Pinero, Teruel, 2018

Teruel, Rolando, 2018, Two new genera and a new species of schizomids (Arachnida: Schizomida) from Isla de Pinos, Cuba, Ecologica Montenegrina 19, pp. 33-49 : 40-42

Pinero gen. n.

Figs. 3–5 , 7. Table I

Schizomus [in part: record from Sierra de Caballos]: Armas, 1977: 4–5, 8; fig. 2.

"Un género y una especies [sic] nuevos para la ciencia": Armas & Teruel in Armas & Alayón, 2014: 47.

Type species. Pinero marmoreus sp. n., by both present designation and monotypy.

Diagnosis (males only, female unknown). Size medium for the family (3–4 mm). Coloration: immaculate brownish green, with subtle shades of orange to yellow on pedipalps and body. Body without clavate setae. Cheliceral movable finger: ventrointernal margin with serrula and guard tooth, ventroexternal margin with a smooth, vestigial lamella. Pedipalps sexually dimorphic and polymorphic: moderately to very long and slender in heteromorphics; trochanter with internal spur. Propeltidium without true ocelli, but with ordinary eyespots instead; anterior process with two apical setae (1 + 1), two pairs of dorsal setae. Metapeltidium entire. Abdominal tergites I–II with 2–3 pairs of anterior microsetae; tergites II–VII with setation slightly modified: formula 2 / 4 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2. Leg IV femur very robust, anterodorsal margin angled at slightly more than 90°. Pedipalp trochanter elongate and with femoral articulation on apical to subapical position (i.e., angled at 45°–85° with respect to the trochanter longitudinal axis) and with apex not conspicuously produced; patella and tibia club-shaped and ventrodistally armed with large knife-like macrosetae, patella with some of them arising from enlarged setiferous tubercles in larger heteromorphics. Abdomen not attenuate; segments XI–XII without modified setae except for segment XII with dorsoposterior pair of macrosetae thickened and curved downwards; segment XII unmodified and with posterodorsal process large and massive. Flagellum broadly spade-shaped, depressed (wider than long and much wider than deep) and dorsally flat; pedicel short and compressed (much deeper than wide), pedicel/bulb angled roughly at 180°, with tip slightly raised upwards; bulb dorsal surface with a very large, dumbbell-like protuberance, flaked basally and distally by large, subrectangular depressions; setation pattern: single dm 1, dm 4, vm 1 and vm 5, paired dl 2, dl 3, vm 2, vm 3, vl 1 and vl 2, with dm 1 located at pedicel-bulb junction and dm 4 in subapical position. Comparisons (males only). Pinero gen. n. possesses more than two setae in abdominal tergite II, a conspicuous diagnostic character shared in Hubbardiinae by only four other genera: Antillostenochrus Armas & Teruel, 2002 (Greater Antilles), Clavizomus Reddell & Cokendolpher, 1995 (Southeast Asia), Mayazomus Reddell & Cokendolpher, 1995 (Western Central America), and Paradraculoides Harvey, Berry, Edward & Humphreys, 2008 (Western Australia). All of them can be clearly distinguished from the new genus as follows:

x Antillostenochrus . 1. Pedipalp patella greatly reduced, always the shortest segment in heteromorphics and shorter than at least both the femur and the tibia in homomorphics. 2. Heteromorphic pedipalp trochanter not elongated and conspicuously curved upwards. 3. Heteromorphic pedipalp tibia ventrally armed with two parallel rows of large, dark, knife-like spiniform macrosetae. 4. Abdominal segment XII lacking posterodorsal process. 5. Flagellum bulb lanceolate, longer than wide and dorsally with a median dome usually flanked laterally by a pair of small depressions (occasionally absent).

x Clavizomus (data taken from original descriptions and figures of Reddell & Cokendolpher [1995]). 1. Pedipalp densely covered with thick spiniform setae. 2. Pedipalp trochanter lacking internal spur. 3. Entire body and legs covered with clavate setae. 4. Propeltidium with a single seta on anterior process. 5. Metapeltidium divided. 6. Femur IV with anterodorsal margin angled at clearly less than 90°. 7. Abdominal segment XII with posterodorsal process vestigial. 8. Flagellum bulb long and slender, dorsally with two sharp submedian prominences followed by two deep submedian depressions.

x Mayazomus (data taken from descriptions and figures of the two most recent generic revisions: Monjaraz-Ruedas & Francke [2015a –b]). 1. Heteromorphic pedipalp trochanter with femoral articulation on mediodorsal position (i.e., approximately parallel to the trochanter longitudinal axis) and with apex strongly produced into a triangular flat projection. 2. Heteromorphic pedipalp femur and tibia each distally with 1–2 large ventrointernal spurs, usually ending in a short spiniform seta. 3. Heteromorphic pedipalp patella strongly curved downwards. 4. Abdominal segment XII lacking posterodorsal process. 5. Cheliceral movable finger with ventroexternal margin smooth, lacking any accessory teeth or lamella.

x Paradraculoides (data taken from original description and figures of Harvey et al. [2008]). 1. General aspect completely different, troglomorphic: coloration pale yellowish, ocular eyespot absent. 2. Metapeltidium divided. 3. Pedipalp trochanter lacking internal spur. 4. Propeltidium with 2 + 1 setae on anterior process. 5. Abdominal segment XII with posterodorsal process vestigial. 6. Flagellum stocky, with pedicel short, thick and deeper than bulb, which dorsally lacks any median depression.

It must be noted here that the monotypic genus Dumitrescoella Teruel, 2017 (very recently described from western mainland Cuba) also has increased setation in abdominal tergites, but only in females; males have a standard 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 setal formula on tergites II–VII. Apart from this, males of Dumitrescoella can also be distinguished safely from Pinero gen. n. by the following characters: 1. Coloration much darker, with chelicerae and pedipalps reddish. 2. Abdominal segment XII with posterodorsal process vestigial. 3. Flagellum bulb lanceolate, longer than wide, dorsally with a broadly Y-shaped dome, and with dl 1 setal pair.

Distribution (fig. 7). This genus is endemic to Isla de Pinos, with its single species restricted to two nearby, isolated, residual marble hills of the northeastern quadrant of the island.

Etymology. The selected epithet is directly taken from the Spanish noun used in Cuba to name the people native from Isla de Pinos. It is masculine in gender; see Article 30.2.1 of the Code (ICZN, 1999: 37).

Remarks. It is highly recommended to describe new schizomid genera always from both sexes, because female spermathecae structure and flagellar subdivision and setation are important too at this taxonomic level. Nevertheless, in this case the male exhibits such a distinctive combination of characters that its description is warranted.

Figures

Fig. 3. Adult male holotype of Pinero marmoreus sp. n.: a) habitus, dorsal; b) habitus, lateral; c) pedipalps, lateral; d) abdominal segments IX–XII and flagellum, dorsal; e) abdominal segments IX–XII and flagellum, lateral.

Fig. 4. Adult male of Pinero marmoreus sp. n. from Sierra de Caballos (large heteromorphic, not type): a) pedipalps, lateral; b) distal part of pedipalp patella, tibia and tarsus, lateral; c) abdominal segments X–XII and flagellum, dorsal; d) abdominal segments IX–XII and flagellum, lateral. Photos courtesy Luis F. de Armas.

Fig. 5. Habitat and microhabitat of Pinero marmoreus sp. n. at Sierra de Caballos, i.e., semicaducifolious forest on karstic limestone: a) overview; b) close-up, see the collector of the holotype and a collaborator (Tomás M. Rodríguez- Cabrera and Raimundo López-Silvero, respectively). Photos courtesy Sheila Rodríguez Machado.