Tuberaleyrodes sp.

Lee, Suhyeon & Suh, Soo-Jung, 2022, Whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) intercepted on plant product imported to South Korea from 2013 - 2021, Insecta Mundi 2022 (947), pp. 1-17 : 13-16

32. Tuberaleyrodes sp. ( Fig. 36 )

Diagnosis. Puparium light yellow, suboval. Margin smoothly crenulate; not modified at thoracic tracheal pore openings, but slightly emarginated at caudal tracheal pore opening. Seven pairs of simple submarginal setae present along the bases of tuberculate setae. Vasiform orifice subcordate, elevated.

Korean quarantine notes. This species was intercepted once on Cinnamomum loureirii (Lauraceae) from China. The specimen was carefully examined based on the key to Chinese Tuberaleyrodes ( Wang et al. 2013) . However, it was hard to determine the specific level. This species might be included in the six other Tuberaleyrodes species that were not described in their paper.

Key to whiteflies intercepted at South Korean ports of entry

(based on the puparium)

1. Puparium black.......................................................................... 2

— Puparium pale.......................................................................... 14

2(1). Dorsum with elongate spines with acute apices............................................... 3

— Dorsum without elongate spines with acute apices............................................ 4

3(2). Marginal teeth not large with at least 6 teeth occupying 0.1 mm of margin; submargin normally with 11 pairs of stout spines in a row, all similar in length... Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintance) ( Fig. 3 )

— Marginal teeth very large and rounded with 3.5–5.0 teeth per 0.1 mm of margin; submargin usually with 11 pairs of stout spines in a row with cephalothoracic and caudal pairs alternately longer than adjacent ones............................................. Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby ( Fig. 4–5 )

4(2). Tracheal opening notch or pore present..................................................... 5

— Tracheal opening notch or pore absent...................................................... 9

5(4). Head with a T-shaped sculpture............................................................ 6

— Head without a T-shaped sculpture......................................................... 7

6(5). Submarginal furrow crenulate (wavy); tracheal opening flat, without internal loop; body oval; dorsum with small bumps............................... Aleuroclava gordoniae (Takahashi) ( Fig. 8 )

— Submarginal furrow not crenulate; tracheal opening thong-shaped; body elliptical with pointed posterior margin; dorsum coarsely sculptured.................. Aleuroclava aucubae (Kuwana) ( Fig. 6 )

7(5). Dorsum with large areolae in abdominal submarginal row..................................................................................... Aleuroclava neolitseae (Takahashi) ( Fig. 11 )

— Dorsum without large areolae in abdominal submarginal row.................................. 8

8(7). Body elongate, widest in middle, lips-shaped; eye spots long, oblique slender rod-shaped; dorsum with minute circular pores......................... Aleuroclava hikosanensis (Takahashi) ( Fig. 9 )

— Body elliptical to oval; eye spots not as above; dorsum coarsely sculptured............................................................................. Aleuroclava euryae (Kuwana) ( Fig. 7 )

9(4). Submargin and subdorsum separated by a distinct dorsal suture-like furrow which is almost always margin-concentric or cephalothorax and/or abdomen with submedial longitudinal folds...... 10

— Submargin and subdorsum not separated by a distinct dorsal suture-like furrow.................................................................... Aleuroplatus bossi Takahashi ( Fig. 16–17 )

10(9). Submedial furrow absent, dorsal disc separated from submarginal region by suture; margin with 1 row of teeth............................................................................ 11

— Submedial furrow present; dorsal disc not separated from submarginal region by suture (in the species that key here); margin with 1 or 2 rows of teeth 13

11(10). Vasiform orifice surrounded by a trilobed figure....... Aleurolobus marlatti (Quaintance) ( Fig. 14 )

— Vasiform orifice not surrounded by a trilobed figure ( Tetraleurodes )........................... 12

12(11). Subdorsal disc with longitudinal ridge elevated on thorax and anterior abdominal segments; with 2 celllike structures on lateral part of rim of vasiform orifice; one pair of long stout setae absent on A1 and A8, caudal extremity without 1 pair of long stout setae Tetraleurodes ursorum (Cockerell) ( Fig. 33 )

— Subdorsal disc without longitudinal ridge as above; without cell-like structures on lateral part of rim of vasiform orifice; one pair of long stout setae present on A1 and A8, caudal extremity with 1 pair of long stout setae................................................ Tetraleurodes sp. ( Fig. 32 )

13(10). Dorsal disc with 1 pair of longitudinal cephalothoracic folds, with many subcircular papillae; thoracic tracheal and caudal combs absent; rachis with pronounced ridges.......................................................................... Aleurotrachelus dryandrae Solomon ( Fig. 18 )

