Dasyhelea lacustris Ingram and Macfie, 1931

Díaz, Florentina, Spinelli, Gustavo R., Donato, Mariano & Ronderos, María M., 2014, A taxonomic revision of the Patagonian species of the Dasyhelea mutabilis species group with a phylogenetic analysis of New World species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 48 (35 - 36), pp. 2117-2175 : 2136-2140

Dasyhelea lacustris Ingram and Macfie, 1931

( Figures 5 , 18G,H , 20 )

Dasyhelea lacustris Ingram and Macfie, 1931: 190 (female, Argentina); Wirth, 1974: 17 (in catalogue of south USA species); Spinelli and Wirth, 1993: 29 (in list; Argentina); Borkent and Wirth, 1997: 55 (in World catalogue); Spinelli, 1998: 325 (in list; Argentina); Borkent and Spinelli, 2000: 25 (in New World catalogue south of

the USA); Borkent and Spinelli, 2007: 60 (in Neotropical catalogue); Borkent, 2014: 66 (in online World catalogue).

Diagnosis

Only species of Dasyhelea in Patagonia with the following combination of characters: male with posterolateral arm of aedeagus divided, posteromedian projection of aedeagus triangular with simple pointed tip; sternite 9 0.3 × longer than greatest width; PR 5.00–5.50. Female with subgenital plate semicircular with semicircular lumen, posteromedian projection short, triangular and posterolateral arms slender, slightly recurved distally; scutum brown and scutellum pale brown.

Description of male. Similar to female with usual sexual differences. Antennal flagellum as in Figure 5A . Palpus ( Figure 5B ) pale brown; segment 3 very slender, bearing scattered sensilla on mesal surface; PR 5.00–5.50 (5.34, n = 10). Scutellum with 7–8 large, 2–3 thinner setae. Wing ( Figure 18H ) length 0.87–1.11 (0.97, n = 10) mm, width 0.27–0.36 (0.31, n = 10) mm; CR 0.40–0.44 (0.41, n = 10). Genitalia ( Figure 5C ): tergite 9 rounded distally, reaching level of apex of gonocoxites, apicolateral process slender, broadly divergent with subapical seta; cercus very small, appressed to base apicolateral process, with 2–3 setae; sternite 9 ( Figure 5D ) 0.3 length of greatest width, posteromedian projection rounded, reaching half of aedeagus length, apex folded, heavily sclerotized. Gonocoxite stout, 1.9 × longer than greatest width, with short anteromedial process; gonostylus 0.8 length of gonocoxite, proximal half moderately broad, abruptly tapered at mid-length, apex slightly hooked, tip pointed. Paramere and gonocoxal apodemes forming an asymmetrical structure ( Figure 5E ); gonocoxal apodemes stout, nearly straight, with short subbasal tooth; right apodeme broadly fused with parameres, left apodeme separate; parameres moderately short, reaching mesal portion of aedeagus, apex blunt pointed. Aedeagus 0.4 length of greatest width; W/L ratio 1.83–2.00 (1.90, n = 10), anterior margin straight, basal arms short, directed laterad; posterolateral arms divided, inner portion slender with anteroventrally recurved tips; posteromedian projection triangular, tip simple, pointed.

Redescription of female. Head dark brown. Eyes contiguous for the distance of width of 5 ommatidia. Antennal flagellum ( Figure 5F ) dark brown; AR 0.77–0.88 (0.84, n = 10). Clypeus ( Figure 5G ) with 6–7 pairs of setae. Palpus ( Figure 5H ) pale brown; segment 3 with 1–2 subbasomesal capitate sensilla; PR 3.40–4.00 (3.81, n = 10).

Thorax. Scutum dark brown; scutellum pale brown with 6–7 large, 3–4 thinner setae. Legs dark brown, tarsomeres 1–3 whitish, 4–5 slightly infuscated; apex of hind tibia with 6–7 spines; foreleg TR 1.75–1.96 (1.84, n = 10), midleg TR 1.89–2.03 (1.97, n = 10), hind leg TR 1.94–2.06 (2.00, n = 10). Wing ( Figure 18G ) length 0.75–0.87 (0.80, n = 10) mm, width 0.33–0.39 (0.34, n = 10) mm; CR 0.40–0.44 (0.42, n = 10); membrane hyaline, densely covered with macrotrichia; radial cells obliterated; cubital fork at level of anterior portion of second radial cell. Haltere dark brown.

Abdomen. Dark brown. Subgenital plate ( Figure 5I ) ovoid, with broad, semicircular lumen, posteromedian projection short, triangular; posterolateral arms slender, curved. Spermatheca ( Figure 5J ) spherical, heavily sclerotized, diameter 36 µm, neck short, straight, measuring 12 µm.

