Viljandiomycota Tedersoo, 2025

Tedersoo, Leho, Hosseyni Moghadam, Mahdieh S., Panksep, Kristel, Prins, Victoria, Anslan, Sten, Mikryukov, Vladimir, Bahram, Mohammad, Abarenkov, Kessy, Kõljalg, Urmas, Esmaeilzadeh-Salestani, Keyvan, Pawłowska, Julia, Wurzbacher, Christian, Ding, Yi, Alkahtani, Saad Hussin & Nilsson, R. Henrik, 2025, Thirty novel fungal lineages: formal description based on environmental samples and DNA, MycoKeys 124, pp. 1-121 : 1-121

Viljandiomycota Tedersoo phyl. nov.

Type class.

Viljandiomycetes Tedersoo.

Diagnosis.

Distinguishable from other fungi based on diagnostic nucleotide signatures in LSU D 2 (positions 464–478 in type species and 490–504 in S. cerevisiae ctggccaacatcagt; one mismatch allowed). Forms a monophyletic, least inclusive clade in fungi, covering sequences EUK 1699905 , EUK 1104555 , EUK 1124343 , EUK 1124346 , EUK 1104962 , EUK 1124344 , EUK 1202387 , EUK 1100361 , EUK 1201679 , EUK 1105441 , EUK 1124341 , and EUK 1124345 (Fig. 1 ).

Notes.

Recognized based on eDNA sequences only. Encoded as clade GS 40 in EUKARYOME v 1.9. Currently harbors Viljandiomycetes (class. nov.). Comprises 60–90 potential species. Detected in soil (98.2 % out of 265 records), freshwater (0.7 %), sediments (0.4 %), and plant roots (0.4 %) in high arctic to wet tropical biomes across all continents, including Antarctica.

Figures

Figure 1. Maximum Likelihood SSU- 5.8 S-LSU phylogram indicating placement of novel lineages in the fungal kingdom as highlighted in a coloured shade and red font. Previously described taxonomic clades are collapsed. All branches of Sumavosporidiomycetes and Gelotisporidiomycetes are shortened two-fold. Poorly supported branches with bootstrap values below 95 % / 99 % are indicated in blue. The original tree with bootstrap values and uncollapsed branches is indicated in Suppl. material 1.