Grayia Günther, 1858

Marques, Mariana P., Ceríaco, Luis M. P., Blackburn, David C. & Bauer, Aaron M., 2018, Diversity and Distribution of the Amphibians and Terrestrial Reptiles of Angola Atlas of Historical and Bibliographic Records (1840 - 2017), Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 65, pp. 1-501 : 384-386

Genus Grayia Günther, 1858

Grayia caesar ( Günther, 1863) CAESAR’S AFRICAN WATER SNAKE

Xenurophis caesar Günther 1863:357 , pl. 6, fig. c. Holotype: BMNH 1946.1 .6.38 (formerly BMNH 1843.1.10.7) (collector W. Raddon). Type locality: “Fernando Pó” [= Bioko], Equatorial Guinea.

Grayia caesar : Chippaux (2006:94), Chirio and LeBreton (2007:432), Wallach et al. (2014:310).

Global conservation status (IUCN): Not

Evaluated.

Global distribution: The species is known from Cameroon, Central African to

Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Ocurrences in Angola (Map 346): The species has been recorded from the Cabinda enclave. Cabinda: “Mouth of the Loango”

[-5.15000, 12.16667] ( Boulenger 1894:288).

Taxonomic and distributional notes:

This species was only recorded from Angola by

Boulenger (1894), this record could correspond to Grayia smithii ( Leach, 1818) , however, the extralimital records of G. caesar ( Chippaux

2006; Chirio and LeBreton 2007; Wallach et al.

2014) are consistent with its occurrence in the

Cabinda enclave. MAP 346. Distribution of Grayia caesar in Angola.

Grayia ornata (Bocage, 1866) ORNATE AFRICAN WATER SNAKE

Macrophis ornatus Bocage (1866a:47 , 1866b:67). Syntypes: ZMB 7772 (formerly MBL), two additional MBL specimens, numbers unknown (collector F.A.P. Bayão), destroyed by fire 18 March 1978. Type locality: Type locality: “ Duque de Bragança dans l’interior d’Angola” ( Bocage 1866a:47) [= Calandula], Malanje Province, Angola .

Glaniolestes ornatus : Peters (1877a:614).

Graya ornata : Bocage (1897a:200, 1895a:104), Boulenger (1915:207), Loveridge (1936a:34), Laurent (1950a:9, 1954a:44, 1964a:102), Thys van den Audenaerde (1966:34), Broadley (1983:21), Broadley et al. (2003:179), Broadley and Cotterill (2004:49), Chippaux (2006:95), Chirio and LeBreton (2007:434), Wallach et al. (2014:310).

Global conservation status (IUCN): Not

Evaluated.

Global distribution: The species extends from Cameroon south to Angola, west to the former Katanga Province of the Democratic

Republic of Congo and northwestern Zambia.

Ocurrences in Angola (Map 347): The species is limited to northern regions of the country including the Cabinda encalve . Cabinda: “Chinchoxo” [-5.10000, 12.10000] ( Peters

1877a:614; Bocage 1895a:104). Lunda Norte:

“Dundo” [-7.36667, 20.83333] ( Bocage

1895a:104; Laurent 1950a:9, 1954a:44,

1964a:10; Thys van den Audenaerde

(1966:34); “in a tributary of the right side of the

Tchihumbwe about 50 km west of Dundo”

[-7.38333, 20.85000] (Laurent 1950:9);

“Dundo (Mussungue river)” [-7.41667, MAP 347. Distribution of Grayia ornata in Angola.

20.83333] ( Thys van den Audenaerde 1966:349); “Luachimo” [-7.53333, 21.08333] ( Laurent 1950a:9). Malanje: “Duque de Bragança ” [-9.10000, 15.95000] ( Bocage 1866a:47, 1866b:67, 1895a:104, 1897a:200, Loveridge 1936a:34; Broadley 1983:21; Chippaux 2006:95; Chirio and LeBreton 2007:434; Wallach et al. 2014:310).

Taxonomic and distributional notes: The species was described as new by Bocage in two different papers (1866a, b), both of which appeared in the November 1866 issue of the same journal.

