Rhinolophus yunanensis Dobson, 1872

Wu, Yi, Harada, Masashi & Motokawa, Masaharu, 2009, Taxonomy of Rhinolophus yunanensis Dobson, 1872 (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) with a description of a new species from Thailand, Acta Chiropterologica 11 (2), pp. 237-246 : 243-245

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.3161/150811009X485486
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/352D87DB-727E-FFD9-FF78-11EA2B6DFA70
treatment provided by	Valdenar
scientific name	Rhinolophus yunanensis Dobson, 1872
status

Treatment

Rhinolophus yunanensis Dobson, 1872 View in CoL

( Figs. 1–2 View FIG View FIG , 5 View FIG )

Rhinolophus yunanensis Dobson, 1872: 336 View in CoL ; Hill, 1986: 15; Corbet and Hill, 1992: 97; Wang, 2003: 34; Csorba et al., 2003: 84; Simmons, 2005: 365; Wilson, 2008: 344.

Rhinolophus pearsoni View in CoL [in partim]; Dobson, 1876: 43; Dobson, 1878 a: 108; Dobson, 1878 b: 95; Anderson, 1881: 109.

Rhinolophus pearsoni pearsoni View in CoL [in partim]; Allen, 1938: 181; Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951: 122.

Type Specimens

Hotha, Yunnan, China. Collected by J. Anderson. Elevation, approximately 4,500 feet (= 1371.6 m; Dobson, 1872, 1878 b; Anderson, 1881). Type specimens consist of two male specimens and one female specimen ( Dobson, 1876, 1878 b). Hill (1986) reported a male syntype deposited in the British Museum (Natural History) as BMNH 9.4.4.3, and he discussed the cotypes of R. yunanensis . Turni and Kock (2008) reported that the other extracted skull of an adult male syntype is deposited in the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin as ZMB 4368.

Amended Diagnosis

A medium-sized species of the pearsoni group of the genus Rhinolophus . Horseshoe is wide, without small leaves below. The baculum is relatively short, with a basal cone about one-half of its length. The second lower premolar ( PM 3) is present with a distinct cusp, but is small and almost inside the tooth row.

Description of the Species

A medium-sized species ( FA 55.49–59.25 mm) of the pearsoni group, with comparatively large ears measuring 19.92–23.07 mm ( Table 1 View TABLE ). Noseleaves are large ( Fig. 5 View FIG ), thick and fleshy-looking, with a low, arc-shaped connecting process from the top of a high pandurate sella. Horseshoe is wide, about 10.56 mm, with no small leaves below. Fur is woolly, glossy, and dense; the dorsal color in adult specimens is light grayish-brown or dark gray; the fur is lighter and paler below.

The skull ( Fig. 1 View FIG ) is large ( CCL 21.21–22.74 mm); the upper teeth are larger in the ventral view; the second lower premolar ( PM 3) is present with a distinct cusp between PM 2 and PM 4 ( Fig. 1 View FIG ), but is small and almost inside the tooth row. The baculum ( Fig. 2 View FIG ) is relatively small and extremely specialized. The basal cone is very strong with a width about one-half of its length. Shafts are roughly cylindrical, with a basal cone width nine times the shaft width in ventral view. The total length of the baculum is 3.49 mm. The width of the shaft is 0.15 × 0.45 mm. The width of the basal cone is 1.23 × 1.39 mm. The dorsoproximal margin is weakly emarginated. Ventral incision is located at the base of the trapeziform, lacking a distal portion. The tip is thinner and nearly rounded off in the dorsal and ventral view but flat in outline in the lateral view.

Karyotype

Conventional, G-banded, and C-banded karyotypes of R. yunanensis based on specimens collect- ed from Emei-shan, Sichuan Province are shown in Fig. 6 View FIG . The conventional karyotype is not different from that reported by Wu et al. (2006). The chromosome number was 2 n = 46 and FN = 60. There were seven large metacentric or submetacentric pairs, one pair of medium-sized subtelocentrics, and 14 pairs of medium to small acrocentrics in the autosomes, with a subtelocentric X and a small, submetacentric Y chromosome. One autosomal pair of acrocentric chromosomes (no. 12) had secondary constrictions adjacent to the centromere.

The karyotype of R. yunanensis (2 n = 46, FN = 60: Wu et al., 2006 — Fig. 6 View FIG ) from Sichuan differed from the karyotype of R. thailandensis (2 n = 60, FN = 64: Harada et al., 1985 — Fig. 3 View FIG ), as discussed

above, and ‘ R. yunanensis ’ (2 n = 44, FN = 60) from Anlong, Guizhou Province, China ( Gu, 2006). The karyotype differences between samples from Sichu- an and Guizhou are significant, as seen in the numbers of large metacentric pairs and acrocentrics pairs: 7 and 14 pairs in the former and 8 and 12 pairs in the latter, respectively. The karyotype of 2 n = 44 and FN = 60 is similar to the reported karyotype for R. pearsoni from the same locality of Anlong, Guizhou Province (2 n = 44, FN = 62: Mao et al., 2007) and from Anhui Province (2 n = 42, FN = 64: Zhang, 1985). Although we have not re-examined the voucher specimens from Guizhou Province, those samples with 2 n = 44 and FN = 60 karyotype may represent R. pearsoni , and not R. yunanensis .

Habitat

All specimens from Emei-shan, Sichuan Province, China were caught during the day from Jiulaodong Cave. They were sleeping deeply at approximately 3 m height in the cave when caught and made no attempt to fly. On 20 September 2004, R. yunanensis was found sympatrically with R. sinicus , R. macrotis , and Myotis altarium .

Comparisons

The baculum of R. yunanensis from Sichuan differs from those of R. thailandensis , as mentioned above, and R. pearsoni . The basal cone in front is big and shorter in width-to-height in R. yunanensis , whereas it forms an equilateral triangle in R. pearsoni — compared with the report by Topál (1975).

Distribution

Rhinolophus yunanensis is distributed in the provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan, China. As discussed above, a report from Guizhou ( Gu, 2006) may be a misidentification of R. pearsoni and should be confirmed by future surveys.