Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) glabrum glabrum (Sluiter, 1902)

Hsueh, Pan-Wen & Kuo, Chia-Ming, 2009, New records of sipunculan worms from Taiwan, Zootaxa 2067, pp. 51-61 : 59

Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) glabrum glabrum (Sluiter, 1902)

Figs 2 I, 3D

Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) glabrum Stephen & Edmonds, 1972: 305

Phascolosoma glabrum glabrum Cutler, 1994: 177 (for complete synonymy).

Material examined. Three specimens (NMNS-5928-019), Nanwun (21°57.30' N, 120°46.00' E), Pingtung County, intertidal reefs, coll. H.-T. Hung, 21 August 1988; one specimen (NMNS-5928-020), Sunsheintai (23°06.899' N, 121°24.012' E), Taitung County, intertidal reefs, coll. P.-W. Hsueh, 14 October 2007.

Remarks. Cutler and Cutler (1990) reviewed the genus Phascolosoma and suggested that Phascolosoma glabrum can be separated into two subspecies, P. glabrum glabrum sensu stricto and P. glabrum multiannulatum (Wesenberg-Lund) . Hooks in the present specimens agree with the descriptions of those in P. glabrum glabrum by Cutler (1994: 170, fig. 49B; present study, Fig 3 D). Most previous records of this species were from Indo-West Pacific islands (from Diego Garcia in Indian Ocean to Funafuti in South Pacific Ocean) in the Southern Hemisphere. Eniwetok in the Marshall Islands is the only known locality in the Northern Hemisphere ( Cutler 1994). The present records add two new localities in the Northern Hemisphere. These two new localities mark its northernmost range.

Figures

FIGURE 2. A, Sipunculus robustus Keferstein. B, Siphonosoma funafuti (Shipley). C, Siphonosoma vastum (Selenka and Bülow). D, Golfingia margaritacea margaritacea (Sars). E, Golfingia muricaudata (Southern, 1913). F, Thysanocardia nigra (Ikeda). Scalebars: A-E, 10 mm; F, 2.5 mm. G, Themiste minor minor (Ikeda), H, Phascolosoma arcuatum (Gray). I, Phascolosoma glabrum glabrum (Sluiter). J, Aspidosiphon (Aspidosiphon) muelleri Diesing. K, Aspidosiphon coyi de Quatrefages. Scalebars: G, 5 mm; H – J, 10 mm; K, 2.5 mm.

FIGURE 3. A, Introvert hooks of Siphonosoma vastum (Selenka and Bülow). B, Anterior close-up view of Themiste minor minor (Ikeda), showing posteriorly orientated hooks. C, Introvert hooks of Phascolosoma arcuatum (Gray). D, Introvert hooks of Phascolosoma glabrum glabrum (Sluiter). E, Anal shield of Aspidosiphon muelleri Diesing. F, Introvert unidentate hook of Aspidosiphon muelleri Diesing. G, Anal shield of Aspidosiphon coyi de Quatrefages, showing grooves on the surface of anal shield. H, Introvert hook of Aspidosiphon coyi de Quatrefages, showing a small secondary tooth on the hook. Scalebars: A, 100 μm; B, E, G, 1 mm; C – D, 80 μm; F, 10 μm; H, 20 μm.