PHENACOCCINAE Šulc, 1944: 152

Hodgson, Chris, 2012, Comparison of the morphology of the adult males of the rhizoecine, phenacoccine and pseudococcine mealybugs (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea), with the recognition of the family Rhizoecidae Williams 3291, Zootaxa 3291 (1), pp. 1-79 : 62

Subfamily PHENACOCCINAE Šulc, 1944: 152 .

Introduction. This subfamily is considered to be sister to the Pseudococcinae ( Downie & Gullan, 2004; Hardy et al., 2008). Few adult males have been described in detail but that of Phenacoccus solenopsis (described in Hodgson et al. (2008)) is fairly typical ( Fig. 23 ; see also Ceroputo pilosellae Šulc and Centrococcus insolatus (Green) (= Coccidohystrix insolita (Green) in Afifi, (1968), Phenacoccus dearnsii King in Miller and Appleby (1971), and Heterococcus raui Miller in Miller (1975)). Males in this subfamily are basically similar to those of the Pseudococcinae but differ in having: (i) preocular ridge long and distinct ventrally; (ii) two pairs of glandular pouches (but only one pair on Rastrococcus ); (iii) latereopleurite broad; (iv) penial sheath with a distinct constriction between anterior and posterior halves; (v) penial sheath without a distinct ventral slit extending to basal rod; (vi) membranous area on scutum absent (true of many Pseudococcinae as well), and (vii) two or more tibial spurs per leg (also true of many pseudococcines). Some of these character states are similar to those found on adult males of Rhizoecidae (which has been associated with Phenacoccinae by some authors, e.g. Hardy et al., 2008).

Figures

FIGURE 23. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley. Adult male. Where A = loculate pore of glandular pouch; C = loculate pores; D = simple pore; J = dorsal view of posterior end of abdomen; K = claw, and L = vemtral view of penial sheath. For other labels, see under Materials and methods: conventions. (Modified after Hodgson et al., 2008).