Phylloporus

Gutiérrez-Domínguez, Erick, Montoya, Leticia, Ramos, Antero, Torres, Antonio Andrade-, Noa-Carrazana, Juan Carlos, Ortiz-Ceballos, Ángel Isauro & Bandala, Victor Manuel, 2024, Two new species of Phylloporus (Boletaceae) from the montane cloud forest of Eastern Mexico, Phytotaxa 668 (1), pp. 44-62 : 56-57

Key to species of Phylloporus described from the Americas.

The following key attempts to facilitate the distinction of the two species described here, from other described from the Americas, excluding species of the manausensis group (blackening basidiomes) and some species insufficiently investigated. The key was constructed with data generated here along with information from original descriptions of Phylloporus species and in some revisions of the genus that included type specimens ( Singer 1945; Neves & Halling 2010).

1. With clamp connections ....................................................................................................................................................................2

1. Without or very scarce clamp connections ........................................................................................................................................3

2. Pileus reddish orange-brown, context unstaining; cystidia up to 42–45.5 × 7–7.7 μm; pileipellis an ixotrichodermis; species described from Guyana, in forests dominated by Dicymbe corymbosa ......................................................................... P. colligatus

2. Pileus yellow; context may stain with a hint of blue; cystidia (29) 50–104 × 6–10.4 μm; pileipellis not gelatinized; species described from Colombia under Quercus humboldtii ........................................................................................................................ P. fibulatus

3. Entire basidiome green, not blackening; basidiospores 8.5–10.7 × 4–5.5 μm; species described from Brazil.................... P. viridis

3. Basidiome in different colors, or green in some part but not in the hymenophore ...........................................................................4

4. Basal mycelium white .......................................................................................................................................................................5

4. Basal mycelium yellow ...................................................................................................................................................................10

5. Hymenial cystidia up to –105 × –14 µm ...........................................................................................................................................6

5. Hymenial cystidia up to –138 × –27 μm ...........................................................................................................................................9

6. Pileus pulvinate to plano-convex, frequently umbonate, brown, dark reddish brown; lamellae yellow, at times caerulescent; context not caerulescent; basidiospores (9)10–12 (12.7) × 4–5(6) µm; hymenial cystidia versiform, some ampullaceous, without encrusted pigment, species described from Argentina, associated with Alnus acuminata .............................................................. P. caballeroi

6. Pileus not umbonate .......................................................................................................................................................................... 7

7. Pileus at first pulvinate, with age convex, red brown, context caerulescent; lamellae brownish yellow or mustard, caerulescent; basidiospores 10–12.5(13.5) × 3.3–4.5(4.8) μm, pale yellow; hymenial cystidia inflated, encrusting pigment absent; species described from USA, distributed with Fagus and possibly Quercus .................................................................... P. leucomycelinus

7. Pileus plane depressed .......................................................................................................................................................................8

8. Pileus reddish brown; lamellae caerulescent, context not staining; stipe fibrillose; hymenial cystidia 62.3–84 × 7–11.2 μm, with encrusted pigment; species described from Costa Rica, distributed with Quercus ........................................................ P. alborufus

8. Pileus purpureus; context caerulescent; stipe pustulate-flocculose-punctate; hymenial cystidia 48–65 × 8.5–12 µm, not encrusted; species described from Colombia, under Quercus in tropical montane forest ............................................................ P. purpurellus

9. Pileus brown, reddish brown or chocolate brown, becoming rivulose-areolate or finely fibrillose-scaly; lamellae and pileus context faintly caerulescent; stipe with a pale brown pustulose punctation, hollow; basidiospores 8–16 × 3.5–5.5 μm, light brown to melleous brown; lacking sphaeropedunculate cystidia; species described from Costa Rica, associated with Quercus , in montane oak and mixed forest .......................................................................................................................................... P. centroamericanus

9. Pileus reddish-brown with orange tinges or reddish-vinaceous, tomentose to subvelvety, not rivulose-areolate or scaly; stipe at times with long and loose fibers; context not caerulescent, lamellae caerulescent when handled; basidiospores 9–12 (13) × 3.5–5 µm, with yellowish-green tinges; hymenial cystidia versiform, cheilocystidia at times sphaeropedunculate; species described above from Mexico, in montane cloud forest, with Quercus spp . and Carpinus caroliniana ........................................ P. montanus