Distribution ( Figure 20 )

Argentina (La Pampa, Neuquen, Río Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra de Fuego), Chile (Concepción, Malleco, Cautin, Valdivia, Llanquihue, Coihaique).

Type material

Holotype female, Argentina, Río Negro prov., lago Gutiérrez , 3–14 November 1926, F. and M. Edwards (examined, BMNH).

Other specimens examined

Argentina, La Pampa prov., General Acha , 22 November 1984, J. A. Downes, 1 female, sweep net ( JAD 1646 /1) ( CNCI) . Neuquen prov., San Martin de los Andes , 27 November 1984, J. A. Downes, 1 female, sweep net ( JAD 1654 /1) ( CNCI) ; 16 km south San Martín de los Andes , 27 November 1984, G. Spinelli, 1 female ( MLPA) ; same data except 4 February 1986, G. Spinelli, 1 female ( MLPA) ; lago Espejo , 27 November 1984, G. Spinelli, 2 females ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, lago Espejo, 40°38′49.3″ S, 71°42′12.7″ W, 903 m, 4/ 23 February 2008, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 male, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; río Malleo y salida a Primeros Pinos , 7 February 1986, G. Spinelli, 3 males, 4 females ( MLPA) ; 40 km SO Zapala, laguna del Burro , 16 December 1986, G. Spinelli, 1 male, 1 female, sweep net ( MLPA) ; 20 km west lago Aluminé , 14 February 1994, G. Spinelli, 1 female ( MLPA) ; Lago Aluminé , 22 December 1996 / 3 January 1997, G. Spinelli, 1 male, 1 female ( MLPA) , 1 male, 1female ( BMNH) , Malaise trap; same data except 4 December 1997, G. Spinelli, 2 females, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same data except 19 January / 2 February 1997, G. Spinelli, 2 males, 4 females ( MLPA) , 1 male, 1 female ( USNM) , 1 male, 1 female ( CNCI) , Malaise trap; arroyo camino a las Termas del Queñi , 7 February 1999, P. Marino, 2 males, 1 female, sweep net ( MLPA) ; laguna Epulaufquen , 22 February 2001, G. Spinelli, 2 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; El Cholar , 1225 m, 24 February 2001, G. Spinelli, 3 males, 5 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; Quillén , 30 November 2001, G. Spinelli 8 females ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, río Minero, 40°41′23.5″ S, 71°17′33.2″ W, 832 m, 7/ 20 February 2008, Garré-Montes de Oca , 2 males, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same data except 20 February / 6 March 2008, 4 females ( MLPA) . Río Negro prov., Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, arroyo Blanco y ruta a Tronador , 31 January 1986, G. Spinelli, 1 male, 2 females ( MLPA) ; extremo S lago Mascardi , 31 January 1986, G. Spinelli, 2 males, 4 females ( MLPA) ; Bariloche, arroyo Chall-Huaco , 26 January 1988, G. Spinelli, 2 females ( MLPA) ; meseta de Somuncurá, estancia El Rincón , 27 February 1995, G. Spinelli, 4 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; same data except November 1995, G. Spinelli, 1 male, 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same data except 26/ 30 December 1995, G. Spinelli, 1 female, ( MLPA) ; same data except 28/ 29 January 1999, P. Marino, 1 female, sweep net ( MLPA) ; ruta Nac. 40 y río Chenqueniyen , 1 December 1995, G. Spinelli, 2 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; lago Steffen , 1 December 1999, P. Marino, 3 males, 3 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, río Manso , 1 February 1986, G. Spinelli, 7 males, 2 females ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, río Manso superior, 41°14′8.1″ S, 71°42′27.3″ W, 845 m, 7 February / 2 March 2007, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 male, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, río Manso Medio, La Cantera, 41°21′16″ S, 71°42′27.3″ W, 764 m, 11/ 30 December 2006, Garré-Montes de Oca , 2 males, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same date except 15 January / 7 February 2007, 2 males ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Laguna Los Juncos, 41°03′37.9″ S, 71°00′34.3″ W, 906 m, 12 December 2006, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 female, sweep net ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Laguna Schmool, 41°11′36.7″ S, 71°29′51.2″ W, 1925 m, 24 January 2007 Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 female, sweep net ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, arroyo Ñireco, 41°11′51″ S, 71°19′40.5″ W, 962 m, 23 January / 13 February 2007, Garré-Montes de Oca , 3 males, 7 females, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, río Pichitraful, 40°42′46″ S, 71°47′23″ W, 789 m, 23 February 2008, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 male, 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same data except 14 December 2007 / 3 January 2008, 1 female ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Laguna Mercedes, 40°52′43.4″ S, 71°34′41″ W, 899 m, 14 December 2007 / 3 January 2008, Garré-Montes de Oca , 2 females, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; same data except 3/ 21 January 2008, 5 females ( MLPA) ; same data except 21 January / 4 February 2008, 1 male ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Lago Hess, 41°22′00″ S, 71°44′31″ W, 767 m, 23 December 2008 / 19 January 2009, Garré-Montes de Oca , 3 females, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Lago Fonck, 41°20′09.5″ S, 71°45′17.4″ W, 771 m, 26 February / 19 March 2009, Garré-Montes de Oca , 1 female, Malaise trap ( MLPA) . Chubut prov., Esquel , laguna Z, 19 January 1988, G. Spinelli, 1 male, 1 female ( MLPA) ; lago Fontana , 12 December 1995, G. Spinelli, 1 male, 1 female, sweep net ( MLPA) ; meseta de Sierra Cuadrada, estancia Don Eduardo , 1 December 1996, G. Spinelli, 3 males, 2 females, at light ( MLPA) ; same date except 1/ 2 December 1996, G. Spinelli, 5 males, 4 females, Malaise trap ( MLPA) ; arroyo Las Bayas , 1 December 1999, G. Spinelli, 3 females, sweep net ( MLPA) . Santa Cruz prov., lago del Desierto , 19 January 1995, I. Garda, 1 male, sweep net ( MLPA) ; ruta Prov. 41, ( Ranchito ), 46°54′34.9″ S, 71°51′54.4″ W, 1060 m, 19 February 2009, G. Spinelli, 1 male, sweep net ( MLPA) . Tierra del Fuego prov., Parque Nacional Tierra del Fuego, Lapataia , 8 January 1994. G. Spinelli, 1 female ( MLPA) .

