Stenoterommata bodoquena Ghirotto & Indicatti, 2021

Ghirotto, Victor Morais, Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite & Indicatti, Rafael Prezzi, 2021, The genus Stenoterommata Holmberg, 1881 (Araneae, Pycnothelidae) in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest from Southeastern and Central Brazil: description of four new species, Zoosystema 43 (17), pp. 311-339 : 324-327

Stenoterommata bodoquena Ghirotto & Indicatti , n. sp.

( Figs 1D, E ; 10-12 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:041B0EC6-EED9-41B7-9F63-E7328D0068F7

TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Brazil • 1 ♂; Mato Grosso do Sul, Bonito, Parque Nacional da Serra da Bodoquena, Três Morros , Fazenda Marambaia trail; 20°58’13.4”S, 56°43’03.3”W; 05.VIII.2019; V. M. Ghirotto, R. F. Ferreira, J. F. J. Mendes & M. J. A. Morales leg.; under fallen log; CAD 774 .

Paratype. Brazil • 1 ♂; Mato Grosso do Sul, Bonito, near Jaraguá cave ; 21°05’26.9”S, 56°34’30.6”W; 03.VIII.2019; V. M. Ghirotto, R. F. Ferreira, J. F. J. Mendes & M. J. A. Morales leg.; under fallen log; CAD 775 .

DIAGNOSIS. — Males of S. bodoquena Ghirotto & Indicatti , n. sp. resemble those of S. pavesii , S. gugai , S. peri Indicatti, Chavari, Zucatelli-Júnior, Lucas & Brescovit, 2017 and S. egric Ghirotto & Indicatti , n. sp. by the elongated and thicker embolus ( Fig. 11 A-D, J), but can be distinguished by palpal duct with basal and middle region strongly curved ( Fig. 11 B-D) and embolus with dorsoventrally compressed keel at the tip ( Fig. 11 A-D, J). Additionally, it can be distinguished by having 6 spines (p1-2-2-1) on prolateral region of patellae III.

ETYMOLOGY. — The specific name is a noun in apposition from the type locality, Parque Nacional da Serra da Bodoquena, in the Bodoquena mountain range, in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

DESCRIPTION

Male (holotype)

Color pattern: in life, chelicerae, carapace black, legs dark brown, all covered with golden and brown setae (similar to paratype, Fig. 1D ). Abdomen dorsally brown with many black stains not forming a chevron, covered with black setae; in ethanol, chelicerae, carapace and legs reddish brown covered with golden setae ( Fig. 10A ). Sternum, maxillae and coxae reddish light brown ( Fig. 10B ). Abdomen dorsally yellowish light brown with many dark brown stains not forming a chevron, covered with golden and black setae ( Fig. 10C ), and ventrally yellowish light brown with few posterior black stains ( Fig. 10D ). Total length 15.99. Chelicerae 2.20 long, 1.27 wide (only left side). Carapace 6.94 long, 5.33 wide, with narrow, procurved fovea, 0.75 wide. Abdomen 6.45 long, 4.41 wide. Thoracic region slightly raised. Clypeus narrow, 0.11 long. Eye tubercle 0.82 long, 1.01 wide, slightly elevated. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior recurved ( Fig. 10A ). Eye sizes: AME 0.33, ALE 0.36, PME 0.24, PLE 0.26. Chelicerae with 8 teeth in prolateral row ( Fig. 11H ), with c. 25 basal smaller teeth, rastellum weak formed by long thin setae ( Figs 10B ; 11H ). Intercheliceral tumescence medium, with few setae on basal region ( Fig. 11H ). Labium 0.60 long, 1.16 wide, without cuspules ( Fig. 10B ). Maxillae with 105/110 blunt and clavate cuspules on internal basal angle ( Fig. 10B ), becoming thin and elongated at inner margin edge. Serrula developed ( Fig. 11I ). Sternum oval, 3.46 long, 2.86 wide. Labial sigilla distant from margin by c. 0.1 × its length, same size as anterior sternal sigilla. Sternal sigilla ( Fig. 10B ): anterior slightly smaller than medium, posterior the largest; anterior and medium distant from margin by c. 0.5 × length, posterior by c. 1 × length. Measurements: palp: femur 2.95/ patella 1.43/ tibia 1.67/ cymbium 0.84/ total 6.89; legs: I: femur 5.01/ patella 3.41/ tibia 3.84/ metatarsus 3.63/ tarsus 2.51/ total 18.40; II: 4.73/ 2.95/ 2.96/ 3.57/ 2.36/ 16.57; III: 4.59/ 2.46/ 2.73/ 4.23/ 2.32/ 16.33; IV: 6.16/ 2.95/ 4.37/ 6.12/ 2.73/ 22.33. Spination: palp: femur: d0-0-0-0-2, tibia: p1ap, r1ap; legs: femora: I: d0-0-0-2-2; II: d0-1p-1p-1p; III: d0-0-2-2-2; IV: d1-1p-2-2; patellae: II: p0-0-1s-1s; III: p1-2-2-1, r0-1-0; IV: r0-1-0; tibiae: I: v2r-2-1ap + 1r megaspine ( Fig. 11G ), p0-1-1-0; II: v1p-2r-0-1-0-2ap, p0-1-1-0; III: d0-0-1-0, v3-3-3ap, p0-1- 1-0, r0-1-1-0; IV: v3-3-3ap, p0-1-1-0, r1-1-1; metatarsi: I: v0-1-0-0-1ap, p0-1-0-1; II: d0-0-1p-0-0, v0-1r-1r-0-0-3ap, p1-1-0-0-1, r0-0-1-0; III: d1r-1-1-0-2ap, v0-2-2-2, p1-1-1, r1-1-0-1; IV: d1r-1-1-0-1rap, v0-2-1p-1r-3ap, p1-1-1-1, r1-0-1-0-1. Metatarsal preening combs: III: 5VR, 6VP; IV: 5VR, 4VP. Combs of leg IV are formed by thicker setae. Tarsi I-IV flexible ( Fig. 11G , tarsus I). Scopulae on tarsi I-IV light and symmetric; I, II divided by 2 rows of thicker setae; III divided by 3-4 rows; IV divided by 4-5 rows. Scopulae on 1/8 of metatarsi I, II; divided by 4-5 sparse rows of thicker setae; III, IV absent. STC large with double row of teeth: I: 8, 5, 5, 8; II: 8, 6, 6, 7; III: 7, 5, 5, 7; IV: 8, 5, 5, 8. ITC on tarsus IV.Tricobothria with rounded, elevated bases. Around 32 epiandric spigots. Four spinnerets ( Fig. 10D ): PMS 0.77 long, with pumpkiniform spigots on apical half. PLS: basal segment 1.41, median 1.02, apical triangular, 0.66 long, with band of pumpkiniform spigots on inner edge of all segments. Palp ( Fig. 11 E-F): cymbium with elongate dense setae, denser at tip ( Fig. 11E, F ); tibia with shallow ventral excavation on apical third ( Fig. 11E, F ); tibial excavation and basal region of tegulum ( Fig. 11 A-D) with grooves; bulb piriform, ventrally curved, embolus with c. 15 parallel keels mainly located retrodorsally ( Fig. 11 A-D, J).

