Bolbelasmus howdeni Hillert & Král, 2016

Hillert, Oliver, Arnone, Marcello, Král, David & Massa, Bruno, 2016, The genusBolbelasmus in the western and southern regions of the Mediterranean Basin (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Bolboceratinae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 56 (1), pp. 211-254 : 230-232

Bolbelasmus howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov.

( Figs 4 , 11 , 17 , 24 , 30 , 36, 42 , 59, 63)

Bolbelasmus gallicus [partim, populations from SE Spain (approximately Andalusia)]: BAGUENA CORELLA (1967): 262 (monograph); KRIKKEN (1977): 284 (revision); BARAUD (1977): 159 (monograph); BARAUD (1992): 45 (monograph); MARTÍN- PIERA & LÓPEZ- COLÓN (2000): 180 (monograph); KRÁL et al. (2006): 82 (catalogue).

Type locality. Spain, Andalusia, Castillo de Castillar, Algeciras env., 10 km N of San Roque, 36°12′N 05°23′W, 78 m a.s.l.

Type material (271 specimens). SPAIN: ANDALUSIA AUTONOM. COMM.: CÁDIZ PROV.: HOLOTYPE: ♂ ( DKPC), ‘ Spain, Andalusia, Castillo de Castillar , Algeciras env., 10 km N of San Roque , 27.ii.2011, O. Hillert lgt.’ ALLOTYPE: ♀ ( DKCP), same data. PARATYPES: ‘ Spain, 22.- 28.2.2015, San Roque , Almoraima , N36°17’24.94” W5°23’40.77”, 136 m, lgt. P. Kylies’, 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀ ( DKCP), 22 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀ ( PKCS); same data but lgt. I. Martinů, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( DKCP), 9 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ ( IMCO); same data but lgt. R. Muczka, 3 ♂♂ ( RMCM); ‘ Spain, Andalusia, Alcala de los Gazules, E of Cadiz, 01.-11.iii.2014, Hillert lgt.’, 4 ♀♀ ( OHCB); ‘ Spain, Andalusia, E of Alcala, Sierra del Aljibe, E of Cadiz, 01.-11.iii.2014, Hillert lgt.’, 1♂ 1♀ ( OHCB); ‘ España, Arcos de la Fontera, Cadiz, ex coll.A. Drumont, 9.xii.1989 ’, 1 ♀ ( GMCL); ‘Spain, Arcos de la Frontera, Cádiz – B. Jordan leg., 9.xii.1989 ’, 1 ♂ ( JNCS); ‘Spain, Andalusia, Castillo de Castillar, Algeciras env., 10 km N of San Roque, 13.–20.i.2015, Hillert lgt.’, 4 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( OHCB); ‘Spain, Andalusia, Castillo de Castillar, Algeciras env., 10 km N of San Roque, 01.-11.iii.2014, Hillert lgt.’, 3 ♂♂ ( OHCB); ‘Spain, Andalusia, Castillo de Castillar,Algeciras env., 10 km N of San Roque, 20.–27.ii.2012, O. Hillert lgt.’, 1 ♂ ( OHCB); ‘Spain, Andalusia, Castillo de Castillar, Algeciras env., 10 km N of San Roque, 27.ii.2011, O. Hillert lgt.’, 5 ♂♂ ( OHCB); ‘ Spain, Cádiz distr., CASTILLO DE CASTILLAR vill.env., 36°18.186 N 05°25.401 E, 27.ii.2009, David Král lgt.’, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ ( DKCP); ‘Spain, Andalusia, Castillo de Castillar, Algeciras env., 10 km N of San Roque, 26.ii.2009, O. Hillert lgt.’, 1 ♀ ( GNCA), 1 ♂ ( HHCO), 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ ( OHCB); ‘Spain - Cadiz, 13.1.2009, San Roque - Castillar env., lgt. P. Kylies’, 1 ♂ ( PKCS); ‘Spain, Andalusia, Castillo de Castillar, Algeciras env., 10 km N of San Roque, 02.iii.2008, O. Hillert lgt.’, 4 ♂♂ ( OHCB); ‘ESPANA Cadiz, Perros del Rey. S. Roque, 21.i.[19]87, M. SALER’, 6 ♂♂ ( SZCM); ‘ 1.3.2014, N Castellar de la Frontera, Andalusia, Spain’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( DKCP), 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀ ( ZLCK); ‘Chiclana, 6.iii.[18]90, Korb [lgt.]’, 1 ♀ ( ZSMC); ‘Chiclana, [18]83, Korb [lgt.]’ 1 ♂ ( ZSMC); ‘Spain, 22.- 28.2.2015, Facinas env., lgt. P. Kylies’, 1 ♀ ( PKCS); ‘Spain, La Suara, Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz – A. Verdugo leg., 5.v.1988 ’, 2 ♂♂, same data but 18.x.1987, 1 ♂ ( JUCS); ‘ Spain, Andalusia, 10 km NE of Medina, E of Cadiz, 01.-11.iii.2014, O. Hillert lgt.’, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( OHCB); ‘Spain, Pinar del Rey, San Roque, Cadiz, 26-i-2013., J. Navarro leg.’