Chile, Concepción prov. , Rafael, 8 December 2003, G. Spinelli, 1 male, 1 female, sweep net ( MLPA) . Malleco prov. , Cord de las Raices, 40 km west Curacautin, 1650 m, 5 February 1979, Davis-Akerbergs, 1 male ( MLPA) ; Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta , 27 December 1984, J. A. Downes, 2 males, 2 females, sweep net ( JAD 1683 /1) ( CNCI) . Cautin prov. , Fundo San Martín, 15 December 1984, J. A. Downes, 2 females, sweep net ( JAD 1669 /1) ( CNCI) ; same data except 16 December 1984, 1 female ( JAD 1670 /1) ( CNCI) . Valdivia prov. , Panguipulli, 26 November 1992, G. Spinelli, 1 male, 2 females ( MLPA) . Llanquihue prov. , Puerto Mont, 1 January 1985, J. A. Downes, 1 female, sweep net ( JAD 1688 /4) ( CNCI) ; same date except 1 female ( JAD 1688 /5) ( CNCI) ; Parque Nacional Vicente Perez Rosales , Casa Pangue, 41°02′55″ S, 71°52′31.2″ W, 366 m, 18 February 2008. M. Donato, 5 females, sweep net ( MLPA) ; río Peulla , 41°02′55″ S, 71°52′31.2″ W, 366 m, 18 February 2008, M. Donato, 2 males, 2 females, Malaise trap ( MLPA) . Coihaique prov. , Coihaique, 5 February1985, J. A. Downes, 1 female, sweep net ( JAD 1718 /2) ( CNCI) .

Phylogenetic relationships

The phylogenetic relationships of this species are discussed in the description of the D. andensis .

Remarks

We provide the first description and illustrations of the male of D. lacustris .

Figures

Figure 5. Dasyhelea lacustris Ingram and Macfie: (A–E) male, (F–J) female. (A, F), Flagellomeres. (B, H) Palpus. (C) Genitalia, ventral view. (D) Sternite 9. (E) Paramere and gonocoxal apodemes. (G) Clypeus. (I) Subgenital plate, ventral view. (J) Spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.05 mm.

Figure 18. Photographs of wings. (A, B) Dasyhelea andensis Ingram and Macfie: (A) female, (B) male. (C, D) Dasyhelea carlae Díaz and Spinelli sp. nov.: (C) female, (D) male. (E, F) Dasyhelea ingrami Díaz and Spinelli sp.nov.: (E) female, (F) male. (G, H) Dasyhelea lacustris Ingram and Macfie: (G) female, (H) male. (I, J) Dasyhelea macfiei Díaz and Spinelli sp. nov.: (I) female, (J) male. Scale bars: 0.05 mm.

Figure 20. Distribution map of Dasyhelea andensis, Dasyhelea lacustris, Dasyhelea tehuelche and Dasyhelea yamana.