Reptadeonella cucullata, Almeida, Ana C. S., Souza, Facelucia B. C., Sanner, Joann & Vieira, Leandro M., 2015

Almeida, Ana C. S., Souza, Facelucia B. C., Sanner, Joann & Vieira, Leandro M., 2015, Taxonomy of recent Adeonidae (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) from Brazil, with the description of four new species, Zootaxa 4013 (3), pp. 348-368 : 361

Reptadeonella cucullata n. sp.

( Figs 29–32 ; 41, Table 1 )

Adeona violacea: Marcus 1949: 24 (in part), figs 35–36. [ Brazil: Espírito Santo] Reptadeonella violacea: Vieira et al. 2008: 24 (in part). [checklist]

Not Lepralia violacea Johnston, 1847: 325 , pl. 57, fig. 9. [British Isles]

Reptadeonella sp.: Almeida et al. 2015: 4 (in part) [ Brazil: Bahia; checklist]

Material examined. Holotype: UFBA 637, Caravelas, Bahia, Brazil, 16º24' S, 38º18' W, 80 m, coll. April 1996 by Revizee Central. Paratypes: UFBA 689, Camamu, Barra Grande, Bahia, Brazil, 13º45' S, 38º50' W, 30 m, coll. January 2004; UFBA 431, Banco Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, 20º33' S, 38º03' W, 60 m, coll. April 1996 by Revizee Central; UFBA 990, UFBA 1045, Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil, 12°35'– 13°07' S, 38°29'– 38°48' W, 22–28 m, coll. 2000–2003. Additional specimens: MZUSP 1246–1248, MZUSP 1256, Adeona violacea, E. Marcus det., no locality in label, but presumably from Espírito Santo, Brazil, 35 m [acc. Marcus 1949]; UFBA 909, UFBA 1054, Camamu, Barra Grande, Bahia, Brazil, 13º45' S, 38º50' W, coll. January 2004.

Diagnosis. Reptadeonella with uni- to multilaminar colonies, distal peristomial rim slightly cucullate, orifice transversely elliptical to roundly semicircular; a transverse slit-like areolar pore often visible between peristomial rim and avicularium; suboral avicularium obliquely orientated, with curved rostrum; spiramen small, elliptical, denticulate.

Etymology. Latin cuculla, hood, alluding to the distal peristomial rim.

Description. Colony encrusting, multiserial, uni- to multilaminar. Cuticle orange colored, skeleton white. Zooids hexagonal to polygonal, longer than wide, delimited by thin boundary lines within interzooidal furrows. Frontal shield heavily calcified, minutely granular, punctured by a single to double row of 28–38 marginal areolar pores. Orifice approximately 15% of total length of frontal shield, transversely elliptical to roundly semicircular, the distal rim raised, slightly cucullate, becoming more so with increasing calcification. A transversely narrow areolar pore between the peristomial rim and avicularium visible in many zooids, tending to be obliterated by secondary calcification. Suboral avicularium 0.107–0.226 mm long, obliquely directed, the acute rostral tip just curving around one side of the peristome; a pair of minute condyles placed at one-third length, the curved opesial rim with smooth, narrow, steeply descending cryptocyst. No additional frontal avicularia. Spiramen relatively small, transversely elliptical, denticulate, placed at mid-length of zooid. Gonozooids not recognized.

Remarks. Reptadeonella cucullata n. sp. can be distinguished from all congeners by the combination of multilaminar colonies, autozooids with cucullate peristomial rims, a large suboral avicularium with a curved rostrum and an elliptical denticulate spiramen. Specimens reported as Adeona violacea by Marcus (1949) from Espírito Santo, Brazil, are also characterized by zooids with a double row of frontal areolar pores, long curved avicularia and transversely oval spiramen; accordingly, specimens (MZUSP 1246–1248, 1256) are here reassigned to R. cucullata n. sp.

Reptadeonella cucullata n. sp. resembles R. costulata and Reptadeonella hastingsae Cheetham & Sandberg, 1964 in having hexagonal to polygonal elongate zooids and an obliquely directed suboral avicularium. Reptadeonella cucullata is distinguished from R. costulata by the double row of marginal areolar pores (single in R. costulata ), peristomial calcification (low in R. costulata , cucullate in R. cucullata ), subperistomial areolar pore (small and adjacent to the suboral avicularium in R. costulata , larger and distal to the suboral avicularium in R. cucullata ) and the shape of the avicularian rostrum (straight in R. costulata , curved in R. cucullata ). Differences from R. hastingsae include the multilaminar colonies (unilaminar in R. hastingsae ), double row of marginal areolar pores (single in R. hastingsae ) and transversely elliptical denticulate spiramen (crescentic and non-denticulate in R. hastingsae ).

Distribution. Atlantic: Brazil (Bahia and Espírito Santo); sublittoral.

Figures

FIGURES 29 – 32. Reptadeonella cucullata n. sp.: 29, colony surface; 30, group of autozooids showing avicularia, subcucullate peristomial rims and spiramina (Figs 29, 30, UFBA 637, holotype, Bahia State, Brazil). 31, colony surface; 32, close-up of autozooids showing subcucullate peristomial rims, avicularia and spiramina (Figs 31, 32, UFBA 689, paratype, Bahia State, Brazil). Scale bars: 29, 31 = 500 µm; 30 = 200 µm; 32 = 100 µm.