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( AHCL), 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( OBCB), same but ‘ 27-xii-2014, J. Mª Urbano leg.’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( JUCS), same but ‘ 20-xii-2014, J. Mª Urbano & J. Navarro leg.’, 6 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ ( JNCS), 4 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( AHCL), 11 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀ ( JUCS), same but ‘ 10-xi-2014, J. Navarro leg.’, 1 ♂ ( JUCS), same but ‘ 13-iii-2014, J. Navarro leg.’, 1 ♂ ( JUCS), same but ‘ 26-i-2014, J. Mª Urbano leg.’, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( JUCS), same but ‘ 14-XI-2015, J. Navarro & J. Mª Urbano leg.’, 4 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ ( JUCS), 4 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ ( JNCS); ‘Spain, Pinar del Rey, Tajo del Pajarraco, San Roque, Cádiz – J. Navarro leg., 22.xii.2012 ’ 5 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( JNCS), 2.iv.2011, 2 ♂♂ ( JNCS); ‘ Spain, 22.- 28.2.2015, Tarifa , Punta Paloma , N36°04’03.96” W5°42’08.47”, 56 m, lgt. P. Kylies’, 2 ♂♂ ( PKCS); same data but lgt. I. Martinů, 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀ ( IMCO); same data but R. Muczka, 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀ ( RMCM); ‘Spain - Cadiz, 14.- 16.2.2008, San Roque, Almorama, lgt. P. Kylies’, 1 ♂ ( PKCS); ‘E - Cádiz / San Roque / 13.xi.[19]93 Ramirez lg.’, 1 ♂ ( SZCM); ‘Espania, San Roque, Cadiz, 13.xi.1988, Jose Luis Torres lgt.’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( OHCB); ‘Esp., SAN ROQUE, Cádiz, 6.1987, J. Ramírez lgt.’, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ ( RCCP); ‘E, Andalusia, Cadiz, Pinar de San Roque, 2.iii.86, Hendrich/Mendez lgt.’, 2 ♂♂ ( OHCB), 1 ♂ ( VTCZ); ‘E, Andalucia, Cadiz, Pinar d. San Roque, b. San Roque, 2.iii.86, lgt. Hendrich/Mendez’, 4 ♂♂ ( LHCB); ‘SPAIN-Cádiz, S. Roque, 26.i.1984 ’, 1 ♂ ( SZCM); ‘San Roque – Cadiz, España sur, leg. Mendez T., 17.iii.[19]84’, 1 ♂ ( JHCP); ‘Spanien, Andalusien, San Roque, 17.iv.1983, J.L. Torres-Mendez lgt.’, 4 ♂♂ 1 ♀ ( LHCB); ‘San Roque, Cadiz, Spain, 30-I.1983, V. Ortuño lgt.’, 1 ♀ ( VMCP); ‘Spain, Andalusia, NW of Tarifa, Algeciras env., 13-20.i.2015, O. Hillert lgt.’, 6 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( OHCB); ‘Spain, Andalusia, NW of Tarifa, pine forest, Algeciras env., 01.-11.iii.2014, Hillert lgt.’, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♂♂ ( OHCB); ‘Spain, Andalusia, NW of Tarifa, beach sand, Algeciras env., 01.-11.iii.2014, Hillert lgt.’, 5 ♂♂ 10 ♀♀ ( OHCB); ‘Spain, Andalusia, NW of Tarifa,Algeciras env., 13-27.ii.2013, O. Hillert lgt.’, 3 ♂♂ ( OHCB); ‘Spain, Montehumada, Tarifa, Cádiz – J. Navarro leg., 22.xii.2012 ’, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ ( JNCS); ‘Spain, Andalusia, Sanlucar de Barrameda, NW of Jerez, 26.ii.2011, O. Hillert lgt.’, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ ( OHCB); ‘Tarifa (Cadiz), 11.iv.1980, Lopez Colon leg’, 1 ♂ ( JLCM). GRANADA PROV.: ‘Spain, Andalusia, 5 km E of Granada, Sierra de la Yedra, 01.-11.iii.2014, Hillert lgt.’, 1 ♂ ( OHCB); ‘España, La Sagra, Granada, Andalucia, v.1988 ’, 1♂ 1♀ ( GMCL). – JAÉN PROV.: ‘Spain, Las Minas.Arrayanes. Linares, Jaén, ii-1997,A. Hidalgo leg.’, 1♀ ( AHCL); ‘Spain, Miranda del Rey, Jaén, 13-xi-2015, Javier Castillo & Antonio Hidalgo leg.’, 4 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( JCCL), 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( AHCL). ‘ Spain, Reserva las Viboras, Sierra Morena. Montizón, Jaén, 9-iv-1995, A. Hidalgo leg.’, 1 ♂ ( AHCL). MÁLAGA PROV.: ‘Spain, Andalusia, Sierra Palmitera, Puerto de Alijar,W of Mabella, 01.-11.iii.2014, Hillert lgt., 1 ♀ ( OHCB)’. CASTILE- LA MANCHA AUTONOM. COMM.: ALBACETE PROV.: ‘Molinicos, 10.v.[18]95’, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ ( ZFMK). GIBRALTAR: ‘Gibraltar., J. J. Walker [lgt.]’ 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ ( BMHN).

