Holothrips Karny

Dang, Li-Hong, Mound, Laurence A. & Qiao, Ge-Xia, 2014, Conspectus of the Phlaeothripinae genera from China and Southeast Asia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae), Zootaxa 3807 (1), pp. 1-82 : 38

Holothrips Karny

( Fig. 61 )

Holothrips Karny, 1911a: 502 . Type species: Holothrips ingens Karny , by monotypy.

This is a large genus with 127 species listed from around the world, but mainly in the tropics. These thrips all live on dead leaves and dead branches, where they feed on fungal hyphae and spores ( Okajima 1987a). The maxillary stylets of these species are wider than in most other Phlaeothripinae , and range from 4–8 microns ( Fig. 61 ), but are more slender than in species of Idolothripinae . Okajima (1987a) provided a key to 40 species from the Old World, and species are found widely across Southeast Asia. From Indonesia, zur Strassen (1994) listed nine species, and 11 species are now known from China.

Diagnosis: Head usually longer than wide; postocular setae usually developed ( Fig. 61 ); stylet width unusually broad 4–8 microns, usually retracted to eyes, close together medially ( Fig. 61 ); antennae 7-segmented, segments VII and VIII more or less fused, III with 3 sensoria, IV with 4; pronotum usually with 5 pairs of major setae, notopleural sutures usually complete; basantra absent; mesopresternum transverse; sternopleural sutures present; fore tarsal tooth present in both sexes; fore wings parallel-sided, with duplicated cilia; pelta bell-shaped or triangular; tergites II–VII with wing-retaining setae variable; tube variable in shape, anal setae usually shorter than tube; male sternites IV–VII usually with transverse reticulated areas.

Figures

FIGURES 61–65. Phlaeothrips-lineage. Heads 61–64: (61) Holothrips; (62) Hoplothrips; (63) Hoplandrothrips hylaius, small male; (64) Hoplandrothrips hylaius, large male. (65) Hyidiothrips brunneus, female.