Grayia smythii ( Leach, 1818) SMYTH’S AFRICAN WATER SNAKE

Coluber Smythii Leach 1818:409 . Holotype: BMNH 1946.1 .1.67 (formerly BMNH 48.9.15.10) or BMNH

1946.1.5.16 (collector J. Cranch, don. W.E. Leach), see Boulenger (1894:287). Type locality: “near

Embomma” ( Leach 1818:409), [= vicinity of Boma, Bas-Congo Province] Democratic Republic of Congo. Grayia triangularis : Bocage (1866a:47, 1895a:102). Grayia smithii : Boulenger (1894:287, 1915:207). Grayia smithi : Ferreira (1906:168), Laurent (1950a:8, 1964a:102), Thys van den Audenaerde (1966:34),

Trapé and Mané (2006:104), Chirio and LeBreton (2007:436) Grayia smythii : Spawls et al. (2004:337), Chippaux (2006:93), Wallach et al. (2014:311).

Global conservation status (IUCN): Not Evaluated.

Global distribution: The species is known from Lake Victoria west to Senegal, north into the southern Sudan and southwest to northern Angola.

Ocurrences in Angola (Map 348): The species occurs in the northern Angola. Cabinda: “Mouth of the Loango” [-5.15000, 12.16667] ( Boulenger 1894:287). Lunda Norte: “Dundo” [-7.36667, 20.83333] ( Laurent 1964a:102); “Barrage de la Luachimo” [-7.38333, 20.85000] ( Thys van den Audenaerde 1966:34); “Dundo, rivière Luachimo” [-7.38333, 20.85000] ( Laurent 1950a:8). Bengo: “Rio Dande” [-8.46667, 13.38333] ( Bocage 1895a:102). Kwanza Norte: “Cambondo” [-9.15963, 14.65771] ( Ferreira 1906:168).

Taxonomic and distributional notes: Two possible specimens are noted as being the type

(see above). In the BMNH registers both (under their 1946 reregistration numbers) are listed as being a type of C. smythii or G. silurophaga (or Grayia smithii or G. silurophaga ). Grayia silurophaga Günther, 1858 is a junior subjective synonym of G. smythii ( Leach, 1818) .

According to Boulenger (1894), Günther probably inadvertently included the type of Leach’s species in the type series of his own new species. Although Wallach et al. (2014) considered Boulenger’s (1894) comments as constituting a lectotype designation, it seems more probable that only a single specimen was present from the collection made by Cranch.

However, it is impossible to determine this from the description itself. The correct version of the specific epithet of this species has been questioned. Although many authors have used

G. smithii , the description employs Smythii .

Although there is compelling evidence from the original publication (several other new species of animals are named with the MAP 348. Distribution of Grayia smythii in Angola.

patronym Smithii ) that the species was probably named after Professor Christen Smith, who accompanied the expedition (see Laurent 1956), Wallach et al. (2014) are correct that Article 32.5 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature prohibits an emendation under the present circumstances.

Grayia tholloni Mocquard, 1897 THOLLON’S AFRICAN WATER SNAKE

Grayia Tholloni Mocquard 1897b:11 . Syntypes: MNHN [2 specimens] specimen numbers unknown, and Musée de Toulouse [2 specimens], specimen numbers unknown (collector F.–R. Thollon). Type locality: “ Congo français … Brazaville” (Mocquard 1897:11), [= Brazaville], Congo.

Grayia tholloni : Laurent (1954a:44), Loveridge (1957:267), Broadley (1983:22), Broadley et al. (2003:182), Spawls et al. (2004:338), Broadley et al. (2003:182), Chippaux (2006:95), Trapé and Mané (2006:105), Chirio and LeBreton (2007:438), Wallach et al. (2014:311).

Global conservation status (IUCN): Not Evaluated.

Global distribution: The species is known from Senegal through Ethiopia and southern Sudan south through the Great Lakes rigion to western Tanzania, northern Zambia and northeastern Angola.

Ocurrences in Angola (Map 349): The species occurs in the extreme northeast of the country. Lunda Norte: “Muita (Luembe E)” [-7.80000, 21.45000] ( Laurent 1954a:44) .

Taxonomic and distributional notes: The presumed MNHN syntypes are not listed in the Paris Museum online collections database. MAP 349. Distribution of Grayia tholloni in Angola.