocyptamus stenogaster (Williston) [female, DEBU01088839], head, frontal view. 93: Pelecinobaccha pilinigridensis Miranda [male holotype, INBIO CRI002 447101], head, frontal view, photo previously published in Miranda et al. (2014). 94: Ocyptamus argentinus (Curran) [male, CNC_Diptera196007], wing. 95: Ocyptamus stenogaster [male, DEBU01088840], epandrium, cerci and surstyli, lateral view: c: cercus; e: epandrium; s: surstylus. 96: Pelecinobaccha vesca Miranda [male, CNC Diptera 161200], epandrium, cerci and surstyli, lateral view: c: cercus; e: epandrium; s: surstylus. 97: Ocyptamus stenogaster (Williston) [female, DEBU01088839], apex abdomen, dorsal view. 98: Pelecinobaccha alicia (Curran) [female, CNC_Diptera203481], 6 th and 7 th abdominal segments female, dorsal view, photo previously published in Miranda et al. (2014). Note: Arrow indicates the basolateral apodemes of tergum 7.

FIGURES 99–105. 99: Pelecinobaccha summa (Fluke) [female, CNC], head and thorax, dorsolateral view. 100: Pelecinobaccha adspersa, female, by Gil F. G. Miranda. 101: Pelecinobaccha impostor Miranda [female, ZFMK-DIP- 00018039], 6 th abdominal segment female, lateral view. Note: Arrow indicates the lateral weakness line. 102: Pelecinobaccha adspersa [female, DEBU00186967], 5 th and 6 th abdominal segment female, lateral view. Note: Arrow indicates the 6 th abdominal segment.103: Pelecinobaccha pilipes (Schiner) [female, USNMENT 00257696], metaleg, lateral view, photo previously published in Miranda et al. (2014). 104: Orphnabaccha cf. lativentris (Curran) [male, CNC, JSS25215], habitus, lateral view. Scale = 1 mm. 105: Orphnabaccha coerulea [male, USNM], habitus, lateral view.

FIGURES 106–111. 106: Pelecinobaccha alicia [female, CNC], occiput, detail, photo previously published in Miranda et al. (2014): ar: anterior row of occipital pile; pr: posterior row of occipital pile. 107: Relictanum johnsoni (Curran) [female, CNC], occiput, detail, photo previously published in Miranda et al. (2014): sr: single row of occipital pile. 108: Ocyptamus myiophagus Thompson sp. nov. [male holotype, USNMENT 01288295], habitus, dorsal view. Scale = 1 mm. 109: Ocyptamus myiophagus Thompson sp. nov. [male holotype, USNMENT 01288295], head, frontal view. Scale = 1 mm. 110: Ocyptamus myiophagus Thompson sp. nov. [male holotype, USNMENT 01288295], habitus, lateral view. Scale = 1 mm. 111: Syrphus sargoides [male, GFGM-MNRJ0002], hypandrium, lateral view.