— Dorsal disc with 1 pair of longitudinally pigmented area on cephalothorax, but without subcircular papillae; thoracic tracheal and caudal combs not clear, but their margin thick or sclerotized; rachis present but not as pronounced.............................. Aleurotrachelus sp. ( Fig. 19–20 )

14(1). Puparium with compound pores present, abdomen with 4 pairs of compound pores similar in size and shape; a claw present at the apex of each thoracic leg; the lingula very long, extending past the vasiform orifice with two pairs of setae at its apex ( Aleurodicinae )................................................................................... Aleurodicus dispersus Russell ( Fig. 13 )

— Puparium without compound pores present (large simple pores present in Dialeuropora ); thoracic legs with adhesive or circular disc at the apices of the legs; lingula usually not long and extending past the vasiform orifice and with 1 pair of setae ( Aleyrodinae )................................... 15

15(14). Dorsum with elongate spines with clavate or fimbriate apices................................. 16

— Dorsum without elongate spines with clavate or fimbriate apices............................... 17

16(15). With 7 pairs of long submarginal setae with clavate apices each on a tuberculate base............................................................................. Tuberaleyrodes sp. ( Fig. 36 )

— With more than 19 pairs of long spines with fimbriate apices.. Aleurocanthus rugosa Singh ( Fig. 1–2 )

17(15). Subdorsum with 5 pairs of large simple pores, more-or-less evenly spaced; with normally 12 pairs of short lanceolate setae on subdorsum.................................................................................... Dialeuropora decempuncta (Quaintance and Baker) ( Fig. 26 )

— Subdorsum without large simple pores; without lanceolate setae on subdorsum.................. 18

18(17). Thoracic and/or caudal openings at margin in form of distinct pore or notch.................... 19

— Thoracic and usually caudal openings at margin either unmarked or in the form of.modified marginal teeth.............................................................................. 26

19(18). Submargin of cephalothorax separated from dorsal disc by a suture.................................................................................. Cockerelliella psidii (Corbett) ( Fig. 22 )

— Submargin not separated from dorsal disc by a suture........................................ 20

20(19). Submargin with a row of many dentate glands; marginal crenulations at thoracic and caudal openings strongly differentiated to form combs of narrowly elongate teeth.......................................................... Orchamoplatus mammaeferus (Quaintance and Baker) ( Fig. 28 )

— Submargin without a row of many dentate glands; marginal crenulations at thoracic and caudal openings without combs as above.............................................................. 21

21(20). Tracheal opening notch-like, with or without teeth ( Aleuroclava ).............................. 22

— Tracheal opening round, pore-like, with or without teeth..................................... 23

22(21). Cephalothorax with 5 pairs of submedian tubercles; metathoracic tubercles with brown pigment..................................................... Aleuroclava jasmini (Takahashi) ( Fig. 10 )

— Cephalothorax without submedian tubercles; metathoracic tubercles without brown pigment......................................................... Aleuroclava similis (Takahashi) ( Fig. 12 )

23(21). Caudal and tracheal ventral areas lined with spinules or nodules; head region delimited by faint suture; 10–12 pairs of submarginal setae (sm) present (sm1–5 before the anterior spiracle, sm6–12 (7) after, sm12, last pair before es setae, laterad to vasiform orifice) ( Dialeurodes ).................... 24

— Caudal and tracheal ventral areas not lined with spinules or nodules (usually smooth); head region not delimited by faint suture; 13–15 pairs of submarginal setae present (sm1-5 before the anterior spiracle, sm6–14,15 (9,10) after)....................................................... 25

24(23). First abdominal setae present; longitudinal brown pigmentation present on cephalothorax and abdominal segments on median area; eighth abdominal setae medio-lateral to vasiform orifice.......................................................... Dialeurodes kirkaldyi (Kotinsky) ( Fig. 25 )

— First abdominal setae absent; longitudinal pigmentation absent on cephalothorax and abdomen; eighth abdominal setae medio-anterior to the orifice or nearly lateral to the base of operculum............................................................. Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead) ( Fig. 24 )

25(23). Posteriormost pair of submarginal setae (sm14 usually 14th pair) nearly always situated on caudal ridges between caudal setae and vasiform orifice (vo), but if laterad to furrow then caudal furrow wider than vo and lined with many rows of small nodules; fore and mid-legs closely appressed; caudal furrow more or less lined with transverse rows of nodules............. Massilieurodes sp. ( Fig. 27 )

