Cradoscrupocellaria gautieri, VIEIRA & JONES & WINSTON, 2013

VIEIRA, LEANDRO M., JONES, MARY E. SPENCER & WINSTON, JUDITH E., 2013, <p class = " HeadingRunIn " align = " left "> <strong> <em> Cradoscrupocellaria </ em>, a new bryozoan genus for <em> Scrupocellaria bertholletii </ em> (Audouin) and related species (Cheilostomata, Candidae): taxonomy, biodiversity and distribution </ strong> </ p>, Zootaxa 3707 (1), pp. 1-63 : 48-51

Cradoscrupocellaria gautieri n. sp.

( Fig. 25 , Table 6)

Material examined. Holotype. NHMUK 1882.5 .24.9 ( Fig. 25 ), Scrupocellaria reptans, R. Kirkpatrick det., P.H.

Carpenter leg., Porcupine Expedition, 30–120 fms (54–220 m), Skensi Banki , Algeria. Paratypes. NHMUK 1882.5.24.8–12, same data as for holotype .

Type locality. Algeria .

Etymology. Honorific for the late French bryozoologist Yves-Victor Gautier (1930–1997).

Diagnosis. Chitinous joints passing across proximal end of opesia in both outer zooids at bifurcation (zooids C and D); zooids tubular, with 6 well-spaced distal spines; scutum large and stout, highly branched at its tip, fully developed and completely covering frontal membrane; small distolateral avicularium often present, obscured by outer oral spines; dimorphic frontal avicularium elongate with hooked tip; basal vibraculum larger than those of S. macrorhyncha .

1 NHMUK 1882.5.24.9, Algeria. 2 NHMUK 2010.12.6.19, Queensland, Australia. 3 NHMUK 2010.12.6.21, Gairloch, Scotland. 4 MOM 420323, Azores. 5 NHMUK 1911.10.1.386, Madeira.

Description. Colony erect, branches of 5–9 zooids. Internodes stout, almost straight, with acute bifurcating pattern; chitinous joints passing across proximal opesia in outer zooids at bifurcation (zooids C and D) and across proximal gymnocyst of inner zooids (F and G). Autozooids cylindrical with parallel sides. Oval opesia occupying three quarters of zooid length; cryptocyst reduced to narrow strip around opesia. Large scutum, robust and branched at its tip, fully developed, inserted at midline of inner opesial border and covering entire frontal membrane. Six regularly spaced distal spines, unbranched: 2 inner and 3–4 outer spines. Very small distolateral avicularium rarely present, obscured by outer distal spines. Dimorphic frontal avicularia present: a small avicularium with triangular mandible present in inner zooids of each internode, close to inner proximal border of opesia; a large frontal avicularium with elongate mandible present in outer zooids of each internode, rostrum longer than wide, 0.206 –0.244 mm long, serrated, directed proximally and with strongly hooked tip, mandible long and hooked distally. Vibracular chamber placed on basal surface of each zooid, inconspicuous in frontal view; chamber of vibraculum trapezoidal, large, with a proximal rhizoidal foramen; setal groove transverse to internode axis, straight, with smooth seta long as one autozooid length. Single axial vibraculum small, without rhizoidal foramen. Rhizoids tubular and smooth. Ovicells not observed.

Remarks. Cradoscrupocellaria gautieri n. sp. is similar to C. macrorhyncha in the shape of its scuta, frontal avicularia and distolateral avicularia, but differs from it in the number of zooids in each internode (shorter in C. gautieri than C. macrorhyncha ), the presence of 6 regularly spaced distal spines and larger basal vibracula than those of C. macrorhyncha . Cradoscrupocellaria macrorhynchoides n. sp. from Australia is distinguished from C. gautieri by zooid size, dimorphic frontal avicularia and more slender scuta. Cradoscrupocellaria odonoghuei n. sp. resembles C. gautieri in the shape of the scuta but differs in having large frontal avicularia.

Distribution. Mediterranean: Algeria; 54– 220 m.

Figures

FIGURE 25. Cradoscrupocellaria gautieri n. sp. A–F, NHMUK 1882.5.24.9, holotype, Algeria. A, Frontal surface of colony. B, Frontal surface of branch bifurcation; note the scutum covering whole opesia. C, Close-up of a branch; note the presence of a very small distolateral avicularium on each zooid. D, Close-up frontal gigantic and small avicularia. E, Abfrontal surface of colony. F, Abfrontal surface of branch bifurcation.