Lepidonotus sublevis Verrill, 1873

De Assis, Jose Eriberto, de Brito, Rafael Justino, Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey & de Souza, Jose Roberto Botelho, 2015, A catalogue of the scaleworm genus Lepidonotus (Polynoidae, Polychaeta) from South America, with two new records for Brazilian waters, ZooKeys 533, pp. 63-98 : 72-73

15. Lepidonotus sublevis Verrill, 1873

Lepidonotus sublevis - Verrill 1973.- Verrill and Smith 1874: 581, pl. 10: fig. 42 (Savin Rock, near New Haven, and Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts); Verrill 1882: 300, pl. 4: fig. 2; pl. 6: fig. 3 (New England).- Dorner 1877: 66 (Massachusetts).- Wood 1885: 532 (New England).- Heilprin 1888 [1906]: 6, pl. 8: fig. 8 (New Jersey).- Andrews 1891: 278 (North Carolina).- Drowne 1896: 74 (Massachusetts).- Summer et al. 1913: 618 (Massachusetts).- Pratt 1923: 285.- Hartman 1942: 22-23, figs 7-12, 1944; 1945: 10 (North Carolina); 1951: 17-18 (Gulf of Mexico), 1954: 413 (Gulf of Mexico).- Ferguson and Jones 1949 (Virginia).- Behre 1950: 11 (Louisiana).- Hedgpeth 1950: 75 (Texas; on lower surface of Renilla muelleri [as Renilla muelleri ]).- Pratt 1951: 328.- Wells 1961: 247 (North Carolina).- Pettibone 1963: 18-19, fig. 3e (Massachusetts to Florida, in gastropod shells with Pagurus pollicaris ).- Wells and Gray 1964 (North Carolina).- Smith 1964: 76 (Massachusetts).- Yentsch et al. 1966: 117 (Massachusetts).- Calder and Brehmer 1967 (Virginia).- Conner et al. 1972: 1503.- Boesch 1973: 230 (Virginia).- Day 1973: 6 (Beaufort, North Carolina, 0-100 m).- Fotheringham 1976: 574 (Texas; comensal with Clibanarius vittatus and Pagurus pollicaris ).- Gardiner 1976: 86, fig. 1f-g (North Carolina; associated with Clibanarius vittatus , Pagurus impressus , Pagurus longicarpus , and Pagurus pollicaris ).- Kinner and Maurer 1978: 217 (Delaware Bay).- Dueñas 1981 (Caribbean Colombia), 1999 (Caribbean Colombia).- Stainken 1984: 100 (New York).- Weston 1984: 27 (Gulf of Mexico).- Ismail 1985: 384 (New Jersey).- Ibarzabal 1986: 2 (Cuba, 2 m); 1989b: 2-3, figs. 1a-f (Cuba).- Steimle and Caracciolo-Ward 1989: 148 (New York).- Dauer 1991 (comensal of Clibanarius vittatus , Pagurus annulipes , Pagurus longicarpus , and Pagurus pollicaris ).- Bastida-Zavala 1995: 14 (Pacific Mexico).- Pollock 1998: 197 (northeast North America).- Posey et al. 1998: 151 (Gulf of Mexico).- Sagasti et al. 2000: 481 (Chesapeake Bay).- McDermott 2001: 624 (New Jersey; obligate symbiont of Pagurus longicarpus ).- Baéz and Ardilla 2003: 102 (Caribbean Colombia, to 10 m).- Williams 2003: 17 (commensal of Pagurus longicarpus ).- Williams and McDermott 2004: 28.- Struck et al. 2008: 631.- Fauchald et al. 2009: 768 (Gulf of Mexico).- Gobin 2010: 151 (Trinidad and Tobago).- Struck and Halanych 2010: 271.- Piquet et al. 2011: 417 (Antarctica).- Golombek et al. 2013: 315.

Lepidonotus sublaevis .- Seidler 1924: 41.- Gambi et al. 1997: 1055.

Lepidonotus pallidus Treadwell, 1939a: 3, figs 10-12 (Texas).

Lepidonotus squamatus .- Warren 1942: 45 (Louisiana).-Cowles 1930: 341.

[not Lepidonotus squamatus (Linnaeus, 1758); [= Lepidonopsis humilis ( Augener 1922)].

Holotype.

PMNH 3-5.

Type locality.

New England (Northeastern USA).

Distribution.

Western Atlantic from Massachusetts to Colombia, with one record for Antarctica. Eastern Pacific from Mexico. From 2 to10 m.

Biology.

This species is commensal with the hermit crabs Clibanarius vittatus (Bosc, 1802), Pagurus annulipes (Stimpson, 1860), Pagurus impressus (Benedict, 1892) Pagurus longicarpus Say, 1818, and Pagurus pollicaris Say, 1818. It was found on the lower surface of the sea pansy, Renilla muelleri Kölliker, 1872 ( Martin and Britayev 1998).