Triraphis divergens Jasso-Martínez, Zaldívar-Riverón & Martínez, 2024

Jasso-Martínez, Jovana M., Martínez, Juan José, Aguilar-Velasco, Reina Gabriela & Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro, 2024, Four new species of Triraphis Ruthe, 1855 (Braconidae, Rogadinae) from a Mexican tropical dry forest and morphological descriptions of T. bradzlotnicki Sharkey, 2021 and T. davidwahli Sharkey, 2021, European Journal of Taxonomy 917, pp. 50-73 : 59-62

Triraphis divergens Jasso-Martínez, Zaldívar-Riverón & Martínez , sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:459F450A-BF5F-42D5-9724-ACBAF8CC14E4

Fig. 3

Diagnosis

Tiraphis divergens sp. nov. can be distinguished morphologically by the presence of a median longitudinal carinae running along the upper half of face ( Fig. 3B ), and divergent carinae on its third and fourth metasomal tergites ( Fig. 3F ) (longitudinal in the other species). This new species runs to T. fusciceps following Valerio & Shaw’s (2015) key; however, it can be easily distinguished from the latter species by its dorsal brown marks of the mesosoma and metasoma (absent in T. fusciceps ). Triraphis divergens sp. nov. is also similar to T. bradzlotnicki and T. luzabrilae sp. nov., although it can be distinguished from them by its divergent carinae on the third and fourth metasomal tergites (parallel in both T. bradzlotnicki and T. luzabrilae sp. nov.).

Etymology

The name of this new species refers to the diverging carinae on its third and fourth metasomal tergites.

Material examined

Holotype

MEXICO • ♀; Jalisco, Chamela Biological Station UNAM , Camino Chachalaca 400 m, Cham 113; 19.4559° N, 105.04202° W; 113 m a.s.l.; 19 Nov. 2011; E. Martínez and O. Pérez leg.; Malaise trap; DNA voucher no. CNIN1153 ; GenBank accession no. OQ868182 ; CNIN-IBUNAM.

Paratypes

MEXICO • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; DNA voucher no. CNIN1178 , GenBank accession no. OQ868183 ; CNIN-IBUNAM • 2 ♀♀; Jalisco, Guadalajara, La Huerta Municipality, Chamela Biological Station UNAM , 80 m; 19°48′58″ N, 105°04′2″ W; 9 Aug. 2013; Abel Verduzco leg.; Malaise trap; DNA voucher nos GMMCM161-15 (BOLDSYSTEMS code BIOUG19231-D03 ) and GMMAA034-15 (BOLDSYSTEMS code BIOUG20632-B08 ); CNIN-IBUNAM • 1 ♀; Jalisco, Guadalajara, La Huerta Municipality, Chamela Biological Station UNAM , 80 m; 19°40′58″ N, 104°04′2″ W; 6 Jan. 2014; Abel Verduzco leg.; Malaise trap; DNA voucher no. GMMAE098-15 (BOLDSYSTEMS code BIOUG26044-D10 ); CNIN-IBUNAM .

Description

Female (holotype)

MEASUREMENTS. Body length 5.5 mm; fore wing length 4.4 mm; ovipositor 1.2 mm.

COLOR. Head light brown; eyes silverish brown; ocelli with a fine whitish yellow line around edges, ocellar triangle dark brown to black; mandibles pale yellow, teeth brown; scape and pedicel brownish yellow; basal flagellomeres brown, turning slightly lighter apically; median and lateral mesoscutal lobes and scutellum pale yellow; lateral mesoscutal lobes brown to dark brown along edges; metanotum and propodeum brown to dark brown; mesopleuron, metapleuron and legs pale yellow, apical two tarsi honey yellow. Fore and hind wings hyaline; pterostigma honey yellow; stigma dark brown medially, honey yellow laterally; veins yellow to brown. Metasomal tergites dark brown to brown medially, pale yellow laterally. Ovipositor honey yellow; ovipositor sheaths pale yellow basally, turning honey yellow apically.