VARIATION. — Males (n = 2): total length 13.00-15.99; carapace 6.44-6.94 long; maxillae with 82-110 cuspules.

DISTRIBUTION. — Known only from Bonito, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Central Brazil.

HABITAT. — Individuals were found in two nearby although distinct forest areas, 20 km apart. The Parque Nacional da Serra da Bodoquena consists of a relictual Atlantic Forest patch (semidecidual forest), surrounded and heavily influenced by the Cerrado. The area near Jaraguá cave is a fragment of deciduous Cerrado forest (seasonal forest), with low canopy and dryer conditions ( Fig. 12 A-C).

NATURAL HISTORY

Only two males and two juveniles were found by active search. The juveniles were found inside fallen rotting logs ( Fig. 12 D, E ), which were already soft and loose, where they supposedly constructed burrows (as they were visible after splitting the log, no such burrows could be seen). Both adult males were found underneath fallen logs. In the areas they were found, no burrows were visible in the soil.

Figures

FIG. 1. — Habitus of the Stenoterommata Holmberg,1881 new species: A-C, Stenoterommata neodiplornata Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp., male holotype (A), female paratype, CAD 764 (B), subadult male (C); D, E, Stenoterommata bodoquena Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp., male paratype, CAD 775 (D); juvenile male (E); F, Stenoterommata chavarii Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp., male paratype, CAD 777; G, H, Stenoterommata egric Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp., specimens, male holotype (G); female paratype, CAD 781 (H). Scale bars: 5 mm. Photos: A, B, Rafael P. Indicatti; C, E, G, H, Wolf J Moeller; D, F, Victor M. Ghirotto.

FIG. 10. — Stenoterommata bodoquena Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp., male holotype, body: A, carapace, dorsal view; B, cephalothorax, ventral view; C, D, abdomen, dorsal view (C), ventral view (D). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIG. 11. — Stenoterommata bodoquena Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp., male: A-G, J, male holotype; H, I, paratype, CAD 775; A-D, left palpal bulb, ventral view (A), prolateral view (B), retrolateral view (C), dorsal view (D); E, F, left palp, prolateral view (E), retrolateral view (F); G, left leg I, retrolateral view; H, left chelicera, pro- lateral view; I, serrula on maxilla, frontal view; J, left bulb embolus, detail on dorsal view. Scale bars: A-H, 0.5 mm; I, J, 0.1 mm.

FIG. 12. — Collecting site of Stenoterommata bodoquena Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp. paratype: A, pasture with Cerrado (seasonal forest) in the background; B, C, Cerrado (seasonal forest); D, E, juvenile collected within a fallen log, all near Jaraguá cave, Bonito, in state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Scale bars: D, 50 mm, E, 10 mm. Photos: Victor M. Ghirotto.