Description. Male (holotype). Distinctly convex, surface black, shiny, pronotum covered with double punctation, elytra glabrous.

Head ( Figs 4 , 17 , 24 , 30 , 36 ). Clypeus broadly rounded, nearly semicircular, anterior angles vague. Posterior angles of clypeal margin not elevated. Frontal horn well developed, long, base conical, not keeled, apex simple, unmodified. Punctation of clypeal disc simple, distinct. Oblique keels above eyes approximately reaching eyes. Punctation of frons and vertex same as on clypeus; fronto-clypeal suture present. Eyes distinctly elliptic and well developed; genae evenly rounded, semicircular.

Pronotum ( Figs 4 , 17 , 24 , 30 ) distinctly transverse; broadest just in basal quarter, entirely bordered; lateral margin evenly rounded, marginal carina not crenate, distinctly widened and elevated; lateral fovea almost missing. Pronotal punctation distinct, double, consisting of well and deeply impressed punctures except for basal part, punctures separated approximately by distance equal to their diameter, intermixed with very fine, pinned punctures. Lateral hornlike apophyses well developed, conical, bent up and sidewards. Apical hornlike apophyses distinct but weakly elevated, obtuse angled, directed 45° frontoapically. Both apical hornlike apophyses joined together in keel-like seam.

Scutellar shield triangular, approximately as long as wide, shiny, densely punctate.

Elytra approximately as long as wide, surface shiny, glabrous; humeral umbone weak; between suture and humerus seven distinct striae along entire elytral length, all striae with confluent punctures; intervals convex.

Parameres as in Fig. 63 .

Variability in males. Surface black to brownish; pronotal hornlike apophyses in medium developed and underdeveloped (hypothelic) specimens short, more or less straight, only simply rounded to almost acute apically.

Female (allotype). Head ( Figs 11 , 42 ). Clypeus broadly rounded, nearly semicircular, anterior angles vague. Posterior angles of clypeal margin not elevated. Frontal carina well developed, not interrupted in middle, doubly s-shaped. Punctation of clypeus, frons, vertex and occiput simple, distinct; oblique keels above eyes distinct, elongated to base of eyes; eye well developed, distinctly elliptic, genae well developed, arcuate anteriorly.

Pronotum ( Fig. 11 ) distinctly transverse, lateral margin weakly widened, broadest just basally, surface distinctly deeply punctate, doubly except for basal part, punctures consisting of well and deeply impressed punctures, separated approximately by distance equal to their diameter, intermixed with very fine, pinned punctures.Anterior transverse protrusion distinct, sharply semicircular, lateral apophyses present.

Elytron surface shiny, glabrous; humeral umbone weak.

Measurements. Total body length 11.3–15.2 mm (holotype, ♂: 14.6 mm; allotype, ♀: 15 mm).