HEAD. Head 1.6 times wider than its median length (dorsal view); distance between basal edges of tentorial pits and the basal area of toruli almost as long as width of face; width of oral opening 1.6 times height of oral opening. Vertex, temple, and gena smooth-colliculate; frons smooth, transversally striated near toruli laterally, face with irregular to transverse weak rugae near toruli, colliculate near clypeus and lower orbits, with a median longitudinal carina running along the upper half; with sparsely long setae; clypeus nearly smooth; malar suture present. Antennae with 45 flagellomeres; first flagellomere 2.4 times longer than wide, almost as long as second flagellomere; eye 1.6 times higher than broad; malar space 0.2 times height of eye; face width 0.8 times height of eye, and about the same height of face and clypeus combined; occipital carina complete; median ocellus as big as lateral ocelli; ocellus-eye distance almost as long as width of lateral ocelli.

MESOSOMA. Length of mesosoma 2.0 times its maximum width (dorsal view), 1.4 times its maximum height (lateral view); pronotal groove apically wide, slightly coriaceous, scrobiculate medially; propleuron coriaceous; median and lateral mesoscutal lobes mostly smooth; notauli scrobiculate, distinct, not meeting, finishing just before the end of mesoscutum; medial pit present, poorly defined on its basal edge; mesopleuron slightly coriaceous, dorso-laterally costate; smooth-slightly coriaceous; precoxal sulcus wide, deep, scrobiculate, running along two thirds of mesoscutum; mesepimeron smooth-colliculate; metapleuron mostly coriaceous, with rugose-aerolate areas anteriorly, with a distinct, posterior tubercle; propodeum coriaceous basally, apical half strongly rugose-coriaeous; median carina ¼ of propodeum length, triangular areola distinct, poorly delimited laterally.

LEGS. Hind coxa 1.6 times longer than wide. Length of hind femur 4.6 times its maximum width. Hind basitarsus 0.5 times longer than hind tibia. Length of hind basitarsus 0.7 times combined length of second to fifth tarsal segments. Second, third, fourth and fifth tarsal segments 0.5, 0.35, 0.3 and 0.33 times as long as basitarsus. Tarsal claws with a basal, pointed lobe, followed by sharp spines.

WINGS. Fore wing length about 3.0 times its maximum width; pterostigma 4.1 times longer than wide; vein lCUb almost as long as vein RS+Ma; vein 3Rsa 0.65 times vein 3RSb, 4.0 times vein r; angle at union of veins 2RS and 2M spectral, wide. Hind wing length 4.5 times its maximum width; vein M+CU 0.8 times vein 1M and 1.5 times vein r-m; vein 1A 1.2 times vein cu-a.

METASOMA. 1.2 times longer than head and mesosoma combined. First tergite almost as long as its maximum width; maximum width 2.4 times its basal width; longitudinally costate with coriaceous sculpture between carinae, with a longitudinal median carina running along its entire length. Length of second tergite 0.70 times its maximum width, 1.7 times length of third tergite; second metasomal tergite longitudinally costate with coriaceous sculpture between carinae; third and fourth tergites costulate with coriaceous sculpture between carinae, which are divergent; remaining tergites finely coriaceous. Ovipositor about 0.4 times as long as metasoma.

Variation in females

Body length 4.5–5.6 mm; fore wing length 3.9–4.5 mm; ovipositor 0.8–1.2 mm. Specimen with complete antennae, 45 flagellomeres.

Males

Unknown.

Distribution

Only known for the CBS in the state of Jalisco, Mexico.

Biology

Unknown.

Comments

Three specimens of Triraphis in the BOLDSYSTEMS database from Chamela, Mexico (GMMAA034-15, GMMCM161-15 and GMMAE098-15) apparently belong to T. divergens sp. nov. since they had a COI distance of 0.0–0.20% with the specimens of this same species for which we generated COI data (Supp. file 5, Supp. file 6: Subset 2).

Figures

Fig. 3. Triraphis divergens Jasso-Martínez, Zaldívar-Riverón & Martínez sp. nov., ♀, holotype (CNIN- IBUNAM). A. Lateral habitus. B. Head, frontal view. C. Head, mesosoma and first metasomal tergite, lateral view. D. Head, mesosoma and first metasomal tergite, dorsal view. E. Wings. F. Metasoma, dorsal view.