Gloeocantharellus salmonicolor Reschke, C.W. Fisch. & T.A. Hofm., 2021

Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A. & Piepenbring, Meike, 2021, New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama, Phytotaxa 529 (1), pp. 1-26 : 11-14

Gloeocantharellus salmonicolor Reschke, C.W. Fisch. & T.A. Hofm. , sp. nov. Figs. 10–12

Mycobank MB838256

Diagnosis: —Differs from other species in the genus by the combination of cantharelloid basidiocarps, chrome yellow staining with KOH, as well as rugose-verrucose basidiospores of 9–11 × 5–6 µm.

Etymology: —salmoneus (Latin) = salmon-coloured, referring to the colour of the basidiocarps.

Type: — PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: near Santa Rita, road to Chorro Blanco , upon embankment between road and disturbed montane forest, close to Alnus acuminata, 1050 m a.s.l., N 08°41’36.1’’ W 82°33’13.9’’, 13 June 2017, M. Cuevas, C. Fischer, T. Hofmann, K. Reschke TH0817 (holotype UCH9367 , isotype M-0312093) !

Description: —Basidiocarps cantharelloid. Pileus 7.5–9.0 cm diam., initially convex, becoming plane, margin incurved and uneven, pale orange (6A3), light orange (6A4–5), orange (6A6), pastel red (7A4–5, 8A4–5), reddish orange (7A6–8), pale red (8A3) to orange red (8A6) when young, later decolouring to greyish yellow (2B5–6, 3B5–6), pileal surface rough, not translucently striate, not hygrophanous, staining grey to dark brown with violet tinge after damage and chrome yellow with 30% KOH. Veins decurrent, close, forking and with some anastomoses, up to 2.0 mm broad, cream in immature fruiting bodies, brownish upon maturity, staining brown after damage and chrome yellow with 30% KOH. Stipe 4.3–6.0 × 1.5–1.7 cm, tapering towards the base, solid, concolourous to the pileus, paler towards the base, rough, staining dark brown after damage, not tested with KOH. Basal mycelium white, with few, inconspicuous, short rhizomorphs. Trama creme, staining pinkish grey after damage. Odour slightly acidic, taste not tested.

Basidiospores 9.0–9.7–11.0 × 5.0–5.7–6.0 µm, Q = 1.50–1.70–1.90 (n = 71), ellipsoid to oblong, often somewhat amygdaloid, brownish in KOH, with approx. 0.5 µm thick walls, cyanophilous, with rugose-verrucose ornamentation. Basidia 50–70 × 6.0–10.0 µm, slenderly clavate, often somewhat flexuous and with 1–2 constrictions when mature, hyaline, thin-walled, 4-spored, with up to 7.5 µm long sterigmata. Hymenophoral edge heterogeneous, gloeocystidia abundant at all sides of the vein, 80–140 × 5.5–10.0 µm, slenderly subfusiform, flexuous, thin-walled, often with a 5–20 µm long rostrum. Hymenophoral trama irregular to somewhat subregular, formed by interwoven, hyaline, thin-walled hyphae, 2.0–5.0 µm wide. Pileipellis a cutis with trichodermal parts, composed of strongly interwoven, narrow, thinwalled, 1.5–4.5 µm wide hyphae. Stipitipellis similar to pileipellis. Gloeoplerous hyphae abundant in all parts, 4.0–6.0 µm wide, flexuous-cylindrical, thin-walled. Pigment intracellular in gloeoplerous hyphae and in upper pileipellis and stipitipellis, yellowish to slightly orange in H2O, paler in pileipellis and stipitipellis and brighter yellowish, but without orange tones in gloeoplerous hyphae in KOH. Clamp connections present in all parts of the basidiocarp.

Habitat: —Basidiocarps found in a small group on soil, close to Alnus acuminata at about 1050 m a.s.l. in Chiriquí, Panama.

Notes: — Gloeocantharellus salmonicolor forms a well supported clade together with G. okapaensis ( Corner 1966: 123) Corner (1969: 803) , G. persicinus T.H. Li et al. in Deng & Li (2008: 450), G. purpurascens (Hesler in Smith & Hesler 1943: 248) Singer (1945: 140) and an undescribed species collected in Brazil (Fig. 11). This clade is consistent with phylogenetic analyses of Linhares et al. (2016), based on ITS and mitochondrial atp6. Gloeocantharellus salmonicolor appears relatively close to G. purpurascens , described from North Carolina, USA, with a p-distance of 17% in the ITS. Morphologically, G. purpurascens differs from G. salmonicolor by an appressed fibrillose pileus surface and smaller basidiospores ( Petersen 1971). Gloeocantharellus persicinus , described from Guangdong, China, forms basidiocarps with lamellate hymenophore and does not stain upon bruising ( Deng & Li 2008). Basidiocarps of G. okapaensis have an often concave to widely infundibuliform pileus, and stain red with KOH ( Corner 1969). Gloeocantharellus lateritius ( Petch 1917: 202) Corner , known from Sri Lanka and India, is similar to the species in the clade including G. salmonicolor . It differs from G. salmonicolor by smaller, less robust, ‘paxilloid’ basidiocarps, and larger basidiospores, 9.5–12 × 4.5–7.0 µm, with larger Q-values: Q = 1.57–2.22 ( Joseph & Manimohan 1998). DNA sequences are not available for this species.

New records for Panama