Ischnochiton comptus ( Gould, 1859 )

Sirenko, Boris I. & Zhang, Junlong, 2019, Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of Hainan Island and vicinity, South China Sea, Zootaxa 4564 (1), pp. 1-40 : 6-7

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.1
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DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5922038
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scientific name	Ischnochiton comptus ( Gould, 1859 )
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Ischnochiton comptus ( Gould, 1859) View in CoL

( Fig. 2C View FIGURE 2 )

Chiton (Leptochiton) comptus Gould 1859: 163 . Ischnochiton thaanumi Dall, 1926: 66 View in CoL . Ischnochiton (Ischnochiton) comptus View in CoL ; Iw. Taki 1964a: 347, figs 1, 3, 5. Ischnochiton (Simplisschnochiton) comptus View in CoL ; Dell’Angelo et al. 1990: 35. Ischnochiton (Haploplax) comptus View in CoL ; Kaas & Van Belle 1994: 70, fig. 28, map 7 (bibliography and synonymy). Ischnochiton comptus View in CoL ; Is. Taki 1938: 366, pl. 14, figs 5, 10, pl. 15, figs 6, 7, pl. 25, figs 9–16, pl. 27, figs 6, 7, pl. 29, figs

11–16.; Huang & Xu 1964: 8; Kaas & Van Belle 1980: 29; Bullock & Harper 1994: 22, pls. 4A, 6A, B, 7A, B, 8A; Saito

1995: 105; 1998: 150; 2000: 13, pl. 6, fig. 14; 2001: 196, fig. 2; 2006: 212; 2017: 49, 732, pl. 5, fig. 1; Hasegawa et al.

2001: 3; Xu 2008: 457; Zhang et al. 2015: 98, fig. 5; Zhang et al. 2016: 11, fig. 9; Owada 2016: 260, figs 4F–J, 5E–H;

2018: 284, Table 3.

Type material. USNM 1562 About USNM , holotype by monotypy .

Type locality. Japan, Izu-Oshima Island , south of Sagami Bay .

Material examined. South China Sea, Hainan Island, Sanya, 3 spms, BL 14.0–20.0 mm, 21.03.1958; Sanya, on rocks, intertidal, 1 spm, BL 13.0 mm, 21.03.1958; Sanya, Luhuitou reef, intertidal, 1 spm, BL 16.0 mm, 30.12.1959; stn. 7, 19°24’22’’N, 110°44′03’’E, intertidal, on stones, 11 spms, BL 5.0–12.0 mm, 15.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko and S. Grebelniy; stn. 27, 18°18′03’’N, 109°13′55’’E, depth 2–5 m, on stones covered with red crustose algae, 1 spm, BL 8.5 mm, 24.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko; stn. 29, 18°18′03’’N, 109°13′55’’E, depth 1.5–2.0 m, on stones, 21 spms, BL 6.5–12.0 mm, 24.11.2016, leg. B. Sirenko.

Distribution. South China Sea, Beibu Gulf (Gulf of Tongkin) from 17°56’N to 20°47’N, Hainan Island, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Qingdao, south Korea, Japan from Okinawa Island to Hakodate Bay, Philippines, and possibly Indonesia ( Nierstrasz 1905) and even Australia ( Leloup 1941) from intertidal to 6 m depth.

Remarks. Owada (2016) described the new cryptic species Ischnochiton manazuruensis Owada, 2016 , which is very similar to I. comptus . These species are frequently misidentified. The main morphological difference in these species is the structure of tegmentum of the central areas. The central areas of I. comptus are covered with conspicuous quincuncial granules whereas the same areas are smooth or very weakly granulated in I. manazuruensis . Molecular analyses revealed that I. comptus and I. manazuruensis are separated by a relatively big genetic gap, similar to the gap between either of these species and I. boninensis . Ischnochiton comptus has a rather wide distribution, which extends from north Japan and Korea to North Vietnam, whereas I. manazuruensis is only known in the area between Sagami Bay and Kyushu.

