Sarocladium kiliense (Grütz) Summerbell, Studies

Sun, Jing-Zu, Ge, Qin-Ya, Zhu, Zhi-Bao, Zhang, Xiao-Ling & Liu, Xing-Zhong, 2019, Three dominating hypocrealean fungi of the ‘ white mold spots’ on acrylic varnish coatings of the murals in a Koguryo tomb in China, Phytotaxa 397 (3), pp. 225-236 : 233

Sarocladium kiliense (Grütz) Summerbell, Studies in Mycology 68: 158 (2011) ( Fig. 5 )

Saprobic on substrate. Colonies on PDA, flat to slightly elevated in center, funiculose to floccose textured, forward pale yellow, reverse yellow ochraceous, without pigment diffusing into the agar. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, sometimes aggregated into synnematous conidiomata, mainly solitary phialides, unbranched. Phialides acicular, straight or slightly flexuous, 20–30 × 0.5–1.5 μm (x = 27 × 1.2 μm, n = 30), tapering at the apex. Conidia solitary, acrogenous, amerospores, ellipsoidal to cylindrical with rounded ends, straight or sometimes slightly curved, aggregated in small slimy globose clusters, aseptate, hyaline, smooth and thin-walled, 3–5 × 2.5–3 μm (x = 4.5 × 2.8 μm, n = 50). Chlamydospores absent. Octahedral crystals undetermined.

Culture characteristics: Colonies on PDA fast-growing, reaching 50–55 mm in diam. 10 days at 20 °C, flat to slightly elevated in center, funiculose to floccose textured, forward pale yellow, reverse yellow ochraceous, without pigment diffusing into the agar.

Material examined: CHINA. Jilin Province, JiAn City, WKT5 tomb, associated with‘white moldy spots’ on B01-6 coat, 30 August 2016. J.Z. Sun, living culture CGMCC 3.19018, CGMCC 3.19019.

Notes: Sarocladium kiliense was introduced by Summerbell et al. (2011) based on phylogenetic analysis of LSU sequences data of Acremonium and Sarocladium . Phylogenetically, our isolates grouped A. camptosporum , together with the type stain with strong support (100 MLBS & 1.00 BYPP, Fig. 2 ). The morphological characteristics of our isolates are similar to the description of Sarocladium kiliense ( Acremonium kiliense ) provided by Gams (1971) ( Fig. 5 ). Although the chlamydospores are lacking in our isolates, based on our phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, our isolates also represent Sarocladium kiliense .

Figures

FIGURE 2. Phylogeny of Hypocreales based on a combination of ITS and LSU sequence data. Xylaria hypoxylon, Xylaria arbuscula, and Xylaria polymorpha are selected as outgroup taxa. Bayesian posterior probabilities greater than 0.95 are indicated (BYPP) (left). Bootstrap values higher than 75% from RAxML (MLBS) (right) are given above the nodes. Asterisks indicate bootstrap values less than 50% or Bayesian posterior probability values lower than 0.95. T indicates ex-living type. NT indicates new ex-living type. Our taxa are in red font.

FIGURE 5. Sarocladium kiliense (CGMCC 3.19018). a Colonies on PDA after 14 days, forward (left), reverse (right). b–e Conidiophores with conidia f–i. Conidiogenous cells. j–m Conidia. Scale bars: b–d= 20 μm; e–i= 10 μm; k–m = 5 μm.