10. Basidiomes not caerulescent ............................................................................................................................................................11

10. Basidiomes caerulescent in some parts ...........................................................................................................................................14

11. Pileus olive, subtomentose; species described from USA, with Pinus , on sandy soil ..................................................... P. arenicola

11. Pileus in other colors .......................................................................................................................................................................12

12. Cystidia up to –79.1 × –14.7 μm; pileus reddish brown, margin in rolled; stipe furfuraceous, with squamules; basidiospores 9.6–12.8 × 3.2–4.8 µm, pale greenish yellowish brown; pileipellis with repent or erect hyphae 4–13.6 µm diam; species described from Belize, under Quercus spp . and Pinus caribaea , on sandy soil ............................................................................. P. scabripes

12. Hymenial cystidia up to –95 × –27 µm ...........................................................................................................................................13

13. Pileipellis a trichodermis combining chains of elongate cells and chains of subisodiametric cells, or oval cells, or chains of mostly elongated-cells but terminal elements or the previous one subglobose; stipitipellis with short cells anticlinally oriented in a palisade, with clusters of caulocystidia; pileus yellowish brown, scurfy-tomentose, then tending to rivulose or cracked; stipe yellow with a faint dirty pinkish or brownish-violet tint; species described from Costa Rica, under Quercus , in oak and mixed woods ................ ................................................................................................................................................................................... P. phaeoxanthus

13. Pileipellis a trichodermis with chains of subisodiametric cells; stipitipellis composed of cylindrical hyphae, oriented periclinally; pileus tawny olivaceous, cinnamon brown, tomentose; stipe yellow; species described from USA, under Pinus and Fagaceae ....... .................................................................................................................................................................................... P. rhodoxanthus

14. Basidiospores subellipsoid, pale yellowish green; pileus vinaceous red, reddish brown; lamellae and context caerulescent; cystidia up to –105.6 (116.8) × –11 (12) µm; pileipellis a trichodermis with chains of cells, intercalary cells subisodiametric or elongate; species described from Mexico, in montane cloud forest, Pinus-Quercus and Pinus forests........................................... P. guzmanii

14. Basidiospores fusoid ........................................................................................................................................................................15

15. Cystidia versiform, including sphaeropedunculate forms ...............................................................................................................16

15 Cystidia versiform, lacking sphaeropedunculate forms ..................................................................................................................17

16. Pileus up to – 80 mm diam, pulvinate or convex when young, rimose-areolate, rivulose, margin incurved; stipe scabrous or even with tiny rigid scales; basidiospores yellow to amber yellow, even ochraceous; pleurocystidia versiform, at times inflated or sphaeropedunculate, cheilocystidia versiform, not sphaeropedunculate; pileipellis a trichodermis, intercalary elements of the chains of cells 8–16 µm broad, wall up to 1 µm thick, yellowish-brown; species described from Mexico, under Quercus sapotifolia in tropical oak forest ........................................................................................................................................................... P. rimosus

16. Pileus up to – 60 mm diam, plane-convex, slightly depressed, not rimose or rivulose, margin plane; stipe not scaly; basidiospores translucid with faint yellowish-green tinges; pleurocystidia versiform, not sphaeropedunculate; cheilocystidia versiform, at times inflated or sphaeropedunculate; pileipellis a trichodermis, intercalary elements of the chains of cells 7–12 μm broad, thin walled, faintly yellowish with greenish tinges; species described above from Mexico, in montane cloud forest, with Quercus spp . and Carpinus caroliniana ...................................................................................................................................................... P. xalapensis

17. Pileus up to – 145 mm diam, soon flat or even slightly depressed, becoming rimulose or rimose, dark reddish brown, dark brown with reddish-orange tinges; stipe up to – 40 mm width; basidiospores, ochraceous; cystidia up to –50.4 × –14 μm, encrusted at apex; species described from USA, under Pinus and Quercus ................................................................................................. P. foliiporus

17. Pileus up to – 65 mm diam, hemispheric at first, then convex to plane-convex, not rimose, reddish-vinaceous to dark reddish brown, pinkish-vinaceous; stipe up to – 13 mm width; basidiospores hyaline, with pale greenish tinges; cystidia up to –102 × –16 µm, cheilocystidia at times encrusted in different areas of the wall; species described from Mexico, under Quercus oleoides in tropical oak forest ................................................................................................................................................................... P. quercophilus