Euconocephalus ( Karny, 1907 )

Tiwari, Chandranshu & Diwakar, Swati, 2024, The Orchestra Nocturne: Description For Six New Katydid Species From India (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), Zootaxa 5405 (2), pp. 227-245 : 234-235

Key to species of Euconocephalus ( Karny, 1907) from India

1. Fastigium of vertex more than 2 times the width............................................................. 2

- Fastigium of vertex less than 2 times the width.............................................................. 3

2. Stridulatory file with 100 teeth, eltyra apices narrowly rounded, cerci thick at the basal and thin at the middle, calling song chirp type ( Tiwari and Diwakar 2019: Fig 4 , S9; Panwhar et al. 2014 Plate iiD)............................ E. mucro (Haan)

- Stridulatory file with 100 teeth, tegmen apices obliquely rounded, trilling call, cerci tip curved inward in a hook-like with a sharp spine ( Fig 5G, 5I ; Tiwari and Diwakar 2023a: Fig 3 –ii)..................................... E. helleri sp.nov

3. Meso- and metasternum brown, without longitudinal fascia, unicolour........................................... 4

- Meso- and metasternum with black longitudinal fascia, interrupted.............................................. 9

4. Fastigium of vertex with apex rounded; anterior external margin of the tegmen is is pale or translucent................. 5

- Fastigium of vertex with apex blunt; anterior external margin of the tegmen is brownish black ( Farooqi & Usmani, 2017: Fig. 5B )........................................................................... E. pallidus (Redtenbacher)

5. Lateral carinae of pronotum present....................................................................... 6

- Lateral carinae of pronotum absent....................................................................... 8

6. Tegmen apices truncated ( Farooqi and Usmani 2017: Fig 2G ).................................. E. nastus (Thunberg)

- Tegmen apices rounded................................................................................ 7

7. Fastigium broad than long, tegmina equal to flight wings in length, supra-anal plate apex subobtuse ( Farooqi and Usmani 2017: Fig 7A , 8B , 9A)....................................................................... E. incertus (Walker)

- Fastigium longer than broad, tegmina extending beyond flight wings; supra-anal plate apex obtuse ( Fig 5B,5H )........................................................................................... E. malabaricum sp. nov.

8. Tegmen apices rounded, Stridulatory file curved with 72 teeth ( Farooqi and Usmani 2018a: Fig 1,3)......................................................................................... E. budaunensis (Farooqi and Usmani)

- Tegmen apices truncated, Stridulatory file straight with 126 teeth ( Fig 6E, 6I )..................... E. latipennis sp. nov.

9. The anterior external margin of the tegmen is pale or translucent, tegmen with obtusely rounded apex. Male subgenital plate with narrow triangular incision, styli comparatively short not reaching to the apex of cerci.......................... 10

- The anterior external margin of the tegmen is brownish-black, tegmen with narrowly rounded apex. Male subgenital plate with comparatively less deep and wider triangular incision, styli comparatively long, reaching almost to the apex of cerci, stridulatory file curved with 70 teeth ( Kumar and Chand 2023: Fig 1A–C , 2E, 2F, 2G 3A,3B )............................................................................................... E. narayanpurensis (Kumar & Chand)

10. Fastigium of vertex without median carinula, stridulatory file curved with 58 teeth ( Shah and Usmani 2022: Fig 21, 29).................................................................................. E. farooqii (Shah & Usmani)

- Fastigium of vertex with weak median carinula, stridulatory file relatively straight with 70 teeth ( Fig 7C, 7K )............................................................................................... E. brevicornis sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Hexacentrus sylvanus (a) habitus, (b) dorsal view of head, (c) laterial view of head, (d) face, (e) lateral view of head and pronotum (f) ventral view of right tegmen (P: Plectrum, M: Mirror), (g) ventral view of subgenital plate (h) lateral view of cercus, (i) scanning electron microscope image of stridulatory file.

FIGURE 2. Phyllomimus midoriyae (a) habitus, (b) dorsal view of head and pronotum, (c) face, (d) ventral view of right tegmen (P: Plectrum, M: Mirror), (e) supera-anal plate, (f) subgenital plate, (g) hind tibia.

FIGURE 3. P. midoriyae (a)–(b) scanning electron microscope image of stridulatory file.

FIGURE 4. Euconocephalus helleri (a) habitus, (b) dorsal view of fastigium, (c) dorsal view of pronotum, (d) ventral view of sternum, (e) lateral view of abdomen and cerci (f) dorsal view of right tegmen, (g) supra-anal plate, (h) subgenital plate, (i) scanning electron microscope image of stridulatory file.

FIGURE 5. Euconocephalus malabaricum (a) habitus, (b) dorsal view of head depicting fastigium, head and pronotum, (c) lateral view of head with notched frons, (d) ventral view of sternum, (e) ventral view of left tegmen with stridulatory file, (f) ventral view of right tegmen, (g) subgenital plate, (h) supra-anal plate, (i) wing apex.

FIGURE 6. Euconocephalus malabaricum: Temporal pattern and power spectra.

FIGURE 7. Euconocephalus latipennis (a) habitus, (b) dorsal view of head depicting fastigium, head and pronotum, (c) lateral view of head with notched frons, (d) ventral view of sternum, (e) wing apex (f) dorsal view of right tegmen, (g) subgenital plate, (h) lateral view of male cercus, (i) scanning electron microscope image of stridulatory file.

FIGURE 8. Euconocephalus brevicornis (a)–(b) habitus in different color morphs, (c) dorsal view of head depicting fastigium, head and pronotum, (d) face, (e) lateral view of head with notched frons, (f) ventral view of sternum (g) lateral view of cercus, (h) dorsal view of right tegmen, (i) supra-anal plate, (j) subgenital plate, (i) scanning electron microscope image of stridulatory file.