Acryptolaria corniformis Naumov & Stepanjants, 1962

Peña Cantero, Álvaro L., 2020, Species of Acryptolaria Norman, 1875 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) collected by US Antarctic and sub-Antarctic expeditions, Zootaxa 4767 (2), pp. 277-294 : 281

Acryptolaria corniformis Naumov & Stepanjants, 1962

( Figs 2A , 4A , 5B )

Acryptolaria corniformis Naumov & Stepanjants, 1962: 74 , fig. 2; Stepanjants, 1979: 51, pl. 9, figs 1–3; Peña Cantero et al., 2007: 243–245 , figs 5, 15C, 17D, tab. V.

Acryptolaria cf. corniformis— Peña Cantero & Vervoort, 2010: 280–282 , fig. 5, tab. 6.

Material examined. Eltanin: 27/1951, two fragments up to 18 mm long (mounted on a microslide).

Description. Hydrothecae alternate, more or less in one plane, in a distinct zigzag pattern. Hydrotheca tubular, free part roughly cylindrical, although diameter might slightly decrease from aperture in some hydrothecae; diameter distinctly decreasing basally at adnate part. Hydrotheca curved outwards, sometimes with distinct inflection point where it becomes free. Hydrotheca adnate to internode for half, or even more, of its adcauline length. Adcauline wall slightly convex, sometimes almost straight at free and adnate parts. Abcauline wall slightly concave by the middle, practically straight at basal and distal third. A ring of desmocytes present at base of hydrotheca. Hydrothecal aperture circular, directed upwards and outwards. Rim even, with up to four renovations.

Measurements (in µm). Hydrothecae: abcauline wall 1550–1600, free part of adcauline wall 780–900, adnate part of adcauline wall 1000–1040, adcauline wall 1840–1900, diameter at aperture 270–370, diameter at base 100. Cnidome (taken with x40): larger microbasic mastigophores, range 12.5–17.5 x 5–7.5.

Remarks. Our material agrees with the holotype in having internodes in a distinct zigzag, in the shape and size of hydrotheca and in the size of the nematocysts.

The available knowledge of this species is limited, as it is based on a 20-mm-long stem fragment (holotype) (cf. Peña Cantero et al. 2007), a 12-mm-long, unbranched fragment, studied by Peña Cantero & Vervoort (2010), and two up to 18-mm-long fragments (present material). All the material is preserved in slides, which makes it difficult tracing and measuring nematocysts. As a result, the information concerning this issue is scarce and should be taken with caution. Peña Cantero et al. (2007) found three putative nematocysts after careful examination of the type material (10–15 x 3–5 µm), Peña Cantero & Vervoort (2010) found four slightly larger nematocysts (16–19 x 8–9 µm) and I could find five (12.5–17.5 x 5–7.5 µm). The combination of size and shape of hydrotheca, together with the size of the nematocysts, allows me to assign the present material with confidence.

Ecology and distribution. Acryptolaria corniformis had been collected at depths between 282 ( Peña Cantero & Vervoort 2010) and 289 m (cf. Naumov & Stepanjants 1962; Stepanjants 1979); present material at 1442–1444 m, considerably extending its lower bathymetric limit.

Known from off Sabrina Coast, Antarctica ( Naumov & Stepanjants 1962; Stepanjants 1979) and from the Loyalty Islands area, New Caledonian region ( Peña Cantero & Vervoort 2010); present material, representing the third record for the species, comes off Buckle Island in the Balleny Islands.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Branch fragments showing hydrothecal arrangement and shape of hydrothecae: A, Acryptolaria corniformis Naumov & Stepanjants, 1962; B, Acryptolaria frigida Peña Cantero, 2014; C, Acryptolaria longitheca (Allman, 1877); D, Acryptolaria sp. (A from 27/1951; B from 2/2; C from 27/1974; D from 715/885). Scale bar: 500 µm.

FIGURE 4. Hydrothecae: A, Acryptolaria corniformis Naumov & Stepanjants, 1962; B–C Acryptolaria longitheca (Allman, 1877). (A from 27/1951; B–C from 27/1974). Scale bar: 250 µm.

FIGURE 5. Hydrothecae: A, Acryptolaria conferta (Allman, 1877); B, Acryptolaria corniformis Naumov & Stepanjants, 1962; C, Acryptolaria crassicaulis (Allman, 1888); D, Acryptolaria flabellum (Allman, 1888); E, Acryptolaria frigida Peña Cantero, 2014; F, Acryptolaria longitheca (Allman, 1877); G, Acryptolaria minuta Watson, 2003; H, Acryptolaria sp. (A from 715/885; B from 27/1951; C from 2/11; D from 22/1520; E from 2/2; F from 27/1974; G from 27/1852; H from 6/339). Scale bar: 200 µm.