References

Bullock, R. C. & Harper, K. D. (1994) The Polyplacophora of Cape d'Aguilar, Hong Kong. In: Morton, B. (Ed.), The Malacofauna of Hong Kong and Southern China III. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong, pp. 3 - 54.

Dall, W. H. (1926) New shells from Japan and the Loochoo Islands. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 39, 63 - 66.

Gould, A. A. (1859) Descriptions of shells, collected by the North Pacific Exploring Expedition. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 7, 161 - 165. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 4821

Hasegawa, K., Saito, H., Kubodera, T. & Xu, F. (2001) Marine molluscs collected from the shallow waters of Hainan Island, South China Sea, by China-Japan joint research in 1997. In Matsuura, K (Ed.), Marine fauna of the shallow waters around Hainan Island, South China Sea, National Science Museum Monographs, Tokyo, 21, 1 - 43.

Huang, X. & Xu, F. (1964) Polyplacophora. In: Zhang, X., Qi, Z., Lou, Z., Huang, X., Ma, X., Liu, Y., Xu, F. (Eds.) Pictorial guide to animals of China. Vol. I. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 5 - 10.

Kaas, P. & Van Belle, R. A. (1980) Catalogue of Living Chitons. W. Backhuys. Rotterdam, 144 pp.

Kaas, P. & Van Belle, R. A. (1994) Monograph of living chitons. (Mollusca: Polyplacophora). Volume 5. Ischnochitonidae: Ischnochitoninae (concluded), Callistoplacinae; Mopaliidae. Additions to volumes 1 - 4. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 402 pp.

Leloup, E. (1941) Quatre Ischnochitons de Tsingtao (China). Bulletin du Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 7, 1 - 15.

Nierstrasz, H. F. (1905) Die Chitonen der Siboga-Expedition. Siboga Expeditie, 48, 1 - 112.

Owada, M. (2016) A new cryptic species distinguished from Ischnochiton comptus (Gould, 1859) (Polyplacophora: Ischnochitonidae) in central Honshu, Japan. Molluscan Research, 36, 255 - 263. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 13235818.2016.1150772

Saito, H. (1995) The chiton fauna of Onagawa Bay, northeastern Honshu, Japan. Memoir of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, 28, 99 - 112.

Taki, Is. (1938) Report on the biological survey of Mutsu Bay. 31. Studies on chitons of Mutsu Bay with general discussion on chitons of Japan. Science Reports of Tohoku Imperial Universit y, Series 4, Biology, 12, 323 - 423.

Taki, Iw. (1964 a) On the chiton fauna of Japan (1), The status of Ischnochiton comptus and I. boninensis. Venus, 22, 341 - 350.

Xu, F. (2008) Class Polyplacophora Blainville, 1867. In: Liu, R. (Ed.), Checklist of marine biota of China seas, pp. 456 - 459.

Zhang, J., Shi, Z., Wang, C., Zhang, S. & Zhang, S. (2015) Taxonomic study on some common species of Polyplacophora in the coast of China based on valves and radular morphology. Marine Sciences, 39, 96 - 107.

Zhang, S., Zhang, J., Chen, C. & Xu, F. (2016) Mollusks of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. Science Press, Beijing, 421 pp.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Complete specimens of species of genera Callochiton, Ischnochiton, Lepidozona and Rhyssoplax: A. Callochiton multidentatus, Hainan, stn 27, BL 5.5 mm; B. Ischnochiton boninensis, Fujian Province, BL 17.0 mm; C. Ischnochiton comptus, Hainan, stn 29, BL 12.0 mm; D. Lepidozona coreanica, Hainan, stn 2, BL 22.0 mm; E. Rhyssoplax komaiana, Hainan, 57-1051, BL 12.0 mm; F. Rhyssoplax venusta, Guangxi Province, BL 11.5 mm.