— Posteriormost pair of submarginal setae always situated laterad to the caudal ridges (not directly under the vasiform orifice); fore and mid-legs not closely appressed; caudal furrow not ornamented........................................................... Singhiella simplex (Singh) ( Fig. 31 )

26(18). Submargin and subdorsum separated by a distinct dorsal suture-like furrow which is almost always margin-concentric or cephalothorax and/or abdomen with submedial longitudinal folds............................................ Crenidorsum aroidephagus Martin and Aguiar ( Fig. 23 )

— Submargin and subdorsum not separated by a distinct dorsal suture-like furrow................. 27

27(26). Vasiform orifice located in a pit; lingula exposed with a short, D-shaped head............................................................................. Pealius mori (Takahashi) ( Fig. 30 )

— Vasiform orifice not located in a pit; lingula without a D-shaped head........................... 28

28(27). Vasiform orifice cordate or subcordate, either mostly or fully occupied by the operculum, with the lingula completely or partially covered, or lingula fully exposed; first abdominal setae absent in most species............................................... Aleuroplatus alcocki (Peal) ( Fig. 15 )

— Vasiform orifice triangular or elongate-cordate, operculum only occupying half of the orifice and lingular head clearly defined, mostly or fully exposed, finely spinulose, included in or slightly extending beyond orifice; first abdominal setae present in most species.............................. 29

29(28). Submargin with usually 14 pairs of long slender setae, extending beyond the lateral margin; transverse suture extends to lateral margin; sides of lingula with a pair of protuberances..................................................................... Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana) ( Fig. 29 )

— Submargin without long slender setae as above, but if setae present in outer submargin then usually less in number and not extending beyond the lateral margin; transverse moulting suture usually not reaching the lateral margin; sides of lingula without a pair of protuberances................. 30

30(29). Lingular head not distinctly lobulate; glandular papillae not present around the margin................................................................. Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) ( Fig. 21 )

— Lingular head distinctly lobulate (usually with 3 lobes); glandular papillae present or absent ( Trialeurodes )........................................................................... 31

31(30). Dorsal disc with many papillae on the marginal and submarginal areas, outer papillae in a row, inner papillae scattered or irregular rows; thoracic tracheal pore area obscure or poorly marked by weak indentations in 2 or 3 marginal crenulations............ Trialeurodes glacialis (Bemis) ( Fig. 34 )

— A single submarginal row of papillae present; thoracic tracheal pore area marked by a pore-shaped design on submarginal ridges and by narrowness of 4 or 5 marginal crenulations......................................................... Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) ( Fig. 35 )

Figures

Figures 28–36. Nine species of whiteflies.28) Orchamoplatus mammaeferus (Quaintance and Baker), puparium.29) Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana), puparium. 30) Pealius mori (Takahashi), puparium. 31) Singhiella simplex (Singh), puparium. 32) Tetraleurodes sp., puparium. 33) Tetraleurodes ursorum (Cockerell), puparium. 34) Trialeurodes glacialis (Bemis), puparium. 35) Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), puparium. 36) Tuberaleyrodes sp., puparium.

Figures 1–9. Seven species of whiteflies. 1–2) Aleurocanthus rugosa Singh, puparium and spines with fimbriate apices. 3) Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintance), puparium. 4–5) Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby, puparium and thoracic margin. 6) Aleuroclava aucubae (Kuwana), puparium. 7) Aleuroclava euryae (Kuwana), puparium. 8) Aleuroclava gordoniae (Takahashi), puparium. 9) Aleuroclava hikosanensis (Takahashi), puparium.

Figures 10–18. Eight species of whiteflies.10) Aleuroclava jasmini (Takahashi), puparium.11) Aleuroclava neolitseae (Takahashi), puparium. 12) Aleuroclava similis (Takahashi), puparium. 13) Aleurodicus dispersus Russell, puparium. 14) Aleurolobus marlatti (Quaintance), puparium. 15) Aleuroplatus alcocki (Peal), puparium. 16–17) Aleuroplatus bossi Takahashi, puparium and vasiform orifice. 18) Aleurotrachelus dryandrae Solomon, puparium.

Figures 19–27. Eight species of whiteflies. 19–20) Aleurotrachelus sp., puparium and abdomen detail of the vasiform orifice.21) Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), puparium. 22) Cockerelliella psidii (Corbett), puparium. 23) Crenidorsum aroidephagus Martin and Aguiar, puparium. 24) Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead), puparium. 25) Dialeurodes kirkaldyi (Kotinsky), puparium. 26) Dialeuropora decempuncta (Quaintance and Baker), puparium. 27) Massilieurodes sp., puparium.