Differential diagnosis. Refer to species key.

Etymology. Patronymic; named in honour of our friend, the late Henry F. Howden (Ottawa, Canada), a renowned specialist in world Scarabaeoidea.

Collection circumctances. Prefers sandy soils.

Distribution. South-eastern parts of Spain and Gibraltar (Fig. 59).

Figures

Figs 1–4. Male habitus in dorsal aspect. 1 – Bolbelasmus bocchus (Erichson, 1841) (Morocco: Azrou, Foret de Cedres, body length: 14.0 mm, NMPC); 2 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 3 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842) (France: Bouches-du-Rhône, Barbentane, body length 13.7 mm, DJCP); 4 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype).

Figs 8–11. Female habitus in dorsal aspect. 8 – Bolbelasmus bocchus (Erichson, 1841) (Morocco: Gaada de Debdou plateau., E of Rchida, 13.5 mm, DKCP); 9 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov. (allotype); 10 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842) (Spain: Andalusia, Aljaraque vill. env., 13.6 mm, JSCP); 11 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov. (allotype).

Figs 14–20. Male habitus in lateral aspect. 14 – Bolbelasmus bocchus (Erichson, 1841) (Morocco: Azrou, Foret de Cedres, body length:14.0 mm, NMPC); 15 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp.nov.(holotype); 16 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842) (France: Bouches-du-Rhône,Barbentane, 13.8 mm, DJCP); 17 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov.(holotype); 18 – B. nikolajevi Hillert, Arnone, Král & Massa sp. nov. (holotype); 19 – B. vaulogeri (Abeille de Perrin, 1898) (Tunisia: Cap Bon peninsula, 6 km W of El Hawariah, body length: 11.8 mm, DKCP); 20 – B. vaulogeri (Italy: Sicily, Menfi (Agrigento), Cinquanta, body length: 11.6 mm, MAPC).

Figs 21–26. Pronotum of male in dorsal aspect.21 – Bolbelasmus bocchus (Erichson, 1841) (Morocco:Azrou, Foret de Cedres, NMPC); 22 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 23 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842) (France: Bouches-du-Rhône, Barbentane, DJCP); 24 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 25 – B. nikolajevi Hillert, Arnone, Král & Massa sp. nov. (holotype); 26 – B. vaulogeri (Abeille de Perrin, 1898) (Tunisia: Cap Bon peninsula, 6 km W of El Hawariah, DKCP).

Figs 27–32.Pronotum of male in frontal aspect. 27 – Bolbelasmus bocchus (Erichson, 1841) (Morocco:Azrou, Foret de Cedres, NMPC); 28 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 29 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842) (France: Bouches-du-Rhône, Barbentane, DJCP); 30 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 31 – B. nikolajevi Hillert, Arnone, Král & Massa sp. nov. (holotype); 32 – B. vaulogeri (Abeille de Perrin, 1898) (Tunisia: Cap Bon peninsula, 6 km W of El Hawariah, DKCP).

Figs 33–44. Head in dorsal aspect, 33–38 –♂♂; 39–44 – ♀♀. 33 – Bolbelasmus bocchus (Erichson, 1841) (Morocco: Azrou, Foret de Cedres, NMPC); 34 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 35 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842) (France: Bouches-du-Rhône, Barbentane, DJCP); 36 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 37 – B. nikolajevi Hillert, Arnone, Král & Massa sp. nov. (holotype); 38 – B. vaulogeri (Abeille de Perrin, 1898) (Tunisia: Cap Bon peninsula, 6 km W of El Hawariah, DKCP); 39 – B. bocchus (Morocco: Gaada de Debdou plateau., E of Rchida, DKCP); 40 – B. brancoi (allotype); 41 – B. gallicus (Spain: Andalusia, Aljaraque vill. env., JSCP); 42 – B. howdeni (allotype); 43 – B. nikolajevi (allotype); 44 – B. vaulogeri (Tunisia: Cap Bon peninsula, 6 km W of El Hawariah, DKCP).

Figs 60–65. Aedeagus of Bolbelasmus species, ventral aspect, schematically. 60 – B. bocchus (Erichson, 1841), 61 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov., 62 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842), 63 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov., 64 – B. nikolajevi Hillert, Arnone, Král & Massa sp. nov., 65 – B. vaulogeri (Abeille de